Carta de Pedro de San Buenaventura a fray Bernardino de Sahagún acerca del calendario solar mexicano.

Sin resume

Quality assurance of surface wind observations from automated weather stations

Meteorological data of good quality arc important for understanding both global and regional climates In this respect, great efforts have been made to evaluate temperature- and precipitation-related records This study summarizes the evaluations made to date of the quality of wind speed and direction records acquired at 41 automated weather stations in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula Observations were acquired from 1992 to 2005 at a temporal resolution of 10 and 30 min A quality assurance system was imposed to select) the records for 1) manipulation errors associated with storage and management of the data. 2) consistency limits to to ensure that observations ale within their natural limits of variation, and 3) temporal consistency to assess abnormally low/high variations in the individual time series In addition. the most important biases of the dataset are analyzed and corrected wherever possible A total of 1 8% wind speed and 3 7% wind direction records was assumed invalid. pointing to specific problems in wind measurement The study not only tiles to contribute to the science with the creation of a wind damsel of unmoved quality. but it also reports on potential errors that could be plc:sent in other wind dataset

Simulaciones regionales paeloclimáticas: índice WI y su relacón con la NAO

Ponencia presentada en: IX Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología celebrado en Almería entre el 28 y el 30 de octubre de 2014.[ES]La aplicación de modelos regionales para integraciones paleoclimáticas durante el último milenio permite la simulación de un clima coherente con un determinado conjunto de forzamientos externos del sistema climático, a la vez que asegura la consistencia física entre todas sus variables. Este clima simulado puede servir para evaluar reconstrucciones climáticas, así como para investigar los procesos físicos subyacentes a la variabilidad climática reconstruida. En este trabajo, se utiliza para investigar la no estacioneiridad entre el WI y la NAO mencionada anteriormente. Para ello se utiliza una simulación paleoclimática generadas con el modelo regional MM5 acoplado al modelo global ECHO-G. Concluímos que los cambios temporales en la relación entre ambos índices son identificables también en las simulaciones. Así mismo, se investiga su relación con los cambios de los centros de acción de la NAO y si éstos están relacionados con el forzamiento solar.[EN]Using regional models to obtain paleoclimate estimates during the last millennium allows the simulation of a climate coherent with a given set of external forcings, while preserving physical consistency among variables. This simulated climate can be used to assess the skill of climate reconstructions, and to investigate the underlying physical processes in the climate variability. In this study, it is used to investigate the aforementioned non-stationarity between WI and NAO. We present an analysis of the stationarity in the relationship between the NAO and WI indices in paleoclimatic simulations generated using the MM5 regional model coupled to the global model ECHO-G. We conclude that temporal changes in the relationship between the two indices are also identifiable in the simulations. Also, the relationship with the changes of the centres of action of the NAO is investigated, as well as whether they can be related to solar forcing.Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Gobierno de España y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) por medio de los proyectos SPEQ-TRES (CGL2011-29672-C02-02) y Salvá-Sinobas (200800050083542)

Functionalized nanostructures with application in regenerative medicine

In the last decade, both regenerative medicine and nanotechnology have been broadly developed leading important advances in biomedical research as well as in clinical practice. The manipulation on the molecular level and the use of several functionalized nanoscaled materials has application in various fields of regenerative medicine including tissue engineering, cell therapy, diagnosis and drug and gene delivery. The themes covered in this review include nanoparticle systems for tracking transplanted stem cells, self-assembling peptides, nanoparticles for gene delivery into stem cells and biomimetic scaffolds useful for 2D and 3D tissue cell cultures, transplantation and clinical application.This work was supported in part by grants from the Consejería de Economía, Innovación y Ciencia (Junta de Andalucía, excellence project number CTS-6568) and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, FEDER funds, grant number PI10/02295)

Functionalized Nanostructures with Application in Regenerative Medicine

In the last decade, both regenerative medicine and nanotechnology have been broadly developed leading important advances in biomedical research as well as in clinical practice. The manipulation on the molecular level and the use of several functionalized nanoscaled materials has application in various fields of regenerative medicine including tissue engineering, cell therapy, diagnosis and drug and gene delivery. The themes covered in this review include nanoparticle systems for tracking transplanted stem cells, self-assembling peptides, nanoparticles for gene delivery into stem cells and biomimetic scaffolds useful for 2D and 3D tissue cell cultures, transplantation and clinical application

Long-term global ground heat flux and continental heat storage from geothermal data

Energy exchanges among climate subsystems are of critical importance to determine the climate sensitivity of the Earth’s system to greenhouse gases, to quantify the magnitude and evolution of the Earth’s energy imbalance, and to project the evolution of future climate. Thus, ascertaining the magnitude of and change in the Earth’s energy partition within climate subsystems has become urgent in recent years. Here, we provide new global estimates of changes in ground surface temperature, ground surface heat flux, and continental heat storage derived from geothermal data using an expanded database and new techniques. Results reveal markedly higher changes in ground heat flux and heat storage within the continental subsurface than previously reported, with land temperature changes of 1 K and continental heat gains of around 12 ZJ during the last part of the 20th century relative to preindustrial times. Half of the heat gain by the continental subsurface since 1960 has occurred in the last 20 years

An assessment of observed and simulated temperature variability in Sierra de Guadarrama

This work provides a first assessment of temperature variability at interannual and decadal timescales in Sierra de Guadarrama, a high mountain protected area of the Central System in the Iberian Peninsula. Observational data from stations located in the area and simulated data from a high-resolution simulation (1 km) with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, fed from ERA Interim reanalysis, are used in order to analyse the temperatura variability in the period 2000–2018. Comparison among all datasets allows evaluation of the realism of the model simulations. The results show that the model tends to underestimate the observational mean temperatures and anomalies at high-altitude stations. A linear mean temperature vertical gradient of −5.81 ◦C/km is observed, but it is overestimated by the model (−6.56 ◦C/km). The variability of the daily temperature anomalies for both observations and, to a lesser extent, simulations increases with height. The added value that the WRF offers against the use of the ERA Interim is evaluated. The results show that the WRF provides a better performance than the reanalysis, as it shows smaller biases with respect to observational temperature anomalies. Finally, the study of temperature trends over the Sierra de Guadarrama and its surroundings for the period 2000–2018 shows a warming in the area, significantly pronounced in autumn. When extended to the last decades, observations show that this warming has been happening since the first half of the 20th century, especially during the period 1970–2018, but not as much as during 2000–2018.This research was funded by CEI Moncloa UPM-UCM-Ciemat Cooperation Agreement: GuMNet (Guadarrama Monitoring Network) Initiative, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación: GreatModelS (RTI2018-102305-B-C21d), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación: GreatModelS (RTI2018-102305-B-C21d), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación: ILModels (CGL2014-59644-R/CLI)

Identifying wind power ramp causes from multivariate datasets: a methodological proposal and its application to reanalysis data

Forecasting abrupt variations in wind power generation (the so-called ramps) helps achieve large scale wind power integration. One of the main issues to be confronted when addressing wind power ramp forecasting is the way in which relevant information is identified from large datasets to optimally feed forecasting models. To this end, an innovative methodology oriented to systematically relate multivariate datasets to ramp events is presented. The methodology comprises two stages: the identification of relevant features in the data and the assessment of the dependence between these features and ramp occurrence. As a test case, the proposed methodology was employed to explore the relationships between atmospheric dynamics at the global/synoptic scales and ramp events experienced in two wind farms located in Spain. The achieved results suggested different connection degrees between these atmospheric scales and ramp occurrence. For one of the wind farms, it was found that ramp events could be partly explained from regional circulations and zonal pressure gradients. To perform a comprehensive analysis of ramp underlying causes, the proposed methodology could be applied to datasets related to other stages of the wind-topower conversion chain

A quality assurance process of a surface wind database in Eastern Canada

Presentación realizada para las XXXII Jornadas Científicas de la Asociación Meteorológica Española y 13º Encuentro Hispano-Luso de Meteorología celebrados en Alcobendas (Madrid), del 28 al 30 de mayo de 2012

Escribir es un cuento: el aprendizaje de la escritura a partir de la producción del cuento breve

“Escribir es un cuento: El aprendizaje de la escritura a partir de la producción del cuento breve”, fue un proyecto en el cual se investigó acerca de la problemática que surgió a partir de las dificultades encontradas en los estudiantes del colegio Instituto Técnico Internacional, en términos de producción escrita. De acuerdo con lo anterior, la intencionalidad de la investigación giró en torno a la pregunta: ¿De qué manera la producción del cuento breve facilita el aprendizaje de la escritura en los estudiantes del grado 3° de primaria en el colegio Instituto Técnico Internacional? El objetivo general consistió en caracterizar los aspectos relevantes en el aprendizaje de la escritura a partir de la producción del cuento breve en los estudiantes del grado tercero de primaria en el colegio Instituto Técnico Internacional. A éste se unieron los objetivos específicos que consistían básicamente en identificar las acciones constitutivas para el aprendizaje de la escritura, valorar los efectos de la producción del cuento breve en el aprendizaje de la escritura y evidenciar las estrategias de acompañamiento en el proceso de aprendizaje de la escritura.Los principales referentes teóricos presentan los aportes de Vigotsky, Cassany y Zavala. Lo anterior se complementa con la metodología utilizada, la cual se basa en el tipo de investigación cualitativa seguido de la Investigación Acción, en donde se estableció la observación y el análisis de documentos como técnicas acompañadas por las rejillas de observación condensadas en el diario de campo propuesto por Valles (1999) y los cuentos breves como insumos para las rejillas de avances como instrumentos para cada técnica. En cuanto al análisis de resultados, el método de análisis de contenido propuesto por Torres (1996) y Porta (2003) se enfocó en las rejillas de observación, y el método de análisis documental de contenido propuesto por Fox (2005) fue el apoyo para el trabajo hecho sobre los cuentos breves. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian la interpretación de la información recolectada en relación con los objetivos propuestos; allí se muestra en detalle la experiencia investigativa en el aprendizaje de la escritura desde la identificación de los procesos de los estudiantes, el reconocimiento de los efectos del trabajo de campo y la exposición de las estrategias de acompañamiento que fueron útiles en el aula. Además, se da cuenta de las evidencias de la investigación en los anexos que involucran los aspectos del aprendizaje de la escritura a partir de la producción del cuento breve. Finalmente, las conclusiones muestran el alcance de los objetivos en relación con la interpretación de resultados y algunas sugerencias para futuras investigaciones acerca del tema