Evaluación de tres enraizadores comerciales en la producción de plántulas de tomate indeterminado (Solanum lycopersicum (L.) Lam)

Objective: To evaluate the development of undetermined tomato seedlings under protected conditions, applying three rooters and a witness to increase the production of the culture in the region. Design/methodology/ approach: it was employed through an experimental design by blocks completely at random, which consisted on four treatments belonging to each one of the blocks, where each block belonged to four unicel trays of 200 cavities of BM2 substratum, with four repetitions each one, taking 15 experimental units for treatment, making a total of 60 experimental units, having a total of 240 tomato seedlings in the whole experiment. Results: As a result, it was obtained that the Phyto Root rooter had a great effect in the height development, stem thickness, number of leaves, aerial biomass and root ball weight, important parameters that a seedling must have for its development and growth at the transplantation moment to the field. Study limitations/implications: The agronomic handle from the sowing is necessary to be uniform in all the treatments and the repetitions, in order to obtain better results due to the rooters effect. Findings/ conclusions: To obtain good quality seedlings in the moment of transplantation to the field, it is recommended to the company and to the seedling producers to employ the Phyto Root treatment, due that this was the one with the best response.Objetivo: Evaluar el desarrollo de plántula de tomate indeterminado bajo condiciones protegidas, aplicando  tres enraizadores  y un testigo para aumentar la producción del cultivo en la región. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: se utilizó bajo un diseño experimental en bloques completamente al azar, el cual consistió de cuatro tratamientos correspondiendo a cada uno de los bloques, donde cada bloque pertenecía a cuatro charolas de unicel de 200 cavidades con sustrato de BM2, con cuatro repeticiones cada uno, teniendo 15 unidades experimentales por tratamiento, sumando un total de 60 unidades experimentales, teniendo un total de 240 plántulas de tomate por todo el experimento. Resultados: Como resultado se obtuvo que el enraizador de Phyto Root  tuvo un gran efecto en cuanto al desarrollo de altura, grosor de tallo, numero de hojas, biomasa aérea y peso del cepellón, parámetros importantes que debe tener una plántula para su desarrollo y crecimiento al momento de trasplante a campo. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: El manejo agronómico desde la siembra en charolas, es necesario que sea uniforme en todos los tratamientos y las repeticiones para tener mejores resultados en cuanto el efecto de los enraizadores. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Para obtener plántulas de buena calidad en el momento de trasplante a campo se le recomienda a la empresa y a los productores de plántulas utilizar el tratamiento de Phyto Root, ya que fue la que mejor respuesta tuvo

Compuestos orgánicos volátiles de especies aromáticas como promotores de crecimiento del tomate saladette (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.)

Objetive: The present study analysed the effects of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of the foliage and flowers of Ocimum basilicum, Tagetes erecta and Origanum majorana on the growth of the Saladette tomato. Design/Method/Approach: The aromatic species in their phase of development and flowering were transplanted between grooves of tomato plants. The treatments (Association of aromatic species 1, 2 and 3 in development + tomato plant, association of aromatic species 1, 2 and 3 in flowering + tomato plant and tomato plant without association) were randomized under a completely randomized experimental design, with arrangements in blocks. The indicators of the phenology and growth of tomato plants were measured. The information was analyzed according to the ANOVA (0.05) and based on the calculated F. Next, the Tukey method (0.5) was applied. Results: The results show that the association of aromatic species offers a positive effect on the growth of tomato plants and the flowering stage showed clear results. The Tagetes erecta species produced a highly significant difference with respect to the control and Ocimum basilicum (Tukey 0.05), this showed that Marigold improves the height, diameter of the stem and the biomass of the vegetable. In addition, the Volatile Organic Compounds of T. erecta caused early flowering in the tomato (5 days). Research Limitations/ Implications:  The plantation interspersed between aromatic species and vegetables generated costs, this can be a limiting factor in the transfer of technology. Findings/Conclusions: The Volatile Organic Compounds of the aromatic species participate as plant breeders and controlling tomato stress. Thus, the primary crop or the vegetable associated with Tagetes erecta and Origanum majorana favors the height, the diameter of the stem, the biomass and presents an early flowering (5 days) obtaining an early harvest.  Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de los Compuesto Orgánicos Volátiles (COVs) del follaje y de las flores de Ocimum basilicum, Tagetes erecta y Origanum majorana, en el crecimiento del tomate Saladette. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Las especies aromáticas en su fase de desarrollo y floración se trasplantaron entre los surcos de las plantas de tomate; los tratamientos (Asociación de especies aromáticas  1, 2 y 3 en desarrollo + planta de tomate; asociación de especies aromáticas 1, 2 y 3 en floración + planta de tomate y planta tomate sin asociación) fueron aleatorizadas bajo un diseño experimental completamente al azar, con arreglos en bloques. Los indicadores de la fenología y crecimiento de las plantas de tomate fueron medidos; la información se analizó de acuerdo al ANOVA (0.05) y con base a la F calcula, se procedió con la prueba posteriori por el método de Tukey (0.05). Resultados: Los resultados demuestran que la asociación de especies aromáticas ofrece un efecto positivo en el crecimiento de las plantas de tomate; expresándose más notorios en etapa de floración de las especies aromáticas. La especie Tagetes erecta produjo una diferencia altamente significativa con respecto al testigo y Ocimum basilicum (Tukey 0.05), esto demostró que el Cempasúchil mejora la altura, diámetro del tallo y la biomasa de la hortaliza. Además, los Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles de T. erecta causaron floración temprana en el tomate (5 días). Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: La plantación intercalada entre especies aromáticas y hortalizas generó costos, ésto puede ser un factor limitante en la transferencia de tecnología. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Los compuestos orgánicos volátiles de las especies aromáticas participan como fitomejoradores y controlan el estrés del tomate. Así, el cultivo primario o la hortaliza asociado con Tagetes erecta y Origanum majorana favorece la altura, el diámetro del tallo, la biomasa y presenta una floración temprana (5 días) obteniendo una cosecha anticipada. &nbsp

Search for new Higgs bosons via same-sign top quark pair production in association with a jet in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV

A search is presented for new Higgs bosons in proton-proton (pp) collision events in which a same-sign top quark pair is produced in association with a jet, via the pp→tH/A→ttc‾ and pp→tH/A→ttu‾ processes. Here, H and A represent the extra scalar and pseudoscalar boson, respectively, of the second Higgs doublet in the generalized two-Higgs-doublet model (g2HDM). The search is based on pp collision data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138fb−1. Final states with a same-sign lepton pair in association with jets and missing transverse momentum are considered. New Higgs bosons in the 200–1000 GeV mass range and new Yukawa couplings between 0.1 and 1.0 are targeted in the search, for scenarios in which either H or A appear alone, or in which they coexist and interfere. No significant excess above the standard model prediction is observed. Exclusion limits are derived in the context of the g2HDM

Study of azimuthal anisotropy of ϒ(1S) mesons in pPb collisions at sNN = 8.16 TeV

The azimuthal anisotropy of Image 1 mesons in high-multiplicity proton-lead collisions is studied using data collected by the CMS experiment at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 8.16TeV. The Image 1 mesons are reconstructed using their dimuon decay channel. The anisotropy is characterized by the second Fourier harmonic coefficients, found using a two-particle correlation technique, in which the Image 1 mesons are correlated with charged hadrons. A large pseudorapidity gap is used to suppress short-range correlations. Nonflow contamination from the dijet background is removed using a low-multiplicity subtraction method, and the results are presented as a function of Image 1 transverse momentum. The azimuthal anisotropies are smaller than those found for charmonia in proton-lead collisions at the same collision energy, but are consistent with values found for Image 1 mesons in lead-lead interactions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV

Search for new heavy resonances decaying to WW, WZ, ZZ, WH, or ZH boson pairs in the all-jets final state in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV

A search for new heavy resonances decaying to WW, WZ, ZZ, WH, or ZH boson pairs in the all-jets final state is presented. The analysis is based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS detector in 2016–2018 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138fb−1. The search is sensitive to resonances with masses between 1.3 and 6TeV, decaying to bosons that are highly Lorentz-boosted such that each of the bosons forms a single large-radius jet. Machine learning techniques are employed to identify such jets. No significant excess over the estimated standard model background is observed. A maximum local significance of 3.6 standard deviations, corresponding to a global significance of 2.3 standard deviations, is observed at masses of 2.1 and 2.9 TeV. In a heavy vector triplet model, spin-1 Z′ and W′ resonances with masses below 4.8TeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level (CL). These limits are the most stringent to date. In a bulk graviton model, spin-2 gravitons and spin-0 radions with masses below 1.4 and 2.7TeV, respectively, are excluded at 95% CL. Production of heavy resonances through vector boson fusion is constrained with upper cross section limits at 95% CL as low as 0.1fb

Measurement of the tt¯ charge asymmetry in events with highly Lorentz-boosted top quarks in pp collisions at s=13 TeV

The measurement of the charge asymmetry in top quark pair events with highly Lorentz-boosted top quarks decaying to a single lepton and jets is presented. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1. The selection is optimized for top quarks produced with large Lorentz boosts, resulting in nonisolated leptons and overlapping jets. The top quark charge asymmetry is measured for events with a tt¯ invariant mass larger than 750 GeV and corrected for detector and acceptance effects using a binned maximum likelihood fit. The measured top quark charge asymmetry of (0.42−0.69+0.64)% is in good agreement with the standard model prediction at next-to-next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamic perturbation theory with next-to-leading-order electroweak corrections. The result is also presented for two invariant mass ranges, 750–900 and >900GeV

Measurement of the Bs0→μ+μ− decay properties and search for the B0 → μ+μ− decay in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV

Measurements are presented of the Bs0→μ+μ− branching fraction and effective lifetime, as well as results of a search for the B0→μ+μ− decay in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV at the LHC. The analysis is based on data collected with the CMS detector in 2016–2018 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140fb−1. The branching fraction of the Bs0→μ+μ− decay and the effective Bs0 meson lifetime are the most precise single measurements to date. No evidence for the B0→μ+μ− decay has been found. All results are found to be consistent with the standard model predictions and previous measurements

Measurements of azimuthal anisotropy of nonprompt D0 mesons in PbPb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV

Measurements of the elliptic (v2) and triangular (v3) azimuthal anisotropy coefficients are presented for Image 1 mesons produced in Image 2 hadron decays (nonprompt Image 1 mesons) in lead-lead collisions at sNN=5.02TeV. The results are compared with previously published charm meson anisotropies measured using prompt Image 1 mesons. The data were collected with the CMS detector in 2018 with an integrated luminosity of 0.58nb−1. Azimuthal anisotropy is sensitive to the interactions of quarks with the hot and dense medium created in heavy ion collisions. Comparing results for prompt and nonprompt Image 1 mesons can assist in understanding the mass dependence of these interactions. The nonprompt results show lower magnitudes of v2 and v3 and weaker dependences on the meson transverse momentum and collision centrality than those found for prompt Image 1 mesons. The results are in agreement with theoretical predictions that include a mass dependence in the interactions of quarks with the medium