Using the Pairs of Lines Broadened by Collisions with Neutral and Charged Particles for Gas Temperature Determination of Argon Non-Thermal Plasmas at Atmospheric Pressure

The spectroscopic method for gas temperature determination in argon non-thermal plasmas sustained at atmospheric pressure proposed recently by Spectrochimica Acta Part B 129 14 (2017)—based on collisional broadening measurements of selected pairs of argon atomic lines, has been applied to other pairs of argon atomic lines, and the discrepancies found in some of these results have been analyzed. For validation purposes, the values of the gas temperature obtained using the different pairs of lines have been compared with the rotational temperatures derived from the OH ro-vibrational bands, using the Boltzmann-plot techniqu

Estudio de las variables pedagógicas en tareas de enseñanza del fútbol en función de la parte de sesión

The objective of this study was to analyze the pedagogical variables of the tasks designed by the pre-service teachers for the teaching of school soccer based on the parts of the session. 307 tasks designed by 6 teachers in training have been codified through the Integral System for the Analysis of the Training Tasks (SIATE). The pedagogical variables classified by this system were analyzed: game situation, goalkeeper presence, game phase, content type I and II, specific content, teaching medium, level of opposition, type of participation and Feedback. A descriptive and inferential analysis was carried out using the Chi-Square test, Cramer's V test and the Corrected Typified Waste. The results show significant differences (p <.05) in the design of the tasks for each part of the session with respect to the pedagogical variables, except in the variable type of content II.El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las variables pedagógicas de las tareas diseñadas por los profesores de pre-servicio para la enseñanza del futbol escolar en función de las partes de la sesión. Se han codificado 307 tareas diseñadas por 6 profesores en formación a través del Sistema Integral para el Análisis de las Tareas de Entrenamiento (SIATE). Se analizaron las variables pedagógicas que clasifica este sistema: situación de juego, presencia de portero, fase de juego, tipo de contenido I y II, contenido específico, medio de enseñanza, nivel de oposición, tipo de participación y Feedback. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo e inferencial mediante la prueba Chi-Cuadrado, V de Cramer y los Residuos Tipificados Corregidos. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas (p<.05) en el diseño de las tareas para cada parte de la sesión con respecto a las variables pedagógicas, excepto en la variable tipo de contenido II

O meio de ensino como determinante da carga externa das tarefas utilizadas para ensinar do futebol escolar

Resumen: Introducción: Conocer la carga externa (external Training Load, eTL) de las tareas permitirá un diseño más riguroso de las sesiones y acorde a las demandas reales del fútbol. Objetivos: Analizar la incidencia que tienen los medios empleados en las clases de Educación Física para la enseñanza del fútbol en la cuantificación de eTL. Métodos: Se categorizaron 307 tareas, diseñadas por seis profesores en fase de pre-servicio, mediante el Sistema Integral para el Análisis de las Tareas de Entrenamiento. La cuantificación de eTL de las tareas se obtuvo a través de seis variables: grado de oposición, densidad de la tarea, porcentaje de ejecutantes simultáneos, carga competitiva, espacio de juego e implicación cognitiva. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo e inferencial a través de los Residuos Tipificados Corregidos (RTC) de las tablas de contingencia y se analizaron las diferencias entre los medios a través de las pruebas estadísticas H de Kruskal-Wallis y U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados y discusión: Los resultados inferenciales muestran diferencias significativas en la eTL (x2=202.775; p=.000; d=2.782) y en la eTL*Tiempo (x2=135.475; p=.000; d=1.763) en función de los medios de enseñanza. Estas diferencias se deben a la modificación de los parámetros estructurales y formales de las tareas. Conclusiones: Los profesores analizados emplean con mayor frecuencia los ejercicios, provocando éstos una eTL muy-baja. Los juegos específicos y el deporte/minideporte provocan niveles más altos de eTL debido al mayor aprovechamiento del grado de oposición, la carga competitiva y la implicación cognitiva durante la organización de las tareas.Abstract: Introduction: Knowing the external Training Load (eTL) of the tasks will allow a more rigorous design and according to the real demands of soccer. Aims: Analyze the incidence of the means of teaching used in Physical Education classes for teaching soccer in the quantification of eTL. Methods: A total of 307 tasks, designed by six pre-service teachers, were categorized through the Integral System for Training Task Analysis. The quantification of the eTL was obtained through six variables: degree of opposition, density of the task, percentage of simultaneous performers, competitive load, game area and cognitive involvement. A descriptive and inferential analysis were performed using the Adjusted Standardized Residuals (ASR) of the contingency tables. The differences between the means of teaching were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U statistical tests. Results & discussion: There are significant differences in the eTL (x2=202.775; p=.000; d=2.782) and in the eTL*Time (x2=135.475; p=.000; d=1.763) depending on the means of teaching. The modification of the structural and formal parameters of the tasks caused these differences. Conclusions: The analyzed teachers used the exercises more frequently, causing these a very low eTL. The specific games and sport/mini-sport caused higher levels of eTL due to the greater use the degree of opposition, the competitive load and the cognitive implication during the organization of tasks.Resumo: Introdução: Conhecer a carga externa (external Training Load, eTL) das tarefas permitira um design mais rigoroso das sessões e de acordo com as demandas reais do futebol. Objectivos: Analisar a incidência que têm os meios usados nas aulas de Educação Física para o ensino do futebol na quantificação de eTL. Métodos: 307 tarefas, desenhado por seis professores na fase de pré-serviço, foram categorizadas através do Sistema Integral de Análise das Tarefas de Treinamento. A quantificação do eTL das tarefas obteve-se através de seis variáveis: grau de oposição, densidade das tarefas, porcentagem de executores simultâneos, carga competitiva, espaço do jogo e implicação cognitiva. A análise descritiva e inferencial foi realizada através dos Resíduos Tipificados Corrigidos (RTC) das tabelas de contingência e as diferenças entre os meios foram analisados através dos testes estatísticos H de Kruskal-Wallis e U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados e discussão: Os resultados inferenciais mostram diferenças significativas no eTL (x2=202.775, p=.000, d=2.778) e no eTL*Time (x2=135.475, p=.000, d=1.763) em funçao dos meios de ensino. Estas diferenças devem-se à modificação dos parâmetros estruturais e formais das tarefas. Conclusões: Os professores analisados usam os exercícios mais frequentemente, estão a causar um eTL muito baixo. Os Jogos específicos e desporto/minidesporto causam níveis mais altos de eTL devido ao aumento do uso do grau de oposição, da carga competitiva e da implicação cognitiva durante a organização das tarefas

Influence of TFAP2B and KCTD15 genetic variability on personality dimensions in anorexia and bulimia nervosa

INTRODUCCIÓN: TFAP2B y KCTD15 son genes relacionados con la obesidad que interactúan para regular el comportamiento de alimentación. Nuestra hipótesis es que la variabilidad en estos loci, aislada o en combinación, también podría estar relacionada con el riesgo de trastornos de la alimentación (DE) y / o rasgos psicológicos asociados. MÉTODOS: Seleccionamos a 425 participantes (169 pacientes con DE, 75 sujetos obesos y 181 controles) para 10 polimorfismos de nucleótido único (SNP) clínicamente relevantes y marcados en KCTD15 y TFAP2B por la plataforma Sequenom MassARRAY y la secuenciación directa. La evaluación psicométrica se realizó con los inventarios de EDI-2 y SCL-90R. RESULTADOS: El alelo variante KCTD15 rs287103 T se asoció con un mayor riesgo de bulimia nerviosa (BN) (OR = 4.34 [1.47–29.52]; p = .003) y con puntuaciones de escalas psicopatológicas de estos pacientes. El haplotipo * 6 en KCTD15 fue más frecuente en los controles (OR = 0,40 [0,20-0,80], p = .009 para la anorexia nerviosa), mientras que el haplotipo * 4 en TFAP2B afectó las tres escalas del inventario SCL ‐ 90R en pacientes BN (p ≤ .01). Los análisis de epistasis revelaron interacciones relevantes con el índice de masa corporal de los pacientes con BN (p <.001). Los perfiles genéticos en pacientes obesos no difirieron significativamente de los encontrados en pacientes con DE. CONCLUSIONES: Este es el primer estudio que evalúa el papel combinado de los genes TFAP2B y KCTD15 en la DE. Nuestros hallazgos preliminares sugieren que la interacción de la variabilidad genética en estos loci podría influir en el riesgo de disfunción eréctil y / o parámetros antropométricos y psicológicos.INTRODUCTION: TFAP2B and KCTD15 are obesity‐related genes that interact to regulate feeding behavior. We hypothesize that variability in these loci, isolated or in combination, could also be related to the risk of eating disorders (ED) and/or associated psychological traits. METHODS: We screened 425 participants (169 ED patients, 75 obese subjects, and 181 controls) for 10 clinically relevant and tag single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in KCTD15 and TFAP2B by the Sequenom MassARRAY platform and direct sequencing. Psychometric evaluation was performed with EDI‐2 and SCL‐90R inventories. RESULTS: The KCTD15 rs287103 T variant allele was associated with increased risk of bulimia nervosa (BN) (OR = 4.34 [1.47–29.52]; p = .003) and with scores of psychopathological scales of these patients. Haplotype *6 in KCTD15 was more frequent in controls (OR = 0.40 [0.20–0.80], p = .009 for anorexia nervosa), while haplotype *4 in TFAP2B affected all three scales of the SCL‐90R inventory in BN patients (p ≤ .01). Epistasis analyses revealed relevant interactions with body mass index of BN patients (p < .001). Genetic profiles in obese patients did not significantly differ from those found in ED patients. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study that evaluates the combined role of TFAP2B and KCTD15 genes in ED. Our preliminary findings suggest that the interaction of genetic variability in these loci could influence the risk for ED and/or anthropometric and psychological parameters.• Alicia Koplowitz Foundation • Junta de Extremadura. Ayuda GR15012 • Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal). Beca postdoctoral SFRH/BPD/109043/2015, para David dos Santos AlbuquerquepeerReviewe

Tumours in the pineal region in the paediatric age: Reports of 23 cases and a review of the literature

Introducción. Los tumores de la región pineal se localizan en una encrucijada de estructuras neurovasculares de difícil acceso quirúrgico y limitadas posibilidades de resección; por ello, el manejo de estas lesiones habitualmente requiere la asociación de tratamiento adyuvante radioterápico y/o quimioterápico. Pacientes y métodos. Análisis retrospectivo de las características epidemiológicas, clínicas, neurorradiológicas y anatomopatológicas de 23 pacientes con tumores de la región pineal tratados entre los años 1997 y 2010 en el Hospital Infantil Niño Jesús. Se discuten los factores implicados en el pronóstico de esta cohorte tras el tratamiento quirúrgico o adyuvante. Resultados. El estudio incluyó 6 niñas y 17 niños con edades comprendidas entre los 4 meses y 18 años. El 95% de los pacientes comenzó con signos de hidrocefalia aguda o subaguda, que precisaron la implantación de una derivación ventriculoperitoneal (82%). Se obtuvo una muestra histológica tumoral en todos los casos. Cinco pacientes fueron biopsiados y 18 fueron intervenidos mediante craneotomía. El germinoma (ocho casos) y el teratoma maduro (un caso) fueron los tumores con mayor supervivencia; los tumores no germinomatosos (tres casos), del parénquima pineal (cuatro casos) y gliomas (cinco casos) presentaron mayor tasa de recidiva y un peor pronóstico. Conclusión. El estudio de marcadores tumorales permite orientar el diagnóstico de determinados tumores de la región pineal. Actualmente, se recomienda realizar una toma histológica tumoral para establecer un diagnóstico preciso y un tratamiento oncológico específicoIntroduction. Tumours in the pineal region are located at a meeting point of several neurovascular structures that are difficult to reach surgically and for which the possibility of resection is limited; as a result the management of these lesions usually requires associated adjunctive treatment with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Patients and methods. This study is a retrospective analysis of the epidemiological, clinical, neuroimaging and pathological characteristics of 23 patients with tumours in the pineal region who were treated between the years 1997 and 2010 in the Hospital Infantil Niño Jesús. The factors involved in the prognosis of this cohort following surgical or adjunctive treatment are also discussed. Results. Subjects included in the study were 6 girls and 17 boys with ages ranging from 4 months to 18 years. It was found that the initial symptoms in 95% of the patients were signs of acute or subacute hydrocephalus, which required the placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (82%). A histological sample of the tumour tissue was collected in all cases. Biopsy samples were taken in the case of five patients and 18 underwent surgery involving a craniotomy. Germinoma (eight cases) and mature teratoma (one case) were the tumours with the longest survival times; non-germinomatous tumours (three cases), those of the pineal parenchyma (four cases) and gliomas (five cases) presented the highest rates of recurrence and a poorer prognosis. Conclusions. The study of tumour markers can be used to guide the diagnosis of certain tumours of the pineal region. At present, the recommended procedure involves taking a histological sample of the tumour in order to establish an accurate diagnosis and a specific oncological treatmen

Variable expression of cerebral cavernous malformations in carriers of a premature termination codon in exon 17 of the Krit1 gene

BACKGROUND: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) present as either sporadic or autosomal dominant conditions with incomplete penetrance of symptoms. Differences in genetic and environmental factors might be minimized among first-degree relatives. We therefore studied clinical expression in a family with several affected members. METHODS: We studied a three-generation family with the onset of CCM as a cerebral haemorrhage in the younger (four-year-old) sibling. Identification and enumeration of CCMs were performed in T2-weighted or gradient-echo MRIs of the whole brains. Genetic analysis comprised SCCP, sequencing and restriction polymorphism of the Krit1 gene in the proband and at risk relatives. RESULTS: The phenotypes of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) in carriers of Krit1 mutations were very variable. We identified a novel frameshift mutation caused by a 1902A insertion in exon 17 of the Krit1 gene, which leads to a premature TAA triplet and predicts the truncating phenotype Y634X. A very striking finding was the absence of both clinical symptoms and CCMs in the eldest sibling harbouring the 1902insA. CONCLUSIONS: Patients in this family, harbouring the same mutation, illustrate the very variable clinical and radiological expression of a Krit1 mutation. The early and critical onset in the proband contrasts with minor clinical findings in affected relatives. This consideration is important in genetic counselling

Clinical Outcomes of a Zika Virus Mother-Child Pair Cohort in Spain

BACKGROUND: Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with congenital microcephaly and other neurodevelopmental abnormalities. There is little published research on the effect of maternal ZIKV infection in a non-endemic European region. We aimed to describe the outcomes of pregnant travelers diagnosed as ZIKV-infected in Spain, and their exposed children. METHODS: This prospective observational cohort study of nine referral hospitals enrolled pregnant women (PW) who travelled to endemic areas during their pregnancy or the two previous months, or those whose sexual partners visited endemic areas in the previous 6 months. Infants of ZIKV-infected mothers were followed for about two years. RESULTS: ZIKV infection was diagnosed in 163 PW; 112 (70%) were asymptomatic and 24 (14.7%) were confirmed cases. Among 143 infants, 14 (9.8%) had adverse outcomes during follow-up; three had a congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), and 11 other potential Zika-related outcomes. The overall incidence of CZS was 2.1% (95%CI: 0.4-6.0%), but among infants born to ZIKV-confirmed mothers, this increased to 15.8% (95%CI: 3.4-39.6%). CONCLUSIONS: A nearly 10% overall risk of neurologic and hearing adverse outcomes was found in ZIKV-exposed children born to a ZIKV-infected traveler PW. Longer-term follow-up of these children is needed to assess whether there are any later-onset manifestations

Genome-wide association analysis of dementia and its clinical endophenotypes reveal novel loci associated with Alzheimer's disease and three causality networks : The GR@ACE project

Introduction: Large variability among Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases might impact genetic discoveries and complicate dissection of underlying biological pathways. Methods: Genome Research at Fundacio ACE (GR@ACE) is a genome-wide study of dementia and its clinical endophenotypes, defined based on AD's clinical certainty and vascular burden. We assessed the impact of known AD loci across endophenotypes to generate loci categories. We incorporated gene coexpression data and conducted pathway analysis per category. Finally, to evaluate the effect of heterogeneity in genetic studies, GR@ACE series were meta-analyzed with additional genome-wide association study data sets. Results: We classified known AD loci into three categories, which might reflect the disease clinical heterogeneity. Vascular processes were only detected as a causal mechanism in probable AD. The meta-analysis strategy revealed the ANKRD31-rs4704171 and NDUFAF6-rs10098778 and confirmed SCIMP-rs7225151 and CD33-rs3865444. Discussion: The regulation of vasculature is a prominent causal component of probable AD. GR@ACE meta-analysis revealed novel AD genetic signals, strongly driven by the presence of clinical heterogeneity in the AD series