3,667 research outputs found
On the nature of the Mott transition in multiorbital systems
We analyze the nature of Mott metal-insulator transition in multiorbital
systems using dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). The auxiliary multiorbital
quantum impurity problem is solved using continuous time quantum Monte Carlo
(CTQMC) and the rotationally invariant slave-boson (RISB) mean field
approximation. We focus our analysis on the Kanamori Hamiltonian and find that
there are two markedly different regimes determined by the nature of the lowest
energy excitations of the atomic Hamiltonian. The RISB results at
suggest the following rule of thumb for the order of the transition at zero
temperature: a second order transition is to be expected if the lowest lying
excitations of the atomic Hamiltonian are charge excitations, while the
transition tends to be first order if the lowest lying excitations are in the
same charge sector as the atomic ground state. At finite temperatures the
transition is first order and its strength, as measured e.g. by the jump in the
quasiparticle weight at the transition, is stronger in the parameter regime
where the RISB method predicts a first order transition at zero temperature.
Interestingly, these results seem to apply to a wide variety of models and
parameter regimes.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review
Lattice specific heat for the RMIn (R = Gd, La, Y, M = Co, Rh) compounds: non-magnetic contribution subtraction
We analyze theoretically a common experimental process used to obtain the
magnetic contribution to the specific heat of a given magnetic material. In the
procedure, the specific heat of a non-magnetic analog is measured and used to
subtract the non-magnetic contributions, which are generally dominated by the
lattice degrees of freedom in a wide range of temperatures. We calculate the
lattice contribution to the specific heat for the magnetic compounds GdMIn
(M = Co, Rh) and for the non-magnetic YMIn and LaMIn (M = Co, Rh),
using density functional theory based methods. We find that the best
non-magnetic analog for the subtraction depends on the magnetic material and on
the range of temperatures. While the phonon specific heat contribution of
YRhIn is an excellent approximation to the one of GdCoIn in the full
temperature range, for GdRhIn we find a better agreement with LaCoIn,
in both cases, as a result of an optimum compensation effect between masses and
volumes. We present measurements of the specific heat of the compounds
GdMIn (M = Co, Rh) up to room temperature where it surpasses the value
expected from the Dulong-Petit law. We obtain a good agreement between theory
and experiment when we include anharmonic effects in the calculations
State-of-the-art techniques for calculating spectral functions in models for correlated materials
The dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) has become a standard technique for
the study of strongly correlated models and materials overcoming some of the
limitations of density functional approaches based on local approximations. An
important step in this method involves the calculation of response functions of
a multiorbital impurity problem which is related to the original model.
Recently there has been considerable progress in the development of techniques
based on the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) and related matrix
product states (MPS) implying a substantial improvement to previous methods. In
this article we review some of the standard algorithms and compare them to the
newly developed techniques, showing examples for the particular case of the
half-filled two-band Hubbard model.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, to be published in EPL Perspective
Vertisol Soil fertility Indicators inRotational grazing on the Cauto Valley.
The behavior of some Vertisol soil fertility indicators was randomly studied for four years, at a milk production unit on the Cauto River Valley, Cuba. Brachiaria humidicola cv CIAT 679 pasture was used without irrigation and fertilization. Grazing intensity had mean variation values, of 243 UGM/ha in the rainy season and 190 UGM/ha in the dry season. The daily grazing stripe depended on pasture availability. The occupation time was 2 days. No signif-icant variations were observed in time, or associated to grazing intensity in terms of physical properties of the soil. The apparent density decreased according to the season (P < 0.05) and the highest value was observed in the dry sea-son (1.42 and 1.18 g/cm3 ). The grazing stripe variable brought benefits to the balance of exchangeable ions, with a higher ratio of Ca2+/Mg2+and Mg2+/K+. Interaction between season and grazing was produced in mobile forms of soil nitrogen and NO3 -, NH4 + and NFH, higher during the rainy season in the grazing areas. Stripe grazing does not diminish the main soil fertility indicators; however, it does favor nitrogen mobility and mineralization, depending on the most suitable grazing stripe variable for this kind of soil
Full time nonexponential decay in double-barrier quantum structures
We examine an analytical expression for the survival probability for the time
evolution of quantum decay to discuss a regime where quantum decay is
nonexponential at all times. We find that the interference between the
exponential and nonexponential terms of the survival amplitude modifies the
usual exponential decay regime in systems where the ratio of the resonance
energy to the decay width, is less than 0.3. We suggest that such regime could
be observed in semiconductor double-barrier resonant quantum structures with
appropriate parameters.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
Equivalence between the real time Feynman histories and the quantum shutter approaches for the "passage time" in tunneling
We show the equivalence of the functions and
for the ``passage time'' in tunneling. The former, obtained within the
framework of the real time Feynman histories approach to the tunneling time
problem, using the Gell-Mann and Hartle's decoherence functional, and the
latter involving an exact analytical solution to the time-dependent
Schr\"{o}dinger equation for cutoff initial waves
Quantum shutter approach to tunneling time scales with wave packets
The quantum shutter approach to tunneling time scales (G. Garc\'{\i
}a-Calder\'{o}n and A. Rubio, Phys. Rev. A \textbf{55}, 3361 (1997)), which
uses a cutoff plane wave as the initial condition, is extended in such a way
that a certain type of wave packet can be used as the initial condition. An
analytical expression for the time evolved wave function is derived. The
time-domain resonance, the peaked structure of the probability density (as the
function of time) at the exit of the barrier, originally found with the cutoff
plane wave initial condition, is studied with the wave packet initial
conditions. It is found that the time-domain resonance is not very sensitive to
the width of the packet when the transmission process is in the tunneling
regime.Comment: 6 page
Dynamical description of the buildup process in resonant tunneling: Evidence of exponential and non-exponential contributions
The buildup process of the probability density inside the quantum well of a
double-barrier resonant structure is studied by considering the analytic
solution of the time dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation with the initial
condition of a cutoff plane wave. For one level systems at resonance condition
we show that the buildup of the probability density obeys a simple charging up
law, where is the
stationary wave function and the transient time constant is exactly
two lifetimes. We illustrate that the above formula holds both for symmetrical
and asymmetrical potential profiles with typical parameters, and even for
incidence at different resonance energies. Theoretical evidence of a crossover
to non-exponential buildup is also discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Wheel shape optimization approaches to reduce railway rolling noise
[EN] A wheel shape optimization of a railway wheel cross section by means of Genetic Algorithms (GAs) is presented with the aim of minimizing rolling noise radiation. Two different approaches have been implemented with this purpose, one centred on direct Sound poWer Level (SWL) minimization, calculated using TWINS
methodology, and another one emphasizing computational efficiency, focused on natural frequencies maximization. Numerical simulations are carried out with a Finite Element Method (FEM) model using general axisymmetric elements. The design space is defined by a geometric parametrization of the wheel cross section with four parameters: wheel radius, a web thickness factor, fillet radius and web offset. For all wheel candidates a high-cycle fatigue analysis has been performed according to actual standards, in order to assure structural feasibility. Rolling noise reductions have been achieved, with a decrease of up to 5 dB(A) when considering the wheel component. Response surfaces have been also computed to study the dependency of the objective functions on the geometric parameters and to test the adequacy of the optimization algorithm
applied.This study was financially supported by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades - Agencia Estatal de Investigacion, European Regional Development Fund (project TRA2017-84701-R), and Conselleria d'Educacio, Investigacio, Cultura i Esport (Generalitat Valenciana, project Prometeo/2016/007).García-Andrés, FX.; Gutiérrez-Gil, J.; Martínez Casas, J.; Denia, FD. (2020). Wheel shape optimization approaches to reduce railway rolling noise. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization. 62(5):2555-2570. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-020-02700-6S25552570625Beranek LL (2007) Basic acoustical quantities: levels and decibels, chapter 1 pp 1–24, John Wiley & Sons, LtdBouvet P, Vincent N, Coblentz A, Demilly F (2000) Optimization of resilient wheels for rolling noise control. J Sound Vib 231(3):765–777Bühler S (2006) Methods and results of field testing of a retrofitted freight train with composite brake blocks. 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