Cynophalla polyantha (Capparaceae), nuevo registro para la flora argentina.

Cynophalla polyantha (Capparaceae), new record for the Argentine flora. This paper records for the first time the presence in the Argentine flora of the small tree Cynophalla polyantha (Triana & Planch.) Cornejo & Iltis (Capparaceae), which was recently found in the north of the province of Salta, close to the Bolivian border.En el presente trabajo se registra por primera vez para la flora argentina la presencia del pequeño árbol Cynophalla polyantha (Triana & Planch.) Cornejo & Iltis (Capparaceae), hallado recientemente en el norte de la provincia de Salta, en cercanías de la frontera con la República de Bolivia

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

Plant diversity patterns in neotropical dry forests and their conservation implications

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from American Association for the Advancement of Science via the DOI in this record.Seasonally dry tropical forests are distributed across Latin America and the Caribbean and are highly threatened, with less than 10% of their original extent remaining in many countries. Using 835 inventories covering 4660 species of woody plants, we show marked floristic turnover among inventories and regions, which may be higher than in other neotropical biomes, such as savanna. Such high floristic turnover indicates that numerous conservation areas across many countries will be needed to protect the full diversity of tropical dry forests. Our results provide a scientific framework within which national decision-makers can contextualize the floristic significance of their dry forest at a regional and continental scale.This paper is the result of the Latin American and Caribbean Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest Floristic Network (DRYFLOR), which has been supported at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh by a Leverhulme Trust International Network Grant (IN-074). This work was also supported by the U.K. Natural Environment Research Council grant NE/I028122/1; Colciencias Ph.D. scholarship 529; Synthesys Programme GBTAF-2824; the NSF (NSF 1118340 and 1118369); the Instituto Humboldt (IAvH)–Red colombiana de investigación y monitoreo en bosque seco; the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI; Tropi-Dry, CRN2-021, funded by NSF GEO 0452325); Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR); and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). The data reported in this paper are available at www.dryflor.info. R.T.P. conceived the study. M.P., A.O.-F., K.B.-R., R.T.P., and J.W. designed the DRYFLOR database system. K.B.-R. and K.G.D. carried out most analyses. K.B.-R. R.T.P., and K.G.D. wrote the manuscript with substantial input from A.D.-S., R.L.-P., A.O.-F., D.P., C.Q., and R.R. All the authors contributed data, discussed further analyses, and commented on various versions of the manuscript. K.B.-R. thanks G. Galeano who introduced her to dry forest research. We thank J. L. Marcelo, I. Huamantupa, C. Reynel, S. Palacios, and A. Daza for help with fieldwork and data entry in Peru

Descripción de las especies

Chromolaena squarroso-ramosaHierbas perennes, erectas, de 0,5 a 1 metros de altura, con raíces fibrosas y tallos muy ramificados, pubescentes. Estado vegetativo: Hojas distantes, pecioladas, simples, ovado-deltoideas u ovado-rómbicas, redondeadas o cuneadas en la base, margen aserrado, opuestas, de 2,5-7 x 1,5-4 cm, ligeramente pubescentes.Estado reproductivo: Capítulos numerosos, pequeños, homógamos y discoides, agrupados en dicasios muy laxos. Involucro acampanado - cilíndrico, de 6,5 - 8 x 4 - 5,5 mm.; flores tubulosas, azules o violáceas. Cipselas prismáticas, negruzcas. Papus blanco, con más de 20 cerdas.Urolepis hecatanthaPLANTA: Hierbas anuales, erectas, poco ramificadas, de 0,5 a 1,5 metros de alto, con tallos glanduloso-pubescentes. Estado vegetativo: Hojas pecioladas, simples, coriáceas anchamente ovadas, acorazonadas, acuminadas, levemente aserradas, opuestas, de 5-10 x 5-10 cm, ligeramente pubescentes.Estado reproductivo: Capítulos numerosos, homógamos y discoides, agrupados en panículas corimbiformes densas. Involucro acampanado a angostamente cilíndrico, de 4-6 x 8-10 mm.; flores tubulosas, rosadas o fucsias; ramas del estilo exertas en la antesis. Cipselas prismáticas, negruzcas. Papus con más de 20 cerdas.Fil: Ahumada, Osvaldo Héctor. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, S.. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Amuchástegui A.. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Braun, Karen. Secretaria de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable de la Nación; ArgentinaFil: Cáceres, E.. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Cantero, J.. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Chaila, Salvador. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Cipriotti, Pablo Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Collantes, Marta Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Museo de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia; ArgentinaFil: D’Alfonso, C.. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: de Marco, N.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: de Villalobos, M. E.. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Delucchi, Gustavo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; ArgentinaFil: Echeverría, María Lis. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Escartin, Celina Andrea. Universidad Maimónides. Área de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Biotecnológicas. Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y de Diagnóstico; ArgentinaFil: Galetti, Luciano Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Gil, M, E,. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Giunti, Sebastián. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: González, A.. No especifíca;Fil: Grossi, Mariana Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División de Plantas Vasculares; ArgentinaFil: Gutiérrez, Daniel Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; ArgentinaFil: Hurrell, Julio Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; ArgentinaFil: Leaden, María Inés. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Lobato Echeverría, R. A.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Long, Maria Andrea. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: López, M. G.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Mattenella, M.. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Maturo, Hernán Mauro. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Mulko, José. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Núñez, C.. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Oakley, Luis Jorge. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Palou, D.. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Prado, Darien Eros. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Puntieri, Javier Guido. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede Junín de Los Andes-inibioma-centro de Ecología Aplicada del Neuquén (cean) | Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede Junín de Los Andes-inibioma-centro de Ecología Aplicada del Neuquén (cean).; ArgentinaFil: Rauber, Ruth Bibiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro Regional la Pampa-san Luis. Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria San Luis. Agencia de Extension Rural Villa Mercedes.; ArgentinaFil: Roncaglia, Ricardo Venancio Roberto. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Ruiz, G.. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Scaramuzzino, Rosa Lourdes. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Sobrero, Maria Teresa. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero; ArgentinaFil: Troiani, H. O.. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa; ArgentinaFil: Vanni, O.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Villamil, Carlos Baldomero. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentin

"Delirium Day": A nationwide point prevalence study of delirium in older hospitalized patients using an easy standardized diagnostic tool

Background: To date, delirium prevalence in adult acute hospital populations has been estimated generally from pooled findings of single-center studies and/or among specific patient populations. Furthermore, the number of participants in these studies has not exceeded a few hundred. To overcome these limitations, we have determined, in a multicenter study, the prevalence of delirium over a single day among a large population of patients admitted to acute and rehabilitation hospital wards in Italy. Methods: This is a point prevalence study (called "Delirium Day") including 1867 older patients (aged 65 years or more) across 108 acute and 12 rehabilitation wards in Italian hospitals. Delirium was assessed on the same day in all patients using the 4AT, a validated and briefly administered tool which does not require training. We also collected data regarding motoric subtypes of delirium, functional and nutritional status, dementia, comorbidity, medications, feeding tubes, peripheral venous and urinary catheters, and physical restraints. Results: The mean sample age was 82.0 ± 7.5 years (58 % female). Overall, 429 patients (22.9 %) had delirium. Hypoactive was the commonest subtype (132/344 patients, 38.5 %), followed by mixed, hyperactive, and nonmotoric delirium. The prevalence was highest in Neurology (28.5 %) and Geriatrics (24.7 %), lowest in Rehabilitation (14.0 %), and intermediate in Orthopedic (20.6 %) and Internal Medicine wards (21.4 %). In a multivariable logistic regression, age (odds ratio [OR] 1.03, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.05), Activities of Daily Living dependence (OR 1.19, 95 % CI 1.12-1.27), dementia (OR 3.25, 95 % CI 2.41-4.38), malnutrition (OR 2.01, 95 % CI 1.29-3.14), and use of antipsychotics (OR 2.03, 95 % CI 1.45-2.82), feeding tubes (OR 2.51, 95 % CI 1.11-5.66), peripheral venous catheters (OR 1.41, 95 % CI 1.06-1.87), urinary catheters (OR 1.73, 95 % CI 1.30-2.29), and physical restraints (OR 1.84, 95 % CI 1.40-2.40) were associated with delirium. Admission to Neurology wards was also associated with delirium (OR 2.00, 95 % CI 1.29-3.14), while admission to other settings was not. Conclusions: Delirium occurred in more than one out of five patients in acute and rehabilitation hospital wards. Prevalence was highest in Neurology and lowest in Rehabilitation divisions. The "Delirium Day" project might become a useful method to assess delirium across hospital settings and a benchmarking platform for future surveys