45,811 research outputs found
Differences in relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction and attachment styles between victims and non-victims of Child Sexual Abuse.
Treball Final de Grau en Psicologia. Codi: PS1048. Curs: 2018/2019.Introduction: Prevalence of child sexual abuse is close to 15%, being more frequent
in women and when it is perpetrated by known people. Some research indicates that victims
of CSA may be at risk factor of developing of psychological problems in the short and long
term.
Objective: Analizing the relationship between CSA, levels of dyadic and sexual
satisfaction and attachment styles.
Method: The Sexual Victimization Sub-scale of the Spanish adaptation of the Juvenile
Victimization Questionnaire (Hamby et al., 2005), the Spanish adaptation of the Relationship
Assessment Scale (Melero, 2008), the New Sexual Satisfaction Scale (Štulhoffer, 2010) and
the Adult Attachment Questionnaire (Melero & Cantero, 2008), were administered to 164
participants aged between 18 and 59 (M=32.98, SD=10.17).
Results: 71.89% of the participants were victims of CSA, of which 88.89% were
women. In 83.13% of the cases, the abuse was produced by a known person. Statistically
significant differences were found between victims and non-victims in sexual satisfaction,
especially at the individual level, in victims abused by unknown persons by touching
(p=0,004), by their peers (p=0,038) and victims of complete abuse (p=0,026). Statistically
significant differences were also found in affective insecurity regarding low self-esteem,
need for approval, fear of rejection (Factor 1), emotional self-sufficiency and discomfort with
intimacy (Factor 4). The largest effect size with respect to the establishment of the link was
found in the group of peer abuse in Factor 1 (d=0,99) and by unknown persons in Factor 4
(d=0,99).
Discussion: These findings provide relevant data on the characterization of CSA,
essential information for the design of treatments focused on victims of abuse and which
highlights need to act from different levels of intervention.Introducción: La prevalencia de abuso sexual infantil se aproxima al 15%, siendo más
frecuente en mujeres y perpetrado por personas conocidas. Algunas investigaciones
indican que haber sido víctima de ASI puede ser un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de
problemas psicológicos a corto y largo plazo.
Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre el ASI, los niveles de satisfacción diádica y sexual
y los estilos de apego.
Método: Se administró la Subescala de Victimización Sexual de la adaptación
española del Cuestionario de Victimización Juvenil (Hamby et al., 2005), la adaptación
española de la Escala de la Evaluación de la Relación (Melero, 2008), la Nueva Escala de
Satisfacción Sexual (Štulhoffer, 2010) y el Cuestionario de Apego Adulto (Melero y Cantero,
2008) a 164 participantes de entre 18 y 59 años (M=32,98; DT=10,17).
Resultados: El 71,89% de los participantes fueron víctima de ASI, de entre ellos el
88,89% eran mujeres. En el 83,13% de los casos, el abuso fue producido por una persona
conocida. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre víctimas y no
víctimas en satisfacción sexual, sobre todo a nivel individual, en personas abusadas por
desconocidos mediante tocamientos (p=0,004), por sus iguales (p=0,038) y víctimas de
abuso completo (p=0,026). También se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente
significativas en inseguridad afectiva respecto a la baja autoestima, necesidad de
aprobación, miedo al rechazo (Factor 1), autosuficiencia emocional y malestar con la
intimidad (Factor 4). El mayor tamaño del efecto respecto al establecimiento del vínculo se
halló en el grupo de abuso por iguales en el Factor 1 (d=0,99) y por desconocidos en el
Factor 4 (d=0,99).
Discusión: Estos hallazgos aportan datos relevantes sobre la caracterización del ASI,
información fundamental para el diseño de tratamientos centrados en las víctimas de abuso
y que pone de manifiesto la necesidad de actuar desde los distintos niveles de intervención
A note on selecting maximals in finite spaces
Given a choice problem, the maximization rule may select many alternatives. In such
cases, it is common practice to interpret that the final choice will end up being made by
some random procedure, assigning to any maximal alternative the same probability of
being chosen. However, there may be reasons based on the same original preferences
for which it is suitable to select certain maximal alternatives over others. This paper
introduces two choice criteria induced by the original preferences such that maximizing
with respect to each of them may give a finer selection of alternatives than maximizing
with respect to the original preferences. Those criteria are built by means of several
preference relations induced by the original preferences, namely, two (weak) dominance
relations, two indirect preference relations and the dominance relations defined with the
help of those indirect preferences. It is remarkable that as the original preferences
approach being complete and transitive, those criteria become both simpler and closer to
such preferences. In particular, they coincide with the original preferences when these
are complete and transitive, in which case they provide the same solution as those
preference
A non-proposition-wise variant of majority voting for aggregating judgments
Majority voting is commonly used in aggregating judgments. The literature to date on judgment
aggregation (JA) has focused primarily on proposition-wise majority voting (PMV). Given a set of issues
on which a group is trying to make collective judgments, PMV aggregates individual judgments issue by
issue, and satisfies a salient property of JA rules—independence. This paper introduces a variant of
majority voting called holistic majority voting (HMV). This new variant also meets the condition of
independence. However, instead of aggregating judgments issue by issue, it aggregates individual
judgments en bloc. A salient and straightforward feature of HMV is that it guarantees the logical
consistency of the propositions expressing collective judgments, provided that the individual points of
view are consistent. This feature contrasts with the known inability of PMV to guarantee the consistency
of the collective outcome. Analogously, while PMV may present a set of judgments that have been
rejected by everyone in the group as collectively accepted, the collective judgments returned by HMV
have been accepted by a majority of individuals in the group and, therefore, rejected by a minority of
them at most. In addition, HMV satisfies a large set of appealing properties, as PMV also does. However,
HMV may not return any complete proposition expressing the judgments of the group on all the issues at
stake, even in cases where PMV does. Moreover, demanding completeness from HMV leads to
impossibility results similar to the known impossibilities on PMV and on proposition-wise JA rules in
genera
Dirac equation in exotic spacetimes
We find solutions of the Dirac equation in curved spacetime. In particular,
we consider 1+1 dimensional sections of several exotic metrics: the Alcubierre
metric, which describes a scenario that allows faster-than-light (FTL)
velocity; the G\"odel metric, that describes a universe containing closed
timelike curves (CTC); and the Kerr metric, which corresponds to the spacetime
of a rotating black hole. Moreover, we also show that the techniques that we
use in these cases can be extended to nonstatic metrics.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure
Automated Functional Testing based on the Navigation of Web Applications
Web applications are becoming more and more complex. Testing such
applications is an intricate hard and time-consuming activity. Therefore,
testing is often poorly performed or skipped by practitioners. Test automation
can help to avoid this situation. Hence, this paper presents a novel approach
to perform automated software testing for web applications based on its
navigation. On the one hand, web navigation is the process of traversing a web
application using a browser. On the other hand, functional requirements are
actions that an application must do. Therefore, the evaluation of the correct
navigation of web applications results in the assessment of the specified
functional requirements. The proposed method to perform the automation is done
in four levels: test case generation, test data derivation, test case
execution, and test case reporting. This method is driven by three kinds of
inputs: i) UML models; ii) Selenium scripts; iii) XML files. We have
implemented our approach in an open-source testing framework named Automatic
Testing Platform. The validation of this work has been carried out by means of
a case study, in which the target is a real invoice management system developed
using a model-driven approach.Comment: In Proceedings WWV 2011, arXiv:1108.208
A pooling approach to judgment aggregation
The literature has focused on a particular way of aggregating judgments: Given a set of yes or no
questions or issues, the individuals’ judgments are then aggregated separately, issue by issue.
Applied in this way, the majority method does not guarantee the logical consistency of the set of
judgments obtained. This fact has been the focus of critiques of the majority method and similar
procedures. This paper focuses on another way of aggregating judgments. The main difference is
that aggregation is made en bloc on all the issues at stake. The main consequence is that the
majority method applied in this way does always guarantee the logical consistency of the
collective judgments. Since it satisfies a large set of attractive properties, it should provide the
basis for more positive assessment if applied using the proposed pooling approach than if used
separately. The paper extends the analysis to the pooling supermajority and plurality rules, with
similar result
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