INFLUENCE OF TANGENTIAL CUTTING FORCE ON A STRESS STATE OF GRINDING INSTRUMENT

Estimation of influence of tangential cutting force on a stress state of grinding instrument

Contextual variety, Internet-of-things and the choice of tailoring over platform : mass customisation strategy in supply chain management

This paper considers the implications for Supply Chain Management from the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) or Internet Connected Objects (ICO). We focus on the opportunities and challenges arising from consumption data as a result of ICO and how this can be translated into a provider’s strategy of offering different varieties of products. In our model, we consider two possible strategies: tailoring strategy and platform strategy. Tailoring strategy implies that a provider produces multiple varieties of a product that meet consumers’ needs. Platform strategy depicts the provider’s actions in offering a flexible and standardised platform which enables consumers’ needs to be met by incorporating personal ICO data onto various customisable applications independently produced by other providers that could be called on in context and on demand. We derive conditions under which each of the strategies may be profitable for the provider through maximising consumers’ value. We conclude by considering the implications for SCM research and practice including an extension of postponement taxonomies to include the customer as the completer of the product

Modeling the long term dynamics of pre-vaccination pertussis

The dynamics of strongly immunizing childhood infections is still not well understood. Although reports of successful modeling of several incidence data records can be found in the literature, the key determinants of the observed temporal patterns have not been clearly identified. In particular, different models of immunity waning and degree of protection applied to disease and vaccine induced immunity have been debated in the literature on pertussis. Here we study the effect of disease acquired immunity on the long term patterns of pertussis prevalence. We compare five minimal models, all of which are stochastic, seasonally forced, well-mixed models of infection based on susceptible-infective-recovered dynamics in a closed population. These models reflect different assumptions about the immune response of naive hosts, namely total permanent immunity, immunity waning, immunity waning together with immunity boosting, reinfection of recovered, and repeat infection after partial immunity waning. The power spectra of the output prevalence time series characterize the long term dynamics of the models. For epidemiological parameters consistent with published data for pertussis, the power spectra show quantitative and even qualitative differences that can be used to test their assumptions by comparison with ensembles of several decades long pre-vaccination data records. We illustrate this strategy on two publicly available historical data sets.Comment: paper (31 pages, 11 figures, 1 table) and supplementary material (19 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables

The Formation and Evaluation of the Potential of Strategic Changes at Enterprise

The points of view of various domestic scholars concerning the definition of the term of «change» are considered, the concepts of the enterprise potential, potential of changes and potential of strategic changes at enterprise are analyzed. Necessity of formation of potential of strategic changes as a basis of development of enterprise is substantiated. A classification of types of potential of strategic changes depending on the methods of changes is suggested, methods for evaluating the potential of strategic changes are considered. A conceptual scheme of formation of strategic changes potential is elaborated, which defines: types of potential of strategic changes, methods and models of evaluation of potential of strategic changes, stages of formation and instruments for development of potential of strategic changes. The potential of strategic changes is the basis of materialization of enterprise’s ability as to development and is considered as an aggregate of possibilities for transition of the enterprise from the current status to a qualitatively new one, that is provided by using material, financial, innovative, informational, human, organizational resources

Understanding happiness in cities using Twitter : jobs, children and transport

The demographics and landscape of cities are changing rapidly, and there is an emphasis to better understand the factors which influence citizen happiness in order to design smarter urban systems. Few studies have attempted to understand how large-scale sentiment maps to urban human geography. Inferring sentiment from social media data is one such scalable solution. In this paper, we apply natural language processing (NLP) techniques to 0.4 million geo-tagged Tweets in the Greater London area to understand the influence of socioeconomic and urban geography parameters on happiness. Our results not only verify established thinking: that job opportunities correlate with positive sentiments; but also reveal two insights: (1) happiness is negatively correlated with number of children, and (2) happiness has a U-shaped (parabolic) relationship with access to public transportation. The latter implies that the happiest people are those who have good access to public transport, or such poor access that they use private transportation. The number of jobs, children, and transportation availability are every day facets of urban living and individually account for up to 47% of the variations in people’s happiness. Our results show that they influence happiness more significantly than long term socioeconomic parameters such as degradation, education, income, housing, and crime. This study will enable urban planners and system designers to move beyond the traditional cost-benefit methodology and to incorporate citizens’ happiness

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ПОЭТИЧЕСКИХ ПЕРЕВОДОВ БАЛЛАДЫ Х. БОТЕВА «ХАДЖИ ДИМИТР»

The article considers the Russian and English translations of Bulgarian poet Hristo Botev’s ballad “Hadzhi Dimitar”. It aims to compare the original text to its translations as well as several translations to each another in order to identify linguistic and expressive means.Данная статья посвящена изучению переводов баллады болгарского поэта Христо Ботева «Хаджи Димитр» на русский и английский языки. В основе лежит не только сравнение оригинала с переводом, но и нескольких переводов между собой с целью выявления языковых и художественных особенностей

Treatment with a new peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist, pyridinecarboxylic acid derivative, increases angiogenesis and reduces inflammatory mediators in the heart of Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice

Trypanosoma cruzi infection induces an intense inflammatory response in diverse host tissues. The immune response and the microvascular abnormalities associated with infection are crucial aspects in the generation of heart damage in Chagas disease. Upon parasite uptake, macrophages, which are involved in the clearance of infection, increase inflammatory mediators, leading to parasite killing. The exacerbation of the inflammatory response may lead to tissue damage. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR\u3b3) is a ligand-dependent nuclear transcription factor that exerts important anti-inflammatory effects and is involved in improving endothelial functions and proangiogenic capacities. In this study, we evaluated the intermolecular interaction between PPAR\u3b3 and a new synthetic PPAR\u3b3 ligand, HP24, using virtual docking. Also, we showed that early treatment with HP24, decreases the expression of NOS2, a pro-inflammatory mediator, and stimulates proangiogenic mediators (vascular endothelial growth factor A, CD31, and Arginase I) both in macrophages and in the heart of T. cruzi-infected mice. Moreover, HP24 reduces the inflammatory response, cardiac fibrosis and the levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-\u3b1, interleukin 6) released by macrophages of T. cruzi-infected mice. We consider that PPAR\u3b3 agonists might be useful as coadjuvants of the antiparasitic treatment of Chagas disease, to delay, reverse, or preclude the onset of heart damage

Radiomics for the detection of diffusely impaired myocardial perfusion: A proof-of-concept study using 13N-ammonia positron emission tomography

AIM The current proof-of-concept study investigates the value of radiomic features from normal 13N-ammonia positron emission tomography (PET) myocardial retention images to identify patients with reduced global myocardial flow reserve (MFR). METHODS Data from 100 patients with normal retention 13N-ammonia PET scans were divided into two groups, according to global MFR (i.e., < 2 and ≥ 2), as derived from quantitative PET analysis. We extracted radiomic features from retention images at each of five different gray-level (GL) discretization (8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 bins). Outcome independent and dependent feature selection and subsequent univariate and multivariate analyses was performed to identify image features predicting reduced global MFR. RESULTS A total of 475 radiomic features were extracted per patient. Outcome independent and dependent feature selection resulted in a remainder of 35 features. Discretization at 16 bins (GL16) yielded the highest number of significant predictors of reduced MFR and was chosen for the final analysis. GLRLM_GLNU was the most robust parameter and at a cut-off of 948 yielded an accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive value of 67%, 74%, 58%, 64%, and 69%, respectively, to detect diffusely impaired myocardial perfusion. CONCLUSION A single radiomic feature (GLRLM_GLNU) extracted from visually normal 13N-ammonia PET retention images independently predicts reduced global MFR with moderate accuracy. This concept could potentially be applied to other myocardial perfusion imaging modalities based purely on relative distribution patterns to allow for better detection of diffuse disease

Time for change : Transitions between HIV risk levels and determinants of behavior change in men who have sex with men

Funding Information: This project was funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development ZonMw grant 522004009. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD