Magnetized black holes and black rings in the higher dimensional dilaton gravity

In this paper we consider magnetized black holes and black rings in the higher dimensional dilaton gravity. Our study is based on exact solutions generated by applying a Harrison transformation to known asymptotically flat black hole and black ring solutions in higher dimensional spacetimes. The explicit solutions include the magnetized version of the higher dimensional Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black holes, Myers-Perry black holes and five dimensional (dipole) black rings. The basic physical quantities of the magnetized objects are calculated. We also discuss some properties of the solutions and their thermodynamics. The ultrarelativistic limits of the magnetized solutions are briefly discussed and an explicit example is given for the $D$-dimensional magnetized Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black holes.Comment: LaTeX, 23 pages; v2 references and comments added, some typos corrected;v3 minor change

ChatAnything: Facetime Chat with LLM-Enhanced Personas

In this technical report, we target generating anthropomorphized personas for LLM-based characters in an online manner, including visual appearance, personality and tones, with only text descriptions. To achieve this, we first leverage the in-context learning capability of LLMs for personality generation by carefully designing a set of system prompts. We then propose two novel concepts: the mixture of voices (MoV) and the mixture of diffusers (MoD) for diverse voice and appearance generation. For MoV, we utilize the text-to-speech (TTS) algorithms with a variety of pre-defined tones and select the most matching one based on the user-provided text description automatically. For MoD, we combine the recent popular text-to-image generation techniques and talking head algorithms to streamline the process of generating talking objects. We termed the whole framework as ChatAnything. With it, users could be able to animate anything with any personas that are anthropomorphic using just a few text inputs. However, we have observed that the anthropomorphic objects produced by current generative models are often undetectable by pre-trained face landmark detectors, leading to failure of the face motion generation, even if these faces possess human-like appearances because those images are nearly seen during the training (e.g., OOD samples). To address this issue, we incorporate pixel-level guidance to infuse human face landmarks during the image generation phase. To benchmark these metrics, we have built an evaluation dataset. Based on it, we verify that the detection rate of the face landmark is significantly increased from 57.0% to 92.5% thus allowing automatic face animation based on generated speech content. The code and more results can be found at https://chatanything.github.io/

Efficient metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes with significantly improved light extraction on nanophotonic substrates.

Metal halide perovskite has emerged as a promising material for light-emitting diodes. In the past, the performance of devices has been improved mainly by optimizing the active and charge injection layers. However, the large refractive index difference among different materials limits the overall light extraction. Herein, we fabricate efficient methylammonium lead bromide light-emitting diodes on nanophotonic substrates with an optimal device external quantum efficiency of 17.5% which is around twice of the record for the planar device based on this material system. Furthermore, optical modelling shows that a high light extraction efficiency of 73.6% can be achieved as a result of a two-step light extraction process involving nanodome light couplers and nanowire optical antennas on the nanophotonic substrate. These results suggest that utilization of nanophotonic structures can be an effective approach to achieve high performance perovskite light-emitting diodes

Physical Layer Authentication under Intelligent Spoofing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Location based access in wireless sensor networks (WSN) are vulnerable to location spoofing attacks. In this paper, we investigate the physical layer (PHY-layer) authentication in the threat of an intelligent location spoofing attack. The intelligent attack can emulate the legitimate channel information and maximize its long-term cumulative reward. First, we analyze the feasibility of this intelligent attack and investigate how it threats to the networks. Specifically, we derive the optimal transmit power allocation and find the worst case for the defenders, namely optimal intelligent attack, in which the attacker can learn the intelligent attack action based on the beamforming with optimal transmit power allocation. To defend against such an intelligent attack with high accuracy and low overhead, we develop a cooperative PHY-layer authentication scheme. Then, we provide an in-depth analysis on the belief and derive the belief bounds and the closed-form expression for the belief threshold. Furthermore, considering the whole computation complexity and the double counting problem in a loopy graph, we propose the cooperative neighbour selection algorithm to accelerate belief convergence and reduce the overhead. Finally, the simulation results reveal that the proposed method can significantly improve the defense performance compared with the state-of-art methods

Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in disuse osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a major skeletal disease with low bone mineral density, which leads to an increased risk of bone fracture. Salubrinal is a synthetic chemical that inhibits dephosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α) in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. To understand possible linkage of osteoporosis to ER stress, we employed an unloading mouse model and examined the effects of salubrinal in the pathogenesis of disuse osteoporosis. The results presented several lines of evidence that osteoclastogenesis in the development of osteoporosis was associated with ER stress, and salubrinal suppressed unloading-induced bone loss. Compared to the age-matched control, unloaded mice reduced the trabecular bone area/total area (B.Ar/T.Ar) as well as the number of osteoblasts, and they increased the osteoclasts number on the trabecular bone surface in a time-dependent way. Unloading-induced disuse osteoporosis significantly increased the expression of Bip, p-eIF2α and ATF4 in short-term within 6 h of tail suspension, but time-dependent decreased in HU2d to HU14d. Furthermore, a significant correlation of ER stress with the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts was observed. Administration of salubrinal suppressed the unloading-induced decrease in bone mineral density, B.Ar/T.Ar and mature osteoclast formation. Salubrinal also increased the colony-forming unit-fibroblasts and colony-forming unit-osteoblasts. It reduced the formation of mature osteoclasts, suppressed their migration and adhesion, and increased the expression of Bip, p-eIF2α and ATF4. Electron microscopy showed that rough endoplasmic reticulum expansion and a decreased number of ribosomes on ER membrane were observed in osteoblast of unloading mice, and the abnormal ER expansion was significantly improved by salubrinal treatment. A TUNEL assay together with CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) expression indicated that ER stress-induced osteoblast apoptosis was rescued by salubrinal. Collectively, the results support the notion that ER stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of disuse osteoporosis, and salubrinal attenuates unloading-induced bone loss by altering proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts via eIF2α signaling

Relation between surface solitons and bulk solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media

We find that a surface soliton in nonlocal nonlinear media can be regarded as a half of a bulk soliton with an antisymmetric amplitude distribution. The analytical solutions for the surface solitons and breathers in strongly nonlocal media are obtained, and the critical power and breather period are gotten analytically and confirmed by numerical simulations. In addition, the oscillating propagation of nonlocal surface solitons launched away from the stationary position is considered as the interaction between the soliton and its out-of-phase image beam. Its trajectory and oscillating period obtained by our model are in good agreement with the numerical simulations.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, 39 reference, Accepted by Opt. Expres

Anti-Cocaine Compositions and Treatment

Embodiments of the invention disclosed herein generally relate to anti-cocaine therapeutics. Specifically, some embodiments of the invention relate to highly efficient, thermostable, and long-lasting cocaine esterase (CocE) mutants that can protect against the toxic and reinforcing effects of cocaine in subjects. Provided herein are mutant CocE polypeptides displaying thermostable esterase activity. Also provided are methods of treating cocaine-induced conditions in a subject in need via administration of mutant CocE as well as methods for high-throughput screening of candidate esterase polypeptides