An Analysis of Internal Gravity Wave Tunnelling in a Stratified Region Along with Rotation

The internal gravity wave tunnelling in presence of earths rotation is studied for different density barriers. An exponential approximation used reveals the existence of evanescence in the barrier region which signifies the trapping of wave energy in the tunnelling region. The Transmission coefficients are computed for different density barriers and the comparative study shows that across the locally mixed region the transmission is enhanced. The asymptotic analysis of the transmission co-efficient using the rotational parameter reveals the convergence and the graphs shows that the transmission decreases continuously and leads to the non-rotating case. The results are compared with the non-rotations case and we observe that the evanescence caused by the rotation makes the waves travel more along the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction

Development and analytical performance evaluation of an automated chemiluminescent immunoassay for pro-gastrin releasing peptide (ProGRP)

Background: Pro-gastrin releasing peptide ( ProGRP) concentrations in blood play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The automated quantitative ARCHITECT (R) ProGRP assay was developed to aid in the differential diagnosis and in the management of SCLC. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analytical performance of this chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay at multiple sites. Methods: ARCHITECT ProGRP measures ProGRP using a two-step sandwich using monoclonal anti-ProGRP antibodies coated on paramagnetic microparticles and labeled with acridinium. Analytical performance of the assay was evaluated at four sites: Abbott Japan, Denka Seiken, the Johns Hopkins University, and the University of Munich. Results: Total precision (%CV) for nine analyte concentrations was between 2.2 and 5.7. The analytical sensitivity of the assay was between 0.20 pg/mL and 0.88 pg/mL. The functional sensitivity at 20% CV was between 0.66 pg/mL and 1.73 pg/mL. The assay was linear up to 50,000 pg/mL using a 1:10 autodilution protocol. The calibration curve was stable for 30 days. Comparison with the Fujirebio microtiter plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EIA) ProGRP assay gave a slope of 0.93 and a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.99. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that the ARCHITECT ProGRP assay has excellent sensitivity, precision, and correlation to a reference method. This assay provides a convenient automated method for ProGRP measurement in serum and plasma in hospitals and clinical laboratories. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:1557-63

A versatile method for the preparation of conjugates of peptides with DNA/PNA/analog by employing chemo-selective click reaction in water

The specific 1,3 dipolar Hüisgen cycloaddition reaction known as ‘click-reaction’ between azide and alkyne groups is employed for the synthesis of peptide–oligonucleotide conjugates. The peptide nucleic acids (PNA)/DNA and peptides may be appended either by azide or alkyne groups. The cycloaddition reaction between the azide and alkyne appended substrates allows the synthesis of the desired conjugates in high purity and yields irrespective of the sequence and functional groups on either of the two substrates. The versatile approach could also be employed to generate the conjugates of peptides with thioacetamido nucleic acid (TANA) analog. The click reaction is catalyzed by Cu (I) in either water or in organic medium. In water, ∼3-fold excess of the peptide-alkyne/azide drives the reaction to completion in 2 h with no side products

Crystal structure of (2S, 4R)-2-benzyl 1-tert-butyl 4-(tosyloxy)pyrrolidine- 1,2-dicarboxylate, C24H29NO7S

C24H29NO7S, triclinic,P1(no.1),a=6.5903(3) Å,b=9.7193(5) Å,c=9.9874(4) Å,a=82.462(4)°,b=77.197(3)°,g=85.6180(4)°,V=617.7Å3,Z=1,Rgt(F)=0.0351,wRref(F2)=0.0967,T=123 K.This work was supported by the Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica, project number PB94-0578.Peer reviewe

Synthesis, characterization and hybridization studies of new nucleo-γ-peptides based on diaminobutyric acid

In the present work, we report the synthesis and the characterization of a new chiral nucleoaminoacid, in which a diaminobutyric moiety is connected to the DNA nucleobase by an amidic bond, and its oligomerization to give the corresponding nucleo-γ-peptide. The ability of this synthetic polymer to bind complementary DNA was studied in order to explore its possible use in antigene/antisense or diagnostic applications. Our interest in the presented DNA analogue was also supported by the importance of γ-aminoacid-containing compounds in natural products of biological activity and by the known stability of γ-peptides to enzymatic degradation. Furthermore, our work could contribute to the study of the role of nucleopeptides as prebiotic material in a PNA world that could successively lead to the actual DNA/RNA/protein world, as recently assumed