Diseño de estudio de caso en línea como propuesta educativa sobre la homosexualidad para jóvenes de bachillerato universitario

Se presenta una propuesta constructivista de un caso de enseñanza en línea, cuyo propósito es la promoción de aprendizajes significativos enfocados al desarrollo de habilidades argumentativas y de resolución de problemas, así como de una actitud respetuosa hacia la homosexualidad como parte de la diversidad sexual. El diseño del caso “Ser gay ¿es ser diferente?”, con dirección http://www.psicol.unam.mx/tecnologias/casos/sergay/, se basó en tres ejes rectores: activación de conocimientos previos, sensibilización, y aprendizaje basado en problemasThis paper shows an experience of an on-line Case Based Learning (CBL) designed as an internet educational strategy from a constructivist perspective in order to promote meaningful learning and, in particular, to develop argumentative and problem solutions abilities accompanied by a respectful attitude to homosexuality as a part of Sexual Diversity in societies. The case designed is named “Ser gay ¿es ser diferente?” it is located in: http://www.psicol.unam.mx/tecnologias/casos/sergay/. The most important principles in this design are three: activation of knowledge previous, work of awareness-raising and based learning problem

Toxicity of Cultured Bullseye Puffer Fish Sphoeroides annulatus

The toxin content in various life cycle stages of tank-cultivated bullseye puffer (Sphoeroides annulatus) were analyzed by mouse bioassay and ESI-MS spectrometry analysis. The presence of toxin content was determined in extracts of sperm, eggs, embryo, larvae, post-larvae, juvenile, pre-adult, and adult fish, as well as in food items used during the cultivation of the species. Our findings show that only the muscle of juveniles, the viscera of pre-adults, and muscle, liver, and gonad of adult specimens were slightly toxic (<1 mouse unit). Thus, cultivated S. annulatus, as occurs with other cultivated puffer fish species, does not represent a food safety risk to consumers. This is the first report of toxin analysis covering the complete life stages of a puffer fish under controlled conditions

Ciencia Odontológica 2.0

Libro que muestra avances de la Investigación Odontológica en MéxicoEs para los integrantes de la Red de Investigación en Estomatología (RIE) una enorme alegría presentar el segundo de una serie de 6 libros sobre casos clínicos, revisiones de la literatura e investigaciones. La RIE está integrada por cuerpos académicos de la UAEH, UAEM, UAC y UdeG

Estudio morfológico y análisis citoquímico del manto de la madreperla Pinctada mazatlanica (Hanley, 1856), en relación a la formación de nácar.

IMPRESO Y PD

Políticas y programas de alimentación y nutrición en México Food and nutrition policies and programs in Mexico

México tiene una larga historia de implementación de programas y políticas orientadas a mejorar la nutrición de grupos vulnerables. A pesar de ello, la desnutrición constituye uno de los retos de salud pública más importantes en México. El presente artículo proporciona una perspectiva histórica de las principales estrategias, programas y políticas que han surgido en México, analizando su diseño e implementación, así como algunos resultados obtenidos. Finalmente, se plantean puntos críticos para iniciar una discusión en torno a los problemas relacionados con la alimentación y las políticas que en México se proponen para solucionarlos. El texto completo en inglés de este artículo está disponible en: http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.htmlMexico has a long-standing history of programs and policies oriented to improve the nutrition of vulnerable groups. However, malnutrition represents one of the main public health challenges in Mexico. This article provides a historic perspective of the main strategies, programs and policies that have been carried out in Mexico, as well as a detailed analysis of their design, implementation, and selected results. Finally, some critical issues related to food policies implemented in Mexico are identified. The English version of this paper is available at: http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html</A

Development of the digestive tract, trypsin activity and gene expression in eggs and larvae of the bullseye puffer fish (Sphoeroides annulatus). Aquaculture 2006

Abstract Hatchery-produced Sphoeroides annulatus were studied from fertilized egg until day 32 post-hatch to examine the digestive tract development and to evaluate its digestive capacity during the larval period. Fish larvae were progressively fed microalgae, rotifers, Artemia nauplii and a formulated microdiet. Digestive tract development, trypsin activity, and trypsinogen gene expression in fish samples were analyzed by histology, histochemistry and reverse-transcription coupled to the polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) respectively. The intestine and liver started to develop on day 1 after hatch, followed by the pancreas. The mouth opened at day 4 after hatch, which was the start of rotifer feeding. Trypsinogen gene expression was detected very early in development, starting in the fertilized egg, showing a sharp increase in eggs at 75 h after fertilization, and then a gradual increase after hatching as the larvae developed. Trypsin activity by histochemistry was first detected at day 2 post-hatch, and maximum expression and activity were observed at days 16 to 24 after hatch, which corresponded to the period of Artemia nauplii feeding. No gastric glands were observed during the whole period of study. From day 28 onwards the fish were fed with a formulated microdiet, at this time both trypsin synthesis and activity decreased, suggesting a more important role for other enzymes in the digestion process.

Identification of a tubulin-α gene specifically expressed in testis and adductor muscle during stable reference gene selection in the hermaphrodite gonad of the lion's paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus.

International audienceFor non-model species, as many used for aquaculture, with minimal or no genomic information, relative quantification of gene expression studies requires preliminary research including the isolation of potential reference genes and the identification of those stably expressed under the biological conditions of interest. Here we report on the isolation of five partial gene sequences from gonad tissue cDNA in the functional hermaphrodite scallop Nodipecten subnodosus to be evaluated as reference genes: 18S-rRNA, riboprotein l8 (rp-l8), actin-β (act-β), elongation factor 1α (ef-1α) and alpha-tubulin-α (tub-α). We found that 18S-rRNA was stably expressed independently of the priming method used to reverse transcribe RNA to cDNA, oligo-dT or random hexamer. Stability analysis for the five putative reference genes with geNorm and NormFinder indicated that 18S together with rp-l8 were the most stable genes for normalization of gene expression during gonad development in both, male and female sexual regions of the hermaphrodite N. subnodosus. The least stable gene was tub-α, showing a biased expression profile between sexual regions of the gonad, therefore this gene was analyzed thereafter as a target gene together with vitellogenin (vit) and a DEAD-box RNA helicase (dbx) gene. Relative expression, estimated by normalization with the combination of 18S and rp-l8 as reference genes, indicated that as gonad development advanced two of the target genes were up-regulated, tub-α in the male region and vit in the female region. Whereas an increased expression was expected during development for vit for its known role in vitellogenesis, the increased expression of tub-α in the male sexual region was unexpected, and pointed toward this gene being a testis-specific α-tubulin isotype. Further analyses of gene expression among tissues indicated that tub-α is specifically and highly expressed in the male gonad, although expression in adductor muscle was also observed at significantly lower levels. The existence of testis specific α- and β-tubulins has been previously reported in other taxa, relating their function to sperm axoneme formation. Tissue-specific tubulin genes, particularly their promoters, have recently found an application as native promoters for transgene tissue-specific expression in research and reproductive control of insect plagues. The third target gene, a putative member of the DEAD-box RNA helicase family (dbx), showed no changes in expression during gonad development or between sexual regions, therefore it was chosen to discuss the different statistical inferences resulting from the arbitrary use of 'randomly chosen' reference genes when normalizing gene expression