Dental injury in general anesthesia: a comparison between direct laryngoscopy and McGRATH® VLS.

Abstract INTRODUCTION Dental injury occurs in 0.06 - 0.13 % of general anesthesia procedures requiring endotracheal intubation, and it is still a reason of complaint against anesthesiologists. Maxillary central incisors are the most common teeth injured. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to measure the forces applied on teeth using a direct laryngoscope or a McGRATH® video-laryngoscope. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 39 Anesthesiologists were divided into 2 groups, one of experienced anesthesiologists and the other of residents enrolled in the anesthesiology residency program of “Città della Salute e della Scienza” of Turin. Six intubations each were performed on a training manikin; three intubations using the standard intubation system with a traditional laryngoscope, and the other three using the McGRATH® video-laryngoscope in order to test the intubation forces exerted. A force sensor (Tekscan Flexiforce® ELF system) was applied under a customized dental bite made for maintaining the pressure sensor in the correct position. This customized device was handcrafted on the dental impression of the manikin teeth in order to register any type of pressure reported on the incisal margin of the manikin`s central incisors. The forces applied were translated and measured thanks to a force acquisition system (ELF System) for real-time force measurement data acquisition. RESULTS: Between February 2017 and May 2017, 39 anesthesiologists were enrolled in the study. The median age was 42 (IQR 31-53).70% were experienced anesthesiologists. There was statistically significant reduction of the forces directly applied to the maxillary incisors using the McGRATH® VLS, compared with the classic McGill blade (reduction of 11.44 Newton, 95%CI -14.33; -8.55, p >0.0001) CONCLUSION: The use of the McGRATH® VLS during endotracheal intubation can be useful to reduce/prevent tooth damage. In the pre-anesthesiologist visit there are certain categories of patient who have to be visited by a dentist before oro-tracheal intubation(OTI). In these categories of selected patients, the use of the McGRATH®VLS can be a viable treatment option

Buscando el vacío. Reflexiones entre líneas sobre la forma del espacio

En el presente artículo se reflexionará acerca de la esencia de la forma. La morfología estudia la lógica de la generación y las propiedades de las formas. Cuando se piensa, estudia, investiga o se generan y modelan formas, la atención cae inevitablemente –como un instinto automático– en la articulación de los elementos sintácticos que constituye la conformación de la materia, de lo sólido, de aquello que es visible y tangible. Pero si se ajusta la escala hasta llegar a la proporción humana, es decir, se sale de una relación objetual y se empieza a explorar la forma en cuanto espacialidad recorrible, diseñada por y para el hombre, se advierte que la propia vivencia y percepción de la forma está asociada al espacio; que lo que es sólido nos permite penetrar, circular, experimentándolo físicamente y transformándolo en lugar. En esta instancia de reflexión, se propone un cambio de enfoque: ¿qué sucede si, en lugar de centrarse en la forma en cuanto sólido, en cuanto construcción y fisicidad, la atención se coloca en el hueco, en la forma del vacío que la materia misma deja libre? Lo que se plantea es un cambio de posición de observación relativa al objeto de estudio. A modo de ejercicio conceptual, se observará cómo la ubicación mental cambia –o puede hacerlo– la manera de ver la realidad y, por ende, de proyectarla.In this article we will ponder on the essence of form. Morphology studies the logic that lies behind the generation and properties of shapes. When we think, study, or research how modeled forms are shaped, the attention inevitably falls –as an automatic instinct– on the articulation of those syntactic elements thatconstitute the creation of matter, of what is solid, visible and tangible. But if we adjust the scale until we match human proportions, leaving that objectified relationship and beginning to explore the shape as a spatiality that can be walked through, designed by and for men, we will realize that the experience itself and the way it is perceived are associated with space, with that void that is left for us to penetrate, to circulate, physically experiencing and transforming it into a place. At this point we suggest a change in our point of view: what if, instead of focusing on shapes as a solid, as a structure and physicality, we place our attention on what is hollow, on the shape of that void that matter itself leaves empty, unoccupied? We propose to change our position in relation to the object we study. As a conceptual exercise, we can observe how our mental location can change the way we view reality and, therefore, our way to modify it through our planning activity.ste artigo reflete sobre a essência da forma. A morfologia estuda a lógica dageração e as propriedades das formas.Quando se pensa, estuda, pesquisa ou se geram e modelam formas, a atenção caiinevitavelmente, como um instinto automático, na articulação dos elementos sintáticosque constitui a conformação da matéria, do sólido, de aquilo que é visível e tangível. Mas sea escala se ajusta até chegar à proporção humana, é dizer, se sai de uma relação objetual e secomeça a explorar a forma em quanto espacialidade possível de percorrer, desenhada pore para o homem, adverte-se que a própria vivencia e percepção da forma está associada aoespaço; que o que é sólido nos permite penetrar, circular, experimentando-o fisicamente etransformando-o em lugar. Nesta instancia de reflexão, se propõe uma troca de enfoque:que acontece se, em lugar de centrar-se na forma em quanto sólido, em quanto construçãoe fisicidade, a atenção coloca-se no buraco, na forma do vazio que a matéria mesma deixalivre? Se pranteia uma mudança de posição de observação relativa ao objeto de estudo. Amodo de exercício conceitual se observará como a localização mental muda, ou pode fazelo,a maneira de ver a realidade, e, portanto, de projetá-a

CLINICAL APPLICATION OF AUTOLOGOUSPLATELET RICH PLASMA (P.R.P.) IN THEEXTRACTION OF THIRD IMPACTEDMANDIBULAR MOLAR

The impacted third molar surgery has various limits; one of these limit is the type of surgery applied, often demolitive for the patientswith long term consequeses in the post-op period. Aim of our study is to get a better healing of soft and hard tissues with theapplications of PRP in this type of surgery. 5 patients were included in the study with these requests: the impacted or semiimpacted third molar were on both side; the acceptance of PRP tecnique on one side (considered as the case) the extraction ofthe other impacted molar as the controll side to our case; both teeth were extracted on the same day, both sockets were closedby hermetically suturing the flap; on one socket it has been inserted the platelet gel on the other side nothing. Pre operativemesurements were: 1. probing depth of both the seventh (3.7-4.7); 2. ortopantomography (OPT). Post operative measurementsincluded: 1. probing depth two months after surgery; 2. OPT at one weeek, one month, two month.One week after surgery patiens were aked about the post-op through a questionary on the course of the week, in specific theywere asked to assess a score from one to three on swelling and pain of the two side. One week after a clinician who was out of thestudy (not the surgeon) evaluated the eventual bacterial sovrainfections, the dehicence of the flaps, the eventual collateral effectsgiven by the application of PRP giving a score from one to three to the type of healing. Periodontal healing was evaluated on bothside after 2 months after surgery in all the cases treated the initial P.D. was 2-3mms on both sides. It showed an improvement inthe sites treated with P.R.P. Swelling (perceived by the patients during the course of the fist week) was not reduced by theapplication of PRP gel, while there has been a reduction in the pain in comparison with the control side reffered by the patients.Clinical evaluation realized a week after the extractions showed a better healing on the PRP side vs the controll side (total score12 vs 8) where three patients from five realized a primary closure with no bacterial sovrainfection or dehiscence of the flap vs oneprimary closure on the controll side. Bone healing measured by digital OPT did not show a real improvement on PRP side after twomonths in the cases analyze

Abstract BOOK SIAART

INTRODUCTION. Dental injury occurres in 0.06 - 0.13 % of general anesthesia procedures re- quiring endotracheal intubation, and it is still a reason of complaint against anesthetists. Maxil- lary central incisors are the most commonly teeth injured.1 In our center claims related to teeth damage after intubation ended with a total reimbursement of 13.000 Euros (2014-2015) and 5 patients (2014 to June 2016) were admitted for cares in Prosthodontics Implant dentistry dept. Dental School - Turin. BUCX et al.2 used a strain gauge based sensor between handle and blade of the laryngoscope to measure forces applied on the maxillary incisors to show that during routine laryngoscopy great forces are exerted on the maxillary incisor teeth with no differences based on the operator experience. OBJECTIVES.The aim of this study is to measure of the forces applied on teeth using a direct laryngoscope or a McGRATH® videolaringoscope. Many authors described how lower force on soft tissue could be applied using a VLS (GlideScope) instead of a standard laryngoscope (P=0.05).3, but no studies have ever been performed involving the use of a force sensor directly applied on teeth. The aim of our study is to measure the forces applied on teeth after the application of a cus- tomized bite (2 mm dental bite) applied on the manikin. Anesthesiologists and anesthesia residents from “Città della Salute e della Scienza”,Turin will be asked to perform 3 intubations using the standard intubation system, and other 3 using McGRATH® videolaringoscope in order to test the intubation forces exerted

Choline promotes growth and tabtoxin production in a Pseudomonas syringae strain

Some Pseudomonas syringae pathovars secrete tabtoxin, a monocyclic β-lactam antibiotic, responsible for chlorosis, the principal halo blight symptom in susceptible plants as oats, rye, barley, wheat and sorghum, among other. Here, we demonstrated that the production of tabtoxin in a P. syringae strain increased at least 150%, when choline, betaine or dimethylglycine were used as nitrogen source, or when choline was added as osmoprotectant in hyperosmolar culture media. Besides, we investigated the induction of phosphorylcholine phosphatase (PchP) activity when choline or its metabolites were used as nitrogen sources. PchP is an enzyme involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenesis through its contribution to the breakdown of choline-containing compounds of the host cells. Considering these results and that the success of a pathogenic microorganism depends on its ability to survive and proliferate in its target tissue, we propose that choline is one of the plant signals that contribute to establishment of the infection by tabtoxin-producing strains of P. syringae.Fil: Gallarato, Lucas Antonio. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular. Sección Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Primo, Emiliano David. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular. Sección Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Lisa, Angela Teresita. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular. Sección Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Garrido, Monica Nelba. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular. Sección Química Biológica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentin

Photothermal lysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by polyaniline nanoparticles under near infrared irradiation

Increases in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria require new approaches for the treatment of infectious bacterial pathogens. A new therapeutic modality, which is called photothermal therapy (PTT) involves the absorption of Near Infrared Radiation (NIR) light by absorbing species (e.g. polyaniline nanoparticles) and transfer of the absorbed energy into the surrounding environment as heat that could cause pathogen death. Since the pathogen cells, and the surrounding tissue, does not absorb NIR radiation, an agent which strongly absorb the light has to be added. In this work, were performed experiments to determine if polyaniline nanoparticles (PANI-NP) in combination with NIR irradiation could be used to destroy Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results reveal that this nanomaterial, following NIR exposure could be used for killing bacteria because it was observed a significant decrease in cell viability triggering cell death. In addition, the cell death mechanism was observed by DNA fragmentation.Fil: Bongiovanni Abel, Silvestre Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Gallarato, Lucas Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Dardanelli, Marta Susana. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Barbero, César Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Rivarola, Claudia Rosana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Yslas, Edith Inés. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentin

REHABILITATION OF AMELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA AND VDO REDUCTION WITH DISILICATE VENEERS AND OVER- LAYS: A CASE REPORT.

Amelogenesis imperfecta(AI) is an inherited enamel dysplasia involving both dentitions with no other systemic effects. Here it is presented a case of a hypocalci ed enamel dysplasia(type III according to Wiktop classi cation) in a 21 year old male who was successfully treated with disilicate veneers and overlays

Biofilm-Forming Ability of Phytopathogenic Bacteria: A Review of its Involvement in Plant Stress

Phytopathogenic bacteria not only affect crop yield and quality but also the environment. Understanding the mechanisms involved in their survival is essential to develop new strategies to control plant disease. One such mechanism is the formation of biofilms; i.e., microbial communities within a three-dimensional structure that offers adaptive advantages, such as protection against unfavorable environmental conditions. Biofilm-producing phytopathogenic bacteria are difficult to manage. They colonize the intercellular spaces and the vascular system of the host plants and cause a wide range of symptoms such as necrosis, wilting, leaf spots, blight, soft rot, and hyperplasia. This review summarizes up-to-date information about saline and drought stress in plants (abiotic stress) and then goes on to focus on the biotic stress produced by biofilm-forming phytopathogenic bacteria, which are responsible for serious disease in many crops. Their characteristics, pathogenesis, virulence factors, systems of cellular communication, and the molecules implicated in the regulation of these processes are all covered.Fil: Carezzano, Maria Evangelina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud.; ArgentinaFil: Paletti Rovey, María Fernanda. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud.; ArgentinaFil: Cappellari, Lorena del Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud.; ArgentinaFil: Gallarato, Lucas Antonio. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud.; ArgentinaFil: Bogino, Pablo Cesar. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud.; ArgentinaFil: Oliva, Maria de Las Mercedes. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud.; ArgentinaFil: Giordano, Walter Fabian. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Biotecnologia Ambiental y Salud.; Argentin

FOTOGRAFÍA, CIUDAD E IDENTIDAD | ACTAS - Jornadas de Investigación

Lo que caracteriza a las sociedades llamadas avanzadas es que tales sociedades consumen en la actualidad imágenes y ya no, como las de antaño, creencias; son más liberales, menos fanáticas, pero también más "falsas" (menos "auténticas"), cosa que nosotros traducimos por la confesión de un tedio nauseabundo, como si la imagen al universalizarse, produjese un mundo sin diferencias (Barthes, 2003). En la presente reflexión se pretende explorar cómo la fotografía se inserta en el listado de herramientas de las disciplinas proyectuales, específicamente las que pertenecen a la rama de la morfología en el campo de la arquitectura y del urbanismo, influyendo y ampliando los momentos de investigación, composición, comunicación, interpretación y análisis. Para ello resulta necesario escarbar tanto en sus fundamentos cuanto en sus implicancias adoptando una postura similar a la que constituye las raíces de la lógica formal, en donde la forma aquí se presenta con una acepción más bien abstracta que se refiere a la forma mentis o forma del pensamiento. Se reconocen, por ende, la forma del pensamiento y el punto de vista como estructuras equivalentes; se encuentra una relación biunívoca entre el punto de vista y la producción de una identidad visual geolocalizada. El énfasis en este caso será puesto en una producción estética y conceptual situada en el contexto socio-político e histórico de Latinoamérica: la producción de imágenes fotográficas o composiciones fotográficas debería estar delatando y ser testigo de una particular forma de pensar y –por ende– de construir que constituye el caleidoscópico y ecléctico panorama latino, y no una mera reproducción del impulso globalizante medido en seguidores y/o web-influencers. La reflexión se podrá trasladar fácilmente a una identidad proyectual que sufre las mismas pujas para sentirse merecedora de éxito y plauso, y que muy rápidamente se olvida de dirigir la mirada hacia lo que le es más próximo