Chromaticity in all-reflective telescopes for astrometry

Chromatic effects are usually associated with refractive optics, so reflective telescopes are assumed to be free from them. We show that all-reflective optics still bears significant levels of such perturbations, which is especially critical to modern micro-arcsecond astrometric experiments. We analyze the image formation and measurement process to derive a precise definition of the chromatic variation of the image position, and we evaluate the key aspects of optical design with respect to chromaticity. The fundamental requirement related to chromaticity is the symmetry of the optical design and of the wavefront errors. Finally, we address some optical engineering issues, such as manufacturing and alignment, providing recommendations to minimize the degradation that chromaticity introduces into astrometry.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure

Interior Design of Herbal Medical Services Space with Aesthetic Appeal

Herbal Medical Treatment is a step that needs to be done, because the people really do need the best choice in an effort to maintain health or cure of diseases. The development of what is now the concern of many parties, especially the field of public health services, both health care institutions in urban and regional interests will be increasingly sought by the people. Nevertheless it is certainly very necessary for health education to do some efforts in preparing the medical experts with herbal medical knowledge by developing a curriculum of learning about herbal medicine. Similarly, supporting industries that produce herbal ingredients for health which through experimental research and clinical studies which should then be able to produce a safe drug and obtain standardization that can be justified in the treatment of medical science. With the development of medical herbs it is also necessary to provide the infrastructure services in interior spaces which are designed not only to sufficiently fulfill the standard and general requirements for health care space but also inculcate aesthetic aspects of space, because the business progress in the field of herbal medical health services are now belong not only to a particular institution but also can be a business opportunity for private parties to encourage competitiveness and accelerating economic progress-business, including in the field of health services for specific communities. This paper will outline how the space of herbal medical services can have aesthetic appeal and even have the role to support the healing process and benefits client’s health

Spatial Control of Photoemitted Electron Beams using a Micro-Lens-Array Transverse-Shaping Technique

A common issue encountered in photoemission electron sources used in electron accelerators is the transverse inhomogeneity of the laser distribution resulting from the laser-amplification process and often use of frequency up conversion in nonlinear crystals. A inhomogeneous laser distribution on the photocathode produces charged beams with lower beam quality. In this paper, we explore the possible use of microlens arrays (fly-eye light condensers) to dramatically improve the transverse uniformity of the drive laser pulse on UV photocathodes. We also demonstrate the use of such microlens arrays to generate transversely-modulated electron beams and present a possible application to diagnose the properties of a magnetized beam.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1609.0166

De-biasing interferometric visibilities in VLTI-AMBER data of low SNR observations

AIMS: We have found that the interferometric visibilities of VLTI-AMBER observations, extracted via the standard reduction package, are significantly biased when faint targets are concerned. The visibility biases derive from a time variable fringing effect (correlated noise) appearing on the detector. METHODS: We have developed a method to correct this bias that consists in a subtraction of the extra power due to such correlated noise, so that the real power spectrum at the spatial frequencies of the fringing artifact can be restored. RESULTS: This pre-processing procedure is implemented in a software, called AMDC and available to the community, to be run before the standard reduction package. Results obtained on simulated and real observations are presented and discussed.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figure

Role of Local-Regional Analgesia during Medical Evacuation

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Salivary extracellular vesicle-associated exRNA as cancer biomarker

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted in biological fluids contain several transcripts of the cell of origin, which may modify the functions and phenotype of proximal and distant cells. Cancer-derived EVs may promote a favorable microenvironment for cancer growth and invasion by acting on stroma and endothelial cells and may favor metastasis formation. The transcripts contained in cancer EVs may be exploited as biomarkers. Protein and extracellular RNA (exRNA) profiling in patient bio-fluids, such as blood and urine, was performed to identify molecular features with potential diagnostic and prognostic values. EVs are concentrated in saliva, and salivary EVs are particularly enriched in exRNAs. Several studies were focused on salivary EVs for the detection of biomarkers either of non-oral or oral cancers. The present paper provides an overview of the available studies on the diagnostic potential of exRNA profiling in salivary EVs