Drogas y salud familiar

Las familias son el grupo social sobre quien recaen más directamente las consecuencias negativas de las adicciones de sus miembros. Estas consecuencias no sólo abarcan as¬pectos económicos y sociales, sino que se extienden a los ámbitos de la salud psíquica y física de cada uno de los miembros no drogadictos.En nuestro trabajo, hemos pretendido describir las variaciones en conductas, senti¬mientos, sensaciones, imaginaciones, cogniciones, relaciones interpersonales y salud (si¬guiendo el modelo BASIC.ID de A.A. Lazarus) que han experimentado los padres y madres de heroinómanos a partir del conocimiento de la adicción de sus hijos. Hemos pasado una entrevista semiestructurada, elaborada por nosotros a una muestra de 32 padres y 53 madres y a un grupo de control de 20 padres y 25 madres de enfermos mentales. Hemos constatado variaciones estadísticamente significativas (p=0.05) en todas las dimensiones y diferencias respecto al grupo de control (excepto en cognicio¬nes), que indican la presencia de problemas necesitados de atención directa desde las instancias sociales competentes

Peptide serum markers in islet autoantibody-positive children.

Aims/hypothesis We sought to identify minimal sets of serum peptide signatures as markers for islet autoimmunity and predictors of progression rates to clinical type 1 diabetes in a case–control study. Methods A double cross-validation approach was applied to first prioritise peptides from a shotgun proteomic approach in 45 islet autoantibody-positive and -negative children from the BABYDIAB/BABYDIET birth cohorts. Targeted proteomics for 82 discriminating peptides were then applied to samples from another 140 children from these cohorts. Results A total of 41 peptides (26 proteins) enriched for the functional category lipid metabolism were significantly different between islet autoantibody-positive and autoantibody-negative children. Two peptides (from apolipoprotein M and apolipoprotein C-IV) were sufficient to discriminate autoantibody-positive from autoantibody-negative children. Hepatocyte growth factor activator, complement factor H, ceruloplasmin and age predicted progression time to type 1 diabetes with a significant improvement compared with age alone. Conclusion/interpretation Distinct peptide signatures indicate islet autoimmunity prior to the clinical manifestation of type 1 diabetes and enable refined staging of the presymptomatic disease period. &nbsp

Comparing Electronic Monitoring and human observer collected fishery data in the tropical tuna purse seine operating in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean.

Electronic Monitory (EM) systems have been proven a valid tool for collecting fishery dependent data. They are being widely used in many fisheries as a complement or alternative to human observers to increase the monitoring coverage of fisheries. However, considering its wide application, following agreed minimum standard, it is important to compare the congruence between the information collected by EM and observers. We compared EM and two sets of different observer data collected on 6 trips of tuna purse seiners in the Eastern and Western and Central Pacific Ocean to analyze the similarity of fishing set type identification, estimation of tuna and bycatch catches between both monitoring systems. Overall EM was a valid tool to estimate the type of fishing set. Retained total catch of tunas by set was estimated by EM as reliable as that by both observer programs and logbook. When comparing the information by set, EM estimation of the main species, such as skipjack and bigeye and the combination of bigeye/yellowfin, was proven to be less accurate but statistically similar to the estimates made by both observers’ programs. EM tended to underestimate the retained catch of skipjack in comparison to both observers estimates and slightly overestimate bigeye and yellowfin, the overestimation being less pronounced for bigeye than for yellowfin. For bycatch species, EM is able to identify main bycatch species as observers do. However, the capability of EM to estimate the same number of bycatch items in comparison to IATTC and WCPFC observers varies greatly by species group. For sharks, which are the main bycatch issue in the FAD purse seine fishery, the overall congruence between EM and observers was high. EM and IATTC observer identified a similar overall number of individual sharks, however, WCPFC observers estimated lower number of shark individuals than the other two monitoring systems when considering all trips together

Description of Lutzomyia (Pifanomyia) robusta n. sp. (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) from Peruvian Equadorean interandean areas

Description of Lutzomyia robusta, n. sp. (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) from interandean areas of Peru and Equador. Lutzomyia robusta, n. sp., probable vector of human bartonellosis and cutaneous leishmaniasis, is described and illustrated. This species presents strong affinity with L. serrana (Damasceno & Arouck, 1949) but they can be distinguished by variance analysis of four male characteristics and only one female characteristic. In the variance analysis, populations of L. serrana, of Amazonian areas of Brazil, Peru and Bolivia, the coast of Equador and other areas of Brazil were studied. The synonymy of Lutzomyia guayasi (Rodriguez) and L. serrana was corroborated.<br>Descreve-se Lutzomyia (Pifanomyia) robusta, sp.n., provável vetora de bartonelose e leishmaniose tegumentar, de ocorrência em vales interandinos no Peru e Equador e que apresenta estreita afinidade com L. serrana (Damasceno e Arouck). A separação de ambas foi possível, por meio de análise de variância de alguns caracteres do macho e apenas um da fêmea. Na análise de variância, foram estudadas populações de L. serrana da região amazônica do Brasil, Peru e Bolívia; costa do Equador; região atlântica e outras áreas do Brasil. Corrobora-se a sinonímia de Phlebotomus guayasi Rodríguez com L. serrana

Results of the BIOFAD Project: Testing Designs and Identify Options to Mitigate Impacts of Drifting Fish Aggregating Devices on the Ecosystem

The EU project BIOFAD was launched in August 2017. This 28-months EU project is coordinated by a Consortium comprising three European research centers: AZTI, IRD (Institut de recherche pour le développement) and IEO (Instituto Español de Oceanografía). The International Seafood Sustainability Foundation (ISSF) is also actively collaborating by providing the biodegradable materials needed to test biodegradable dFADs (drifting FADs). Following IOTC, along with other tuna RFMOs, recommendations and resolutions to promote the use of natural or biodegradable materials for dFADs, this project is seeking to develop and implement the use of dFADs with both characteristics, non-entangling and biodegradable, in the IOTC Convention Area. However, there are no technical guidelines on the type of materials and FAD designs to be used. The main objectives of the project are: (1) to test the use of specific biodegradable materials and designs for the construction of dFADs in real fishing conditions; (2) to identify options to mitigate dFADs impacts on the ecosystem; and (3) to assess the socioeconomic viability of the use of biodegradable dFADs in the purse seine tropical tuna fishery. This document shows the results regarding the effectiveness of 771 BIOFADs deployed within the project, in terms of FAD lifespan, drift, materials’ durability, catch and tuna aggregation in comparison to currently deployed NEFADs (non-entangling dFADs). The project BIOFAD has been supported since its inception by the whole EU purse seine tuna fishery and, more recently, with the collaboration of the Korean purse seine fleet

Preliminary results of BIOFAD project: testing designs and identifying options to mitigate impacts of drifting Fish Aggregating Devices on the ecosystem

The EU project BIOFAD was launched in August 2017. This 28-months EU project is coordinated by a Consortium comprising three European research centers: AZTI, IRD (Institut de recherche pour le développement) and IEO (Instituto Español de Oceanografía). The International Seafood Sustainability Foundation (ISSF) is also actively collaborating by providing the biodegradable materials needed to test biodegradable dFADs (drifting FADs). Following IOTC, along with other tuna RFMOs, recommendations and resolutions to promote the use of natural or biodegradable materials for dFADs, this project is seeking to develop and implement the use of dFADs with both characteristics, non-entangling and biodegradable, in the IOTC Convention Area. However, there are no technical guidelines on the type of materials and FAD designs to be used. The main objectives of the project are: (1) to test the use of specific biodegradable materials and designs for the construction of dFADs in real fishing conditions; (2) to identify options to mitigate dFADs impacts on the ecosystem; and (3) to assess the socio-economic viability of the use of biodegradable dFADs in the purse seine tropical tuna fishery. This document shows the preliminary results regarding the effectiveness of around 716 BIOFADs deployed, in terms of tuna aggregation, drift, materials’ durability, etc. in comparison to currently deployed NEFADs (non-entangling dFADs). The project BIOFAD has counted since its inception with the support of the whole EU purse seine tuna fishery and, more recently, with the collaboration of the Korean purse seine fleet