Impacts of Colombia's current irrigation management transfer program

Privatization / Irrigation management / Irrigated farming / Policy / Costs / Economic aspects / Operations / Maintenance / Agricultural production

Assessing irrigation performance with comparative indicators: The case of the Alto Rio Lerma Irrigation District, Mexico

Irrigation management / Irrigation scheduling / Water allocation / Water distribution / Case studies / Institutional constraints / Operation / Monitoring / Indicators / Performance indexes / Water rights / Economic aspects / Data collection / Environmental effects / Performance evaluation / Water use efficiency

Estudio ultradetallado de suelos con fines de riego y drenaje en el Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias Tibaitatá.

Maestría en CienciasMaestrí

Performance of two transferred modules in the Lagunera Region: Water relations

Water policy / Performance / Privatization / Irrigation systems / Operations / Maintenance / Irrigation efficiency / Water users' associations / Water rights / Water allocation / Water supply / Water distribution

CC8 MRSA Strains Harboring SCCmec Type IVc are Predominant in Colombian Hospitals

BACKGROUND: Recent reports highlight the incursion of community-associated MRSA within healthcare settings. However, knowledge of this phenomenon remains limited in Latin America. The aim of this study was to evaluate the molecular epidemiology of MRSA in three tertiary-care hospitals in Medellín, Colombia. METHODS: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted from 2008-2010. MRSA infections were classified as either community-associated (CA-MRSA) or healthcare-associated (HA-MRSA), with HA-MRSA further classified as hospital-onset (HAHO-MRSA) or community-onset (HACO-MRSA) according to standard epidemiological definitions established by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Genotypic analysis included SCCmec typing, spa typing, PFGE and MLST. RESULTS: Out of 538 total MRSA isolates, 68 (12.6%) were defined as CA-MRSA, 243 (45.2%) as HACO-MRSA and 227 (42.2%) as HAHO-MRSA. The majority harbored SCCmec type IVc (306, 58.7%), followed by SCCmec type I (174, 33.4%). The prevalence of type IVc among CA-, HACO- and HAHO-MRSA isolates was 92.4%, 65.1% and 43.6%, respectively. From 2008 to 2010, the prevalence of type IVc-bearing strains increased significantly, from 50.0% to 68.2% (p = 0.004). Strains harboring SCCmec IVc were mainly associated with spa types t1610, t008 and t024 (MLST clonal complex 8), while PFGE confirmed that the t008 and t1610 strains were closely related to the USA300-0114 CA-MRSA clone. Notably, strains belonging to these three spa types exhibited high levels of tetracycline resistance (45.9%). CONCLUSION: CC8 MRSA strains harboring SCCmec type IVc are becoming predominant in Medellín hospitals, displacing previously reported CC5 HA-MRSA clones. Based on shared characteristics including SCCmec IVc, absence of the ACME element and tetracycline resistance, the USA300-related isolates in this study are most likely related to USA300-LV, the recently-described 'Latin American variant' of USA300

Proyecto de fortalecimiento institutional sobre manejo del recurso agua en la region AndinaProject on Institutional Strengthening for Water Management in the Andean Region. Six-month progress report, No.1, 28 March - 28 September. In Spanish

Annex 6 of

IWMI's vision on the availability and sustainability of water resources

Paper presented at the Water 98 International Conference, Cali, Colombia, 1-3 June 199

La transferencia del manejo de los sistemas de riego en Colombia. In SpanishIrrigation management transfer of irrigation systems in Colombia

Paper presented at V Congress and VII Seminar of Agricultural Engineers, Medellin, Colombia, 12-14 October 199

IWMI's vision on the availability and sustainability of water resources

Paper presented at the Water 98 International Conference, Cali, Colombia, 1-3 June 199