32 research outputs found

    Fusion de contraintes pour la synchronisation des modalités et pour la résolution des références dans un énoncé multimodal

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    Avant de rĂ©soudre les rĂ©fĂ©rences aux objets et aux lieux d'un Ă©noncĂ© multimodal associant parole et geste de dĂ©signation, il est nĂ©cessaire de mettre en correspondance chaque geste avec le segment linguistique qui lui correspond. Pour cela, nous exprimons les contraintes syntaxiques, sĂ©mantiques et pragmatiques apportĂ©es par (a) les expressions rĂ©fĂ©rentielles et (b) les gestes, compte tenu de la disposition des objets et de leurs Ă©ventuels regroupements perceptifs. Une formalisation logique de ces contraintes et leur fusion permet d'aboutir Ă  des hypothĂšses de correspondances puis Ă  l'identification des rĂ©fĂ©rents. Nous exprimons alors la forme propositionnelle de l'Ă©noncĂ© permettant au systĂšme de retrouver les fonctions de l'application Ă  exĂ©cuter. MalgrĂ© les nombreuses hypothĂšses faites sur chaque expression prise individuellement, nous montrons que le contenu propositionnel dans son ensemble est souvent le mĂȘme. Cette mĂ©thode nous semble particuliĂšrement prometteuse, tant parce qu'elle permet d'identifier les facteurs prĂ©cis intervenant dans l'intĂ©gration de la langue et du geste, qu'en ce qu'elle permet d'envisager trĂšs facilement une implantation informatique

    Fusion de contraintes pour la synchronisation des modalités et pour la résolution des références dans un énoncé multimodal

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    Avant de rĂ©soudre les rĂ©fĂ©rences aux objets et aux lieux d'un Ă©noncĂ© multimodal associant parole et geste de dĂ©signation, il est nĂ©cessaire de mettre en correspondance chaque geste avec le segment linguistique qui lui correspond. Pour cela, nous exprimons les contraintes syntaxiques, sĂ©mantiques et pragmatiques apportĂ©es par (a) les expressions rĂ©fĂ©rentielles et (b) les gestes, compte tenu de la disposition des objets et de leurs Ă©ventuels regroupements perceptifs. Une formalisation logique de ces contraintes et leur fusion permet d'aboutir Ă  des hypothĂšses de correspondances puis Ă  l'identification des rĂ©fĂ©rents. Nous exprimons alors la forme propositionnelle de l'Ă©noncĂ© permettant au systĂšme de retrouver les fonctions de l'application Ă  exĂ©cuter. MalgrĂ© les nombreuses hypothĂšses faites sur chaque expression prise individuellement, nous montrons que le contenu propositionnel dans son ensemble est souvent le mĂȘme. Cette mĂ©thode nous semble particuliĂšrement prometteuse, tant parce qu'elle permet d'identifier les facteurs prĂ©cis intervenant dans l'intĂ©gration de la langue et du geste, qu'en ce qu'elle permet d'envisager trĂšs facilement une implantation informatique

    Apoptotic HPV Positive Cancer Cells Exhibit Transforming Properties

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    Previous studies have shown that DNA can be transferred from dying engineered cells to neighboring cells through the phagocytosis of apoptotic bodies, which leads to cellular transformation. Here, we provide evidence of an uptake of apoptotic-derived cervical cancer cells by human mesenchymal cells. Interestingly, HeLa (HPV 18+) or Ca Ski (HPV16+) cells, harboring integrated high-risk HPV DNA but not C-33 A cells (HPV-), were able to transform the recipient cells. Human primary fibroblasts engulfed the apoptotic bodies effectively within 30 minutes after co-cultivation. This mechanism is active and involves the actin cytoskeleton. In situ hybridization of transformed fibroblasts revealed the presence of HPV DNA in the nucleus of a subset of phagocytosing cells. These cells expressed the HPV16/18 E6 gene, which contributes to the disruption of the p53/p21 pathway, and the cells exhibited a tumorigenic phenotype, including an increased proliferation rate, polyploidy and anchorage independence growth. Such horizontal transfer of viral oncogenes to surrounding cells that lack receptors for HPV could facilitate the persistence of the virus, the main risk factor for cervical cancer development. This process might contribute to HPV-associated disease progression in vivo

    Micro-analysis of the belief transfer in information dialogues

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    Generation of local magnetic field; application to VCSEL

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    International audienceIn this article, we report on the simulation and realization of a magnetic circuit allowing to apply an axial magnetic field higher than 1 T. The proposed electromagnet is used to investigate the influence of a magnetic field on the polarization behavior of a vertical-cavity-surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). A non-linear polarization behavior can be experimentally observed for currents as low as the threshold current, provided that the magnetic field is strong enough

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    Designing an Open, Multidimensional Dialogue Act Taxonomy

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    Structural Analysis of Co-verbal Deictic Gesture in Multimodal Dialogue Systems

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    Characterization of Fluorinated Polymers by Atmospheric-Solid-Analysis-Probe High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (ASAP/HRMS) Combined with Kendrick-Mass-Defect Analysis

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    Fluorinated polymers are a diverse and important class of polymers with unique applications. However, characterization of fluorinated polymers by conventional mass spectrometric methods is challenging because (i) their high fluorine contents make them insoluble or only sparingly soluble in most common solvents and (ii) commonly used matrices employed for MALDI do not desorb or ionize them efficiently. In this work, atmospheric-solid-analysis-probe (ASAP) high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry (HRMS) was used as a new tool for the molecular characterization of various fluorinated polymers, including polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and fluorinated copolymers containing PVDF and chlorotrifluoroethylene (KEL-F 800) or PVDF and hexafluoropropylene (Viton A and Tecnoflon). The major peaks of the observed distributions were assigned compositions, but the high number of species required the use of an alternative method to treat such complex data. Kendrick-mass defects (KMD) were calculated on the basis of the “common-to-all” vinylidene difluoride repeating unit. By plotting the KMD as a function of the nominal Kendrick masses (NKM), specific patterns based on homologous series emerged. Kendrick maps were therefore drawn to simplify the mass spectra and provide confident peak assignments through homologous-series recognition. A specific fingerprint for each polymer has been identified, and the ability to discern the four species present in a blend through KMD analysis was demonstrated
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