Cor triatriatum sinister with situs inversus totalis in an infant.

Cor triatriatum sinister is a rare congenital cardiac malformation characterized by a membrane in the left atrium which separates the left atrium into the proximal and distal chambers.Association of cor triatriatum is extremely rare with situs inversus totalis. This article reports a rare case of cor triatriatum sinister with situs inversus totalis in a 5 month old female infantpeer-reviewe

Accuracy of pulse oximetry screening for detecting critical congenital heart disease in the newborns in rural hospital of Central India

Congenital cardiovascular malformations are the most common category of birth defects and responsible for mortality in the first twelve months of life. Critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) will be present in approximately one quarter of these children, which requires catheter or surgery intervention in the first year of life. The aim is to determine the accuracy of pulse oximetry for detecting clinically unrecognized CCHD in the newborns. This article reports the following methods : Pulse oximetry was performed on clinically normal newborns within first 4 hours of life. If screening oxygen saturation (SpO2) was below 90%, echocardiography was then performed. Inclusion criteria: All newborns who were admitted in postnatal ward & NICU. Exclusion criteria: Out born babies and babies with a prenatal diagnosis of duct dependent circulation.peer-reviewe

Lightweight novel trust based framework for IoT enabled wireless network communications

For IoT enabled networks, the security and privacy is one of the important research challenge due to open nature of wireless communications, especially for the networks like Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs). The characteristics like heterogeneity, constrained resources, scalability requirements, uncontrolled environment etc. makes the problems of security and privacy even more challenging. Additionally, the high degree of availability needs of IoT networks may compromise the integrity and confidentially of communication data. The security threats mainly performed during the operations of data routing, hence designing the secure routing protocol main research challenge for IoT networks. In this paper, to design the lightweight security algorithm the use of Named Data Networking (NDN) which provides the benefits applicable for IoT applications like built-in data provenance assurance, stateful forwarding etc. Therefore the novel security framework NDN based Cross-layer Attack Resistant Protocol (NCARP) proposed in this paper. In NCARP, we designed the cross-layer security technique to identify the malicious attackers in network to overcome the problems like routing overhead of cryptography and trust based techniques. The parameters from the physical layer, Median Access Control (MAC) layer, and routing/network layer used to compute and averages the trust score of each highly mobility nodes while detecting the attackers and establishing the communication links. The simulation results of NCARP is measured and compared in terms of precision, recall, throughput, packets dropped, and overhead rate with state-of-art solutions

Effect of post-emergence herbicide imazethapyr on phenological and agronomic traits in chickpea breeding lines

Chickpea is sensitive to herbicides and manual weeding is currently the only option for weed control in many developing countries in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. The farmers in these countries need herbicide-tolerant varieties to use post-emergence herbicides to control weeds. In this direction, a study was conducted with 21 breeding lines at four locations in India (Patancheru, Bijapur, Nandyal and Sehore) during postrainy season of 2014-15. The trial was conducted under field conditions in RBD with four replications in both control (hand weeding) and sprayed (herbicide: Imazethapyr @ 750 ml/ha) treatments. The herbicide was sprayed 30 days after sowing. Herbicide effect was studied on phenological (days to flowering and maturity) and agronomic (number of primary and secondary branches, plant height, seed yield, 100-seed weight and harvest index) traits. The results indicated that time to flowering and maturity was delayed up to 16.5 and 18.5 days, respectively. Herbicide had no effect on primary branches, while the number of secondary branches was increased up to 12. Plant height was severely reduced by 18cm. The reduction in seed yield was observed up to 49%, whereas 100-seed weight was increased across locations. Location-specific superior lines (Nandyal: ICCIL 04016, ICCIL 04004, ICCV 10114; Patancheru: ICCIL 04007; Bijapur: ICCV 04516, ICCV 10, ICCV 97105, ICCIL 01026, ICCV 09106; Sehore: ICCV 08102) were identified. These lines can be used as potential sources for developing herbicide tolerant varieties in chickpea. Weed management through herbicides is economical and facilitates minimum tillage methods, which help preserve topsoil

Control of Cognate Sense mRNA Translation by cis-Natural Antisense RNAs.

Cis-Natural Antisense Transcripts (cis-NATs), which overlap protein coding genes and are transcribed from the opposite DNA strand, constitute an important group of noncoding RNAs. Whereas several examples of cis-NATs regulating the expression of their cognate sense gene are known, most cis-NATs function by altering the steady-state level or structure of mRNA via changes in transcription, mRNA stability, or splicing, and very few cases involve the regulation of sense mRNA translation. This study was designed to systematically search for cis-NATs influencing cognate sense mRNA translation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Establishment of a pipeline relying on sequencing of total polyA <sup>+</sup> and polysomal RNA from Arabidopsis grown under various conditions (i.e. nutrient deprivation and phytohormone treatments) allowed the identification of 14 cis-NATs whose expression correlated either positively or negatively with cognate sense mRNA translation. With use of a combination of cis-NAT stable over-expression in transgenic plants and transient expression in protoplasts, the impact of cis-NAT expression on mRNA translation was confirmed for 4 out of 5 tested cis-NAT:sense mRNA pairs. These results expand the number of cis-NATs known to regulate cognate sense mRNA translation and provide a foundation for future studies of their mode of action. Moreover, this study highlights the role of this class of noncoding RNAs in translation regulation

Kinetic and stoichiometric characterization of anoxic sulfideoxidation by SO-NR mixed cultures from anoxic biotrickling filters.

Monitoring the biological activity in biotrickling filters is difficult since it implies estimating biomass concentration and its growth yield, which can hardly be measured in immobilized biomass systems. In this study, the characterization of a sulfide-oxidizing nitrate-reducing biomass obtained from an anoxic biotrickling filter was performed through the application of respirometric and titrimetric techniques. Previously, the biomass was maintained in a continuous stirred tank reactor under steady-state conditions resulting in a growth yield of 0.328±0.045 g VSS/g S. To properly assess biological activity in respirometric tests, abiotic assays were conducted to characterize the stripping of CO2 and sulfide. The global mass transfer coefficient for both processes was estimated. Subsequently, different respirometric tests were performed: (1) to solve the stoichiometry related to the autotrophic denitrification of sulfide using either nitrate or nitrite as electron acceptors, (2) to evaluate the inhibition caused by nitrite and sulfide on sulfide oxidation, and (3) to propose, calibrate, and validate a kinetic model considering both electron acceptors in the overall anoxic biodesulfurization process. The kinetic model considered a Haldane-type equation to describe sulfide and nitrite inhibitions, a non-competitive inhibition to reflect the effect of sulfide on the elemental sulfur oxidation besides single-step denitrification since no nitrite was produced during the biological assays

Control of sulphide during anaerobic treatment of S-containing wastewaters by adding limited amounts of oxygen or nitrate

Sulphide generated during anaerobic treatment of S-containing wastewaters represents an environmental problem. Adding limited amounts of oxygen or nitrate (or nitrite) to biologically (or chemically) oxidise sulphide forms a simple process level strategy to control this problem. This short review evaluates the feasibility and limitations of this strategy on the basis of the results of bioreactor studies.Sulphide generated during anaerobic treatment of S-containing wastewaters represents an environmental problem. Adding limited amounts of oxygen or nitrate (or nitrite) to biologically (or chemically) oxidise sulphide forms a simple process level strategy to control this problem. This short review evaluates the feasibility and limitations of this strategy on the basis of the results of bioreactor studies.Spanish Ministry of Education and Science; AEA Technology Environment; Nova Energie; The Swedish Gas Centre; University of Southern Denmark

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Not AvailableThirty-six male Malpura lambs (14 d old) were taken to assess the effect of milk replacer (MR) during preweaning followed by linseed and calcium soap (Ca-soap) supplementation post weaning on lamb performance. The lambs in control group were allowed free suckling of dam and were offered ad lib concentrate, dry cowpea hay and fresh Ardu (Ailanthus excelsa) leaves during pre-weaning period. The lambs in other two experimental groups, viz. MRg-Linseed and MRng-Ca-soap were offered additional gelatinized and non-gelatinized MR, respectively. Prior to blending, the MR was boiled for five minutes to make the carbohydrate moiety gelatinized. The lambs were individually bottle fed with liquid MR after blending with warm water (42 °C). During post weaning, lambs in control group were offered ad libitum control ration whereas the test groups were fed crushed linseed (MRg-Linseed) and Ca-soap (MRng-Ca-soap) supplemented ration. Plane of nutrition revealed higher (P < 0.05) DM, DCP and ME intake in test groups during pre- and post-weaning periods. Digestibility of nutrients was similar during pre-weaning whereas during post-weaning, digestibility of CP was higher (P < 0.05) and that of NDF and ADF was lower (P < 0.05) in MRg-Linseed compared to control. Proportion of propionic and butyric acids was higher (P < 0.05) and population of protozoa was lower (P < 0.05) in MRg-Linseed and MRng-Ca-soap group as compared to control. Average daily gain and feed conversion ratio was higher (P < 0.05) in MRg-Linseed and MRng-Ca-soap as compared to control during both pre- and post-weaning periods with an overall 16.3 and 12.2% improvement in weight gain and 7.5% higher efficiency in FCR, respectively. Carcass attributes revealed low (P < 0.05) intermuscular fat and shear force value in MRg-Linseed and MRng-Ca-soap. Wool production and staple length was higher (P < 0.05) in MRg-Linseed and MRng-Ca-soap groups compared to control. It may thus be concluded that milk replacer during pre-weaning and energy supplements in the form of crushed linseed and Ca-soap during post-weaning would be considered as a useful strategy for achieving higher body weight with better carcass and wool quality.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableSixteen Malpura lambs were equally divided into four groups and supplemented with different doses of Saccharomyces cerevisae culture (3.6x109 cells/ml) as 0 (control), 0.5 (T,), 1.0 (T2) and 1.5 ml/kg body wt (T3) at 13–14 days of age. Lambs were slaughtered at the age of 180 days to assess carcass attributes and meatquality. Average pre-slaughterweights for control, T, T2and T3 were 21.90±2.53, 19.65±1.04, 25.20±1.46 and 24.20±3.54kg, respectively. Dressing yield on empty live weight (ELW) ranged from 54 to 57%. Loin eye area was comparable (9.29–11.65 cm2). Average lean, fat and dissected bone contents, in carcass were 56–58, 12–16 and 25–28%, respectively. Meat: bone ratio was comparable (2.01–2.29). Lean: fat ratio ranged from 3.70–5.15. The cooking losses and water holding capacity were 30–40 and 85–88%, respectively. The study suggested that supplementation of S. cerevisae culture to growing Malpura lambs did not have any effect on growth, carcass traits and meat quality.Not Availabl