New perspectives for the diagnosis and planning of urban mobility after COVID-19: the case study of Cartagena

Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMP) are increasingly popular planning tools in cities with environmental issues where numerous actions are usually proposed to reduce pollution from urban transport. The impact of the pandemic caused by COVID-19 on urban pollution in our cities is a proven fact, although its mechanisms are not known in great detail. The change in urban mobility patterns due to the restrictions imposed on the population during lockdown is a phe-nomenon that can be parameterized and studied from the perspective of spatial analysis. This study proposes an analysis of the guiding parameters of these changes from the perspective of spatial analysis. To do so, the case study of the city of Cartagena, a medium-sized city in Spain, has been analyzed throughout the period of mobility restrictions due to COVID-19. By means of a geosta-tistical analysis, changes in urban mobility patterns and the modal distribution of transport have been correlated with the evolution of environmental air quality indicators in the cit

Retro-diagnosis methodology for land consumption analysis towards sustainable future scenarios: Application to a mediterranean coastal area

Land consumption is a good indicator to directly diagnose present and future imbalances in territories, and indirectly, possible issues associated to the management of other resources. Therefore, after reaching the target of standardizing urban research that makes it possible to build healthier and greener cities, the real challenge for the future is to make the leap from urban scale to regional scale and deploy these policies in an integrated manner, in so-called "smart territories". In that context, this paper presents a model of multidisciplinary analysis through indicators based in land consumption and transformation rates. The model, called GIS-LiDAR retrospective analysis, is implemented through territorial information tools in order to simulate and diagnose possible future imbalances based on past and current trends. This innovative methodology will be applied in a Spanish Mediterranean coastal area called the Campo de Cartagena, a territory with issues related to low-density urban sprawl, intensive agriculture and mass tourism coastal urbanization. This territory of high economic activity and with important environmental protected areas like the Mar Menor lagoon as well as complex interrelated phenomena will be "retrohistorically" diagnosed from the perspective of land transformation over 60 years. The method, designed to advance future scenarios and help planners in decision-making, will show dangerous current trends leading to imbalances in this area so that future planning can be implemented with smart (sustainable) criteria

Integrated management in coastal lagoons of highly complexity environments: Resilience comparative analysis for three case-studies

Enclosed coastal seas are usually high environmental value territories that are located, in many cases, indeveloped countries often subjected to a large catalog of anthropic activities such as tourism, agricultureor industry. These more difficult to manage cases are precisely those that require more complexmechanisms to both diagnose their needs as well as to implement measures that allow the cohabitationbetween existing activities and the preservation of the natural values of these territories.This article analyzes the link between the lagoon and such activities from a multidisciplinary approach.This new perspective is raised toward implementing integrated analysis methodologies using indicatorsthat determine global diagnostics capable of being compared from one lagoon to another in differentparts of the world. To this end, a comparative study has been developed of three highly complex caseslocated in three different continents: the Salton Sea in America, the Mar Menor in Europe and the MarChica in Africa. Through the implementation of GIS-LiDAR analysis tools, an integrated assessment of thesituation and the challenges facing these three lagoons will be set out in order to help solve their currentissues. The results will enable to highlight the ability of the lagoons to absorb the impacts of the activitiesthat surround them and guide us to where their future management should be routed

GIS assessment of mass tourism anthropization in sensitive coastal environments: Application to a case study in the Mar Menor area

On the Mediterranean coast, the tourism activity which has developed since the 1950s has become a mass tourism industry in recent decades, cohabitating with natural spaces of high environmental value. These sensitive areas are thus subjected to a varied catalog of anthropizing actions (urbanization of the natural soil, modification of the dune balances by the construction of port infrastructures, alteration of marine ecosystems by recreational activities, etc.). All these inter-related elements are often difficult to analyze in a comprehensive way because of their diffuse nature. This paper proposes a methodology based on GIS analysis for the evaluation of diffuse anthropization associated to tourism in sensitive coastal environments. By using different indicators of territorial transformation, a complete method is proposed to establish the index of diffuse anthropization of a territory. This methodology, which is easily applicable in a generalized manner in different cases for developed countries, will be applied in the Mar Menor, a coastal lagoon area in the Mediterranean that has been suffering from mass tourism during recent decades. The results will show the important impact of several actions linked to tourism and the worrying inertia that the current trend can cause in the lagoon’s ecosystem

Elecciones en Brasil: Lula rumbo a su segundo mandato

El actual presidente brasileño, Luis Inácio “Lula” da Silva, es el candidato favorito para las elecciones del próximo 1 de octubre. Lula podría conseguir un nuevo mandato de cuatro años ya en la primera vuelta, aunque se verá obligado a llegar a pactos con otras fuerzas políticas para tener mayoría en el Parlamento. Brasil afronta las elecciones de octubre para presidente, gobernadores, diputados y senadores sin las presiones del mercado financiero que marcaron las elecciones de 2002. Los escándalos de corrupción del actual Gobierno han sido asimilados de tal modo por el electorado que el presidente Luis Inácio “Lula” da Silva podría hacerse con un segundo mandato en la primera vuelta de las elecciones. Su partido, sin embargo, pagará la factura por la crisis política, lo que obligará al próximo mandatario a llegar a pactos con organizaciones de diferente signo político para asegurarse un cierto control del futuro Parlamento. La razonable marcha de la economía, la autosuficiencia petrolífera o los programas sociales son los principales triunfos de Lula, cuya política económica seguirá la senda ortodoxa que ha recorrido estos cuatro años aunque es posible que ponga más acento en el desarrollo para intentar que el país crezca más rápidamente y se reduzcan las enormes desigualdades sociales

Proceedings of the SUPTM 2022 conference

This book includes the proceedings of the 1st international Conference on Future Challenges in Sustainable Urban Planning & Territorial Management celebrated on January 17-19, 2022. Urban planning is an essential tool in our global society's journey towards sustainability. This tool is as important as the territorial management to execute the plans. Both, planning and management, must be efficient to achieve the goal of sustainability inside the general framework of Sustainable Development Goals of United Nations. It does not exist any B planet so, identify urban & territorial challenges in our territories such reaching sustainable mobility, diagnose natural hazards and control land resource consumption is mandatory for our XXI century generation. Planning land uses compatibles with the ecosystem services of territory and manage them by public-private cooperation systems is a greatly challenge for our global society. Human activities do not have very frequently among their objectives to maintain ecosystem services of territory. Therefore, this field of research must help to guarantee the maintenance of natural resources, also called Natural Capital, necessary for social and economic activities of our global society. This conference aims to be a space to share research works, ideas, experiences, projects, etc. in this field of knowledge. We want to put in value that planning and management are subjects that include technological and social matters and their own methodologies. Laws, rules and cultures of different countries around the world are or can be very diverse. But the planet is only one. Technologies are shared, methodologies to analyze territories are also communal to share experiences about the global goal of sustainability, so these events are a necessary way to build our joint future. We trust that the success of this first edition of the SUPTM conference (which has been attended by more than 200 researchers from the five continents) will be an opening step towards international collaboration and the dissemination of knowledge that is so important in this field of urban planning and territorial management

GIS analysis of the consequences of short-term urban planning in a mass tourism destination in Spain

[ES] La Manga del Mar Menor in the Region of Murcia every year reaches a population of more than 250,000 people during the summer, with only a few thousand in winter. This crowded environment with an asymmetric behaviour submits annual progressive impoverishment in its economic return. This questionable profitability is the result of a misguided urban development, and its results are analysed through the evolution of the land market and the resulting urbanization in the last 50 years using a GIS methodology.[EN] Urban planning is a lengthy and settled process which results usually emerge after several years or even decades. That is why it is necessary for a proper urban design of cities to use parameters that are able to predict and gauge the potential long-term behaviour of urban development. In the tourist towns of the Mediterranean coast, the long-term design is often at odds with the generation of business profits in the short term. We present here the results of this phenomenon for an interesting case of Spanish Mediterranean coastal city created from scratch in the 60s and turned into a tourist destination today hypertrophied. La Manga del Mar Menor in the Murcia region every year is reaching a population of more than 250,000 people during the summer, which are reduced to a few dozen in winter. This crowded environment with an asymmetric behaviour submits annual progressive impoverishment in its economic return. This questionable profitability is the result of a misguided urban development and the results are analyzed through the evolution of the land market and the resulting urban in the last 50 years with a SIG methodology.Miralles García, JL.; García-Ayllón Veintimilla, S. (2015). GIS analysis of the consequences of short-term urban planning in a mass tourism destination in Spain. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning. 10(4):499-519. https://doi.org/10.2495/SDP-V10-N4-499-519S49951910

Geostatistical analysis of the spatial correlation between territorial anthropization and flooding vulnerability: Application to the DANA Phenomenon in a Mediterranean watershed

Climate change is making intense DANA (depresión aislada en niveles altos) type rains a more frequent phenomenon in Mediterranean basins. This trend, combined with the transformation of the territory derived from diffuse anthropization processes, has created an explosive cocktail for many coastal towns due to flooding events. To evaluate this problem and the impact of its main guiding parameters, a geostatistical analysis of the territory based on GIS indicators and an NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) analysis is developed. The assessment of the validity of a proposed methodology is applied to the case study of the Campo de Cartagena watershed located around the Mar Menor, a Mediterranean coastal lagoon in Southeastern Spain. This area has suffered three catastrophic floods derived from the DANA phenomenon between 2016 and 2019. The results show that apart from the effects derived from climate change, the real issue that amplifies the damage caused by floods is the diffuse anthropization process in the area, which has caused the loss of the natural hydrographic network that traditionally existed in the basin

Analysis of the relationship between coastal development and the alteration of beach shorelines: a retrospective view based on spatial indicators

The construction of port infrastructures in urbanized coastal territories causes a great impact in the short and long term. The analysis of this impact is a very complex field due to the high number of variables involved. The criteria for analyzing these phenomena are usually based on the characteristics of the infrastructure to be built, but in the case of highly urbanized areas, there are other variables that are not normally taken into account. With the aim of giving an alternative approach to traditional analysis methods and relating the maximum number of possible variables, our study is given a multiparametric and retrospective approach based on GIS indicators. For this, the coastal area of the southeast of Spain is analyzed with the cartographic information that we have from the last 50 years. The changes suffered in the coastline caused by the construction of ports are analyzed in two dimensions and the statistical correlation of the different variables studied and the impact suffered on the coast are studied, such as the formation of tombolos and hemitombolos or salients, as well as coastal regression, even generation of sludge due to imbalances in sedimentary dynamics. The results can be used to enrich and improve the traditional analysis models for singular cases such as those studied

Manual para la integración urbana de las infraestructuras ferroviarias: caso Cartagena

La integración urbana de las grandes infraestructuras de comunicación en las principales ciudades de España es una problemática actual que aúna disciplinas tan distintas como la planificación y gestión urbanística, diseño geotécnico y estructural y la correcta evaluación económica. La llegada del AVE a las ciudades se ha postergado como último punto de la planificación ferroviaria española al ser el punto más complejo por su difícil encaje en la trama urbana. El presente trabajo analiza la problemática global a nivel nacional y disecciona en detalle las situaciones de distintos casos de especial interés surgidos en distintas ciudades. Por último, se propone la realización de una propuesta para la ciudad de Cartagena, un proyecto en estos momentos pendiente. El manual sirve de base y enunciado para el trabajo del curso 2014-2015 de la asignatura “Planificación y Gestión Territorial” de 2º curso del Master de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (UPCT).Planificación y Gestión TerritorialMáster de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puerto