Medical education on fitness to drive : a survey of all UK medical schools

Aim: To identify the extent to which medical aspects of fitness to drive (FTD) are taught within UK medical schools. Methods: A survey of all 32 UK medical schools. In-depth interviews with a range of staff at two medical schools; telephone survey of 30 schools. Results: Two thirds of schools reported specific teaching on medical aspects of FTD but few covered it in any depth or in relation to specific medical conditions. Only one school taught FTD in relation to elderly medicine. FTD was an examination topic at only 12 schools. Conclusion: Teaching on FTD is inconsistent across UK medical schools. Many new doctors will graduate with limited knowledge of medical aspects of FTD

Efficient algorithms for pairing-based cryptosystems

We describe fast new algorithms to implement recent cryptosystems based on the Tate pairing. In particular, our techniques improve pairing evaluation speed by a factor of about 55 compared to previously known methods in characteristic 3, and attain performance comparable to that of RSA in larger characteristics.We also propose faster algorithms for scalar multiplication in characteristic 3 and square root extraction over Fpm, the latter technique being also useful in contexts other than that of pairing-based cryptography

Regulation strength and technology creep play key roles in global long-term projections of wild capture fisheries

Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2019-000940-MIdentificadors digitals: Digital object identifier for the 'European Research Council' (http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000781) Digital object identifier for 'Horizon 2020' (http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007601) - BIGSEA projectMany studies have shown that the global fish catch can only be sustained with effective regulation that restrains overfishing. However, the persistence of weak or ineffective regulation in many parts of the world, coupled with changing technologies and additional stressors like climate change, renders the future of global catches uncertain. Here, we use a spatially resolved, bio-economic size-spectrum model to shed light on the interactive impacts of three globally important drivers over multidecadal timescales: imperfect regulation, technology-driven catchability increase, and climate change. We implement regulation as the adjustment of fishing towards a target level with some degree of effectiveness and project a range of possible trajectories for global fisheries. We find that if technological progress continues apace, increasingly effective regulation is required to prevent overfishing, akin to a Red Queen race. Climate change reduces the possible upper bound for global catches, but its economic impacts can be offset by strong regulation. Ominously, technological progress under weak regulation masks a progressive erosion of fish biomass by boosting profits and generating a temporary stabilization of global catches. Our study illustrates the large degree to which the long-term outlook of global fisheries can be improved by continually strengthening fisheries regulation, despite the negative impacts of climate change

The Role of Prosocial Behaviors in Mate Choice: a Critical Review of the Literature

Research has focused on the role of prosocial behaviors in mate choice, across both social and evolutionary psychology. Several studies provide strong support for the role of altruism in mate choice, whereby people find prosociality attractive in potential mates. As most research focuses on the role of altruism in mate choice, most research has found that people exhibit altruism towards attractive people, suggesting altruistic behavior is driven by mate choice motivation. Although studies have supported the notion that men’s altruism towards women is driven by mate choice, the findings are inconsistent, which may be due to the methodologies adopted by researchers. To our knowledge, this review paper is the first to critically review the literature concerning prosociality and mate choice. We provide an outline of the research thus far, methodological issues, and considerations for future research

An Examination of Dynamic Stall Vortex Inception on a Finite Wmg

In the present study, the behaviour of the vorticity flux on a wing of NACA 0015 cross section was analysed for ramp-up motion over a range of dimensionless pitch rates. The variations in the vorticity flux were examined as a means to identify the role of the vorticity leaving the boundary layer in the initiation, development and growth of the dynamic stall vortex. It has been found that there are two main sources of bipolar vorticity located within the first 3% of the chord at all span wise stations on the wing. These sources move and change strength as the wing is pitched through the incidence range. One factor that influences their behaviour is the reduced pitch rate and this effect is discussed. Further, it is shown that there is an apparent link between the negative source of vorticity and the first observable manifestation of the dynamic stall vortex on the pressure distribution near the mid-span

An antiproton‐driven magnetically insulated inertial fusion propulsion system

The magnetically Insulated Inertial Confinement Fusion (MICF) reactor, in its initial conception, concepts of a target in the form of a metal shell whose inner surface is coated with a fusion fuel which is ignited by an incident laser beam that enters the pellet through a hole. A very strong magnetic field, generated when the surface is ablated by the incident laser beam, provides thermal insulation of the wall from the hot plasma, and allows the plasma to burn longer thereby generating a larger energy amplification. When ejected through a magnetic nozzle the plasma can provide a very large specific impulse if MICF is utilized as a propulsion device. For application to space travel, however, the mass of the laser and associated power supply may prove to be prohibitively large and another driver should be considered in its place. In this paper we examine the potential use of antimatter annihilation reactions along with a fissionable component to generate the energy needed to initiate the fusion reactions. We find that a modest amount of antiprotons impinging on a tiny fissioning ‘‘spark’’ can ignite the pellet and produce specific impulses in excess a hundred thousand seconds. © 1995 American Institute of PhysicsPeer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87469/2/567_1.pd

AN ANTIPROTON CATALXZED MERTIAL FUSION PROPUTSION SYSTEM

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76384/1/AIAA-1994-3354-463.pd

An Economic Study of the Effect of Android Platform Fragmentation on Security Updates

Vendors in the Android ecosystem typically customize their devices by modifying Android Open Source Project (AOSP) code, adding in-house developed proprietary software, and pre-installing third-party applications. However, research has documented how various security problems are associated with this customization process. We develop a model of the Android ecosystem utilizing the concepts of game theory and product differentiation to capture the competition involving two vendors customizing the AOSP platform. We show how the vendors are incentivized to differentiate their products from AOSP and from each other, and how prices are shaped through this differentiation process. We also consider two types of consumers: security-conscious consumers who understand and care about security, and na\"ive consumers who lack the ability to correctly evaluate security properties of vendor-supplied Android products or simply ignore security. It is evident that vendors shirk on security investments in the latter case. Regulators such as the U.S. Federal Trade Commission have sanctioned Android vendors for underinvestment in security, but the exact effects of these sanctions are difficult to disentangle with empirical data. Here, we model the impact of a regulator-imposed fine that incentivizes vendors to match a minimum security standard. Interestingly, we show how product prices will decrease for the same cost of customization in the presence of a fine, or a higher level of regulator-imposed minimum security.Comment: 22nd International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security (FC 2018

Antiproton catalyzed fusion propulsion for interplanetary missions

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/77308/1/AIAA-1996-3068-986.pd