Les déterminants de la récurrence des conflits entre agriculteurs d’ethnie Baoulé et éleveurs Peulhs dans la région du Gbêkê (Côte d’Ivoire)

Depuis l’avènement de l’activité agropastorale en Côte d’Ivoire, des difficultés de cohabitation entre agriculteurs et éleveurs subsistent, allant jusqu’à des affrontements sanglants qui fragilisent la cohésion sociale. Par conséquent, l’article se propose de relever les déterminants des rapports conflictuels entre agriculteurs d’ethnie Baoulé et éleveurs Peulhs dans la région du Gbêkê. Il vise en outre à saisir la valeur des textes agropastoraux comme vecteur fondamental de l’effritement des rapports entre agriculteurs et éleveurs. Adoptant une démarche de type qualitatif, pour la collecte des données, des entretiens individuels et des focus-group ont été utilisés. Les résultats obtenus révèlent que les acteurs agropastoraux ont une méconnaissance des textes qui régissent l’activité agricole et pastorale. Cette situation occasionne des rapports conflictuels entre eux. Des campagnes de formation et de sensibilisation se présentent donc comme des alternatives aux conflits récurrents entre agriculteurs autochtones et éleveurs Peulhs, étant entendu que la pratique de la synergie agriculture/ élevage est gage d’une cohabitation pacifique entre les deux communautés.Mots-clés: Conflits, Autochtones, Migrants, Région du Gbèkè, Côte d’IvoireEnglish Title: Determinants of recurrence of conflicts between ethnic Baoule farmers and Fulani herders in the region Gbeke (Côte d’Ivoire)English AbstractSince the advent of farming activity in Côte d’Ivoire, cohabitation difficulties between farmers and herders remain, up to bloody clashes that undermine social cohesion. Therefore, the article is to address the determinants of conflictual relations between ethnic Baoule farmers and Fulani herders in the region GBEKE. It also aims to capture the value of agro-pastoral texts as a fundamental vector of the erosion of relations between farmers and herders. Adopting a qualitative approach to data collection, individual interviews and focus group were used. The results reveal that agropastoral actors have a misunderstanding of the texts governing the agricultural and pastoral activity. This causes conflicting relationship between them. Training and awareness campaigns are therefore as alternatives to recurrent conflicts between indigenous farmers and Fulani herders, provided that the practice of synergy agriculture / livestock is a guarantee of peace ful coexistence between the two communities.Keywords: Conflicts, Aboriginal , Migrants, GBEKE Region, Côte d’Ivoir

Study of the rare decays of B-s(0) and B-0 into muon pairs from data collected during the LHC Run 1 with the ATLAS detector

A study of the decays B0s→μ+μ−Bs0→μ+μ− and B0→μ+μ−B0→μ+μ− has been performed using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 25 fb −1−1 of 7 and 8 TeV proton–proton collisions collected with the ATLAS detector during the LHC Run 1. For the B0B0 dimuon decay, an upper limit on the branching fraction is set at B(B0→μ+μ−)<4.2×10−10B(B0→μ+μ−)<4.2×10−10 at 95 % confidence level. For B0sBs0 , the branching fraction B(B0s→μ+μ−)=(0.9+1.1−0.8)×10−9B(Bs0→μ+μ−)=(0.9−0.8+1.1)×10−9 is measured. The results are consistent with the Standard Model expectation with a p value of 4.8 %, corresponding to 2.0 standard deviations

Identification and rejection of pile-up jets at high pseudorapidity with the ATLAS detector

The rejection of forward jets originating from additional proton–proton interactions (pile-up) is crucial for a variety of physics analyses at the LHC, including Standard Model measurements and searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. The identification of such jets is challenging due to the lack of track and vertex information in the pseudorapidity range |η| &gt; 2.5. This paper presents a novel strategy for forward pile-up jet tagging that exploits jet shapes and topological jet correlations in pile-up interactions. Measurements of the per-jet tagging efficiency are presented using a data set of 3.2 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector. The fraction of pile-up jets rejected in the range 2.5 &lt; |η| &lt; 4.5 is estimated in simulated events with an average of 22 interactions per bunch-crossing. It increases with jet transverse momentum and, for jets with transverse momentum between 20 and 50 GeV, it ranges between 49% and 67% with an efficiency of 85% for selecting hard-scatter jets. A case study is performed in Higgs boson production via the vector-boson fusion process, showing that these techniques mitigate the background growth due to additional proton–proton interactions, thus enhancing the reach for such signatures

Identification and rejection of pile-up jets at high pseudorapidity with the ATLAS detector (vol 77, 580, 2017)

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