Effects of turmeric powder on intestinal and biliary functions: The influence of curcuminoids concentration on spontaneous contractility

Two turmeric food powders (C1 and C2) were studied for curcuminoid content and their effects on the guinea pig intestinal tract in vitro. C1 contained a higher curcuminoid content than C2 (5.22% vs 2.31%). C1 and C2 increased gallbladder (similar to 10%) and biliary smooth muscle tone (similar to 15%), without affecting the sphincter of Oddi smooth muscle contractility. C2 was more effective than C1 in lowering ileum tone (-22% vs -37%), whereas the reverse occurred in the colon (-50% vs 20%). Standard Fast Fourier transforms and absolute powers analysis of the frequency bands highlighted that, in the bile duct, C2 induced contractions of higher variability and ampler oscillations of low-frequency waves. At the Oddi sphincter, C1 had a biphasic effect, increasing and then drastically decreasing the oscillations. The same occurred with C2 in the ileum, while both samples reduced the fluctuations in the colon

Pediatric admissions to emergency departments of North-Western Italy during COVID-19 pandemic: A retrospective observational study

COVID-19 pandemic caused huge decrease of pediatric admissions to Emergency Department (ED), arising concerns about possible delays in diagnosis and treatment of severe disorders

Termoestabilidade da vacina contra a raiva, tipo Fuenzalida & Palacios, uso humano

Ten lots of Fuenzalida & Palacios type antirabies vaccine for human use, produced at the Instituto Butantan (São Paulo, Brazil) were stored at temperatures of 45, 37, 28 and 2-8ºC. The potency of each lot was determined in samples taken at varied time intervals using the NIH method and lots presenting antigenic values >; 0,3 were considered satisfactory for use. After 2 hours at 45ºC the antigenic value of one out of 10 lots tested was found to be less than the minimum required value. At 37ºC all lots maintained satisfactory antigenic values until the third day of storage, whilst at 28 and 2-8ºC the potency was fully maintained, respectivelly for 10 and 360 days. At the ideal temperature of 2-8ºC, 100% of the tested vaccines maintained the minimum required antigenicity for a longer period (16 months) than the expiry time of 6-12 months usually recommended for this type of biological produced in Latin American and Caribbean countries. Thus, the obtained data suggested that in countries still producing Fuenzalida & Palacios type vaccine, the expiry time could be extended to 16 months, what could prevent the unnecessary discarding of products still in useful condition.Dez lotes de vacina contra a Raiva, tipo Fuenzalida & Palacios, líquida, uso humano, produzidos no Instituto Butantan, foram estocados às temperaturas de 45, 37, 28 e 2-8ºC. Amostras de cada lote, colhidas a intervalos de tempo que variavam com a temperatura de estocagem, tiveram sua potência (valor antigênico) determinada pelo método do N.I.H. Foram consideradas satisfatórias vacinas portadoras de um valor antigênico (VA) >;0,3. Foi verificado que apenas um dos lotes apresentou VA inferior ao mínimo requerido, após 2 h de exposição a 45ºC. Todos os lotes mantiveram VA satisfatório até 3 dias de armazenamento de 37ºC, enquanto que, a 28 e 2-8ºC, o mesmo ocorreu com 10 e 360 dias, respectivamente. À temperatura ideal de armazenamento (2-8ºC), 100% dos lotes retiveram a potência mínima por período de tempo mais longo (16 meses) do que o prazo de validade (12 meses), o que permite sugerir que a validade da vacina contra a Raiva, que nos países da América Latina e Caribe é de 6 a 12 meses, poderia ser ampliada para 16 meses, de modo a evitar o descarte de produto em condições de uso

Paediatric arterial ischaemic stroke and cerebral sinovenous thrombosis: First report from the Italian registry of pediatric thrombosis (R. I. T. I., Registro Italiano Trombosi Infantili)

reserved55noData from large case series of children with cerebral thrombotic events are pivotal to improve prevention, early recognition and treatment of these conditions. The Italian Registry of Pediatric Thrombosis (R. I. T. I.) was established in 2007 by a multidisciplinary team, aiming for a better understanding of neonatal and paediatric thrombotic events in Italy and providing a preliminary source of data for the future development of specific clinical trials and diagnostic-therapeutic protocols. We analysed data relative to the paediatric cerebral thrombotic events of the R. I. T. I. which occurred between January 2007 and June 2012. In the study period, 79 arterial ischaemic stroke (AIS) events (49 in males) and 91 cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT) events (65 in males) were enrolled in the R. I. T. I. Mean age at onset was 4.5 years in AIS, and 7.1 years in CSVT. Most common modes of presentation were hemiparesis, seizures and speech disturbances in AIS, and headache, seizures and lethargy in CSVT. Most common etiologies were underlying chronic diseases, vasculopathy and cardiopathy in AIS, and underlying chronic diseases and infection in CSVT. Time to diagnosis exceeded 24 hours in 46% AIS and 59% CSVT. Overall data from the Italian Registry are in substantial agreement with those from the literature, despite small differences. Among these, a longer time to diagnosis compared to other registries and case series poses the accent to the need of an earlier recognition of paediatric cerebrovascular events in Italy, in order to enable prompt and effective treatment strategies.mixedSuppiej A.; Gentilomo C.; Saracco P.; Sartori S.; Agostini M.; Bagna R.; Bassi B.; Giordano P.; Grassi M.; Guzzetta A.; Lasagni D.; Luciani M.; Molinari A.C.; Palmieri A.; Putti M.C.; Ramenghi L.A.; Rota L.L.; Sperli D.; Laverda A.M.; Simioni P.; Angriman M.; Aru A.B.; Barisone E.; Bartalena L.; Berta M.; Bertoni E.; Cancarini P.; Cavaliere E.; Celle M.E.; Cerbone A.M.; Cesaroni E.; Via L.D.; Dell'Oro M.G.; Di Rosa G.; Ferrari G.M.; Fiori S.; Gaffuri M.; Gallina M.R.; Gimmillaro A.; Grandone E.; Ladogana S.; Laforgia N.; La Piana R.; Maschio F.; Miniero R.; Nosadini M.; Panzeri D.; Petrucci A.; Piersigilli F.; Sala D.; Sangermani R.; Santoro N.; Tufano A.; Ventura G.; Vittorini R.Suppiej, A.; Gentilomo, C.; Saracco, P.; Sartori, S.; Agostini, M.; Bagna, R.; Bassi, B.; Giordano, P.; Grassi, M.; Guzzetta, A.; Lasagni, D.; Luciani, M.; Molinari, A. C.; Palmieri, A.; Putti, M. C.; Ramenghi, L. A.; Rota, L. L.; Sperli, D.; Laverda, A. M.; Simioni, P.; Angriman, M.; Aru, A. B.; Barisone, E.; Bartalena, L.; Berta, M.; Bertoni, E.; Cancarini, P.; Cavaliere, E.; Celle, M. E.; Cerbone, A. M.; Cesaroni, E.; Via, L. D.; Dell'Oro, M. G.; Di Rosa, G.; Ferrari, G. M.; Fiori, S.; Gaffuri, M.; Gallina, M. R.; Gimmillaro, A.; Grandone, E.; Ladogana, S.; Laforgia, N.; La Piana, R.; Maschio, F.; Miniero, R.; Nosadini, M.; Panzeri, D.; Petrucci, A.; Piersigilli, F.; Sala, D.; Sangermani, R.; Santoro, N.; Tufano, A.; Ventura, G.; Vittorini, R

Raccomandazioni cliniche in odontostomatologia

L’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità considera la salute orale come parte integrante, non solo dello stato di salute generale, ma anche della qualità della vita di ciascun individuo. In tale ottica, in accordo e con il sostegno del mondo professionale e della comunità scientifica di questo settore, le raccomandazioni cliniche in odontostomatologia contenute nel presente volume forniscono indicazioni e definiscono standard di intervento per la prevenzione e la cura delle più comuni patologie del cavo orale nonché per l’identificazione di percorsi terapeutici appropriati a supporto degli operatori pubblici e privati. Esse costituiscono, inoltre, uno strumento utile per mantenere alto il livello di qualità delle cure in questo periodo storico, nel quale, se da un lato crescono le opportunità tecniche di cura e la potenziale domanda delle stesse, dall’altro la riduzione delle risorse economiche a disposizione dei cittadini tende a limitare l’accesso all’offerta professionale privata e, al contempo, i processi di razionalizzazione dell’allocazione dei fondi nel SSN rendono più difficile l’accesso alle strutture pubbliche. L’individuazione di raccomandazioni cliniche chiaramente definite e rese pubbliche può facilitare la condivisione degli obiettivi e dei percorsi terapeutici tra odontoiatra e paziente, migliorare la comunicazione e, in ultima analisi, accrescere la fiducia sia nei riguardi del proprio specifico professionista che del “sistema delle cure” più in generale. La revisione delle “Raccomandazioni cliniche in odontostomatologia” si è resa necessaria in considerazione del cambiamento dell’evidenza scientifica, dell’immissione in commercio di nuovi materiali e dell’utilizzo di nuove tecnologie, specie in ambito protesico. Come per la precedente, alla realizzazione di questa edizione ha contribuito un ampio gruppo di docenti ed esperti delle singole branche odontoiatriche insieme alle più importanti e rappresentative Associazioni professionali e ai componenti della Commissione Albo Odontoiatri (CAO) nazionale

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data