59 research outputs found
Glimpses of the Third Millennium BC in the Carpathian Basin
The relative and absolute chronology of the cultural groups of the 3rd millennium BC is a particularly exciting
field of prehistoric research because this period spans the assumed boundary of two major periods â the
final phase of the Copper Age and the initial phase of the Early Bronze Age. The transition from one major
archaeological period to the next no doubt involved major structural changes. The transition period roughly
spanning the middle third of the 3rd millennium BC, i.e. the period between the close of the Late Copper Age
and the Early Bronze Age 2a in Hungary, corresponds to what is known as the Late Eneolithic in Central
Europe and is generally divided into three main phases: 1. the late Baden, 2. the post-Baden/VuÄedol, and 3.
the post-VuÄedol period.
The transition in the Carpathian Basin had a mosaic patterning: the rhythm of change varied from region
to region and the transformation in each major region followed a different cultural trajectory (Fig. 1, Table 1).
This period is here examined in the light of two recently discovered finds from Hungary (Fig. 2, Fig. 4). The
finds described here offered a glimpse into the transitional period between the Copper Age and the Bronze Age,
with a focus on southern Transdanubia. The more or less identical artefacts and decorative styles appearing
roughly synchronously in several regions reflect the periodâs cultural contacts spanning extensive territories.
The mapping of these communications networks and the clarification of the periodâs finer chronological details
based on the growing corpus of data will no doubt remain one of the priorities of future research. | A Kr. e. 3. Ă©vezred relatĂv Ă©s abszolĂșt kronolĂłgiai viszonyainak kutatĂĄsa kĂŒlönösen izgalmas terĂŒlete az Ćskor
vizsgålatånak, hiszen két nagy korszak feltételezett hatårån, a rézkor kései és a bronzkor kezdeti fåzisainak
megismerĂ©sĂ©t foglalja magĂĄban. A nagy rĂ©gĂ©szeti korszak definĂciĂłk azt sejtetik, hogy fontos strukturĂĄlis
vĂĄltozĂĄsok ĂĄllnak mögöttĂŒk. A Kr. e. 3. Ă©vezred közĂ©psĆ harmadĂĄra tehetĆ ĂĄtmeneti idĆszakot, vagyis a
magyarorszĂĄgi kĂ©sĆ rĂ©zkor vĂ©ge Ă©s kora bronzkor 2a közötti korszakot, közĂ©p-eurĂłpai szemszögbĆl tekintve
a kĂ©sĆ eneolitikum idĆszakĂĄt hĂĄrom fĆbb szakaszra tagoltan vizsgĂĄlhatjuk: 1. kĂ©sĆ Baden, 2. post-Baden/
VuÄedol korszak, 3. post-VuÄedol korszak.
A KĂĄrpĂĄt-medence tĂ©rsĂ©gĂ©ben egy mozaikos jellegƱ, fokozatos, terĂŒletenkĂ©nt vĂĄltozĂłan eltĂ©rĆ ĂŒtemƱ Ă©s
tendenciĂĄjĂș ĂĄtalakulĂĄsnak lehetĂŒnk tanĂși (Fig. 1, Table 1). EzĂșttal kĂ©t magyarorszĂĄgi lelet alapjĂĄn vizsgĂĄljuk
a korszakot (Fig. 2, Fig. 4). A bemutatott leletek segĂtsĂ©gĂ©vel a rĂ©zkor Ă©s bronzkor ĂĄtmeneti idĆszakĂĄnak
nĂ©hĂĄny kĂ©rdĂ©sĂ©t tekintjĂŒk ĂĄt, kĂŒlönösen a DĂ©l-DunĂĄntĂșl terĂŒletĂ©re fĂłkuszĂĄlva. A kor nagy tĂĄvolsĂĄgokat
ĂĄtfogĂł kapcsolatrendszerĂ©nek maradandĂł lenyomatĂĄt Ćrzik azok a tĂĄrgyak/stĂluslemek, melyek több rĂ©giĂłban
közel egyidĆben Ă©s hasonlĂł jellegben talĂĄlhatĂłk meg. Ezek alapjĂĄn fontos feladat lesz ennek/ezeknek a
kommunikåciós hålózat(ok)nak a tovåbbi feltérképezése és a folyamatosan gyarapodó adatok alapjån kronológiai
összefĂŒggĂ©seik tisztĂĄzĂĄsa
Kakucs-Balla-domb. A Case Study in the Absolute and Relative Chronology of the Vatya Culture
The present study hopes to contribute to Middle Bronze Age studies in two specific areas: first, by publishing a new series of radiocarbon dates for a period from which there are few absolute dates, and second, by describing a less known area in the Vatya distribution based on the investigations at Kakucs
A DĂ©l-DunĂĄntĂșl kora bronzkori törtĂ©nete = The History of the Early Bronze Age in South-Transdanubia
A kutatĂĄsi program legfontosabb eredmĂ©nye kĂ©t jelentĆs kora bronzkori (Kr. e. 3. Ă©vezred közĂ©psĆ harmada) dĂ©l-dunĂĄntĂșli telepĂŒlĂ©s, PĂ©cs-NagyĂĄrpĂĄd-DiĂłstetĆ Ă©s KaposĂșjlak-VĂĄrdomb, elsĆdleges rĂ©gĂ©szeti feldolgozĂĄsa. Ez magĂĄban foglalja a dokumentĂĄciĂł rendezĂ©sĂ©t, digitalizĂĄlĂĄsĂĄt, tovĂĄbbĂĄ a rĂ©gĂ©szeti jelensĂ©gek leĂrĂĄsĂĄt, valamint a rendkĂvĂŒl gazdag kerĂĄmia Ă©s tĂĄrgyi leletanyag feldolgozĂĄsĂĄt. PĂ©cs-NagyĂĄrpĂĄd lelĆhelyen 1963â67 között közel 10,000 m2-en, kb. 138 objektumot tĂĄrtak fel. KaposĂșjlak-VĂĄrdombon 2002-ben a tĂ©rsĂ©g ma ismert legnagyobb kora bronzkori telepĂŒlĂ©srĂ©szlete: 29,000 m2-en közel 500 objektum vĂĄlt ismerttĂ©. A leletanyag teljes ĂĄttekintĂ©se mindkĂ©t lelĆhelyen kulcsfontossĂĄgĂș volt. Ennek eredmĂ©nyekĂ©nt NagyĂĄrpĂĄdon megĂĄllapĂthattuk, hogy a korabeli ĂĄsatĂĄsi mĂłdszerekkel nem minden esetben sikerĂŒlt az összetett, kĂŒlönbözĆ korĂș objektumok elkĂŒlönĂtĂ©se. A korĂĄbban mĂĄr ismert kĂ©sĆ rĂ©zkori/kora bronzkori megtelepedĂ©s mellett a kĂ©sĆ bronzkori halomsĂros idĆszak Ă©s urnamezĆs kultĂșra jelenlĂ©tĂ©t is kimutattuk. KaposĂșjlakon Baden/Kostolac/kĂ©sĆ VuÄedol-SomogyvĂĄr-Vinkovci/Kisapostag kronolĂłgiai Ă©s kulturĂĄlis fejlĆdĂ©s egy lelĆhelyen belĂŒl tanulmĂĄnyozhatĂł. Emiatt a lelĆhely megkerĂŒlhetetlen lesz a rĂ©zkor Ă©s bronzkor közötti ĂĄtmeneti idĆszak jövĆbeli kutatĂĄsĂĄban. A program kitƱnĆ lehetĆsĂ©get teremtett arra, hogy azonos szempontok alapjĂĄn vizsgĂĄljuk a kĂ©t közel egykorĂș telepĂŒlĂ©s belsĆ struktĂșrĂĄjĂĄt, regionĂĄlis Ă©s kronolĂłgiai összefĂŒggĂ©seit. | The most important result of the project is the primary investigation of the two significant Early Bronze Age settlements in the Southern Transdanubian: PĂ©cs-NagyĂĄrpĂĄd and KaposĂșjlak-VĂĄrdomb. The research covers the catalogization and digitization of the documentation and the description and study of the rich archaeological findings. At the NagyĂĄrpĂĄd site, between 1963 and 1967, c. 138 features were found in an area of 10,000m2. In 2002, the largest known EBA settlement in the region was discovered at KaposĂșjlak, which covers 29,000m2 and contains c. 500 features. The complete investigation of both sites was critical. During the research we draw the conclusion, that due to the state-of-the-art archaeological techniques at the time of the excavation, it was hard and not always successful to distinguish and separate the complex and time-wise different features. At this site, we identified Late Bronze Age Tumulus and Urnfield Culture presence above the already described Late Copper/Early Bronze Age settlements. At KaposĂșjlak, the Baden/Kostolac/Late VuÄedol-SomogyvĂĄr-Vinkovci/Kisapostag periods are all present, which enables the study of their cultural development at a single site. Due to this reason, the site will be unavoidable in the future research of the transition period between the Copper and Bronze Age. The research project was a great opportunity to study the internal structure, regional and chronological connections of two contemporary settlements with similar methods
Transformations in the Carpathian Basin around 1600 B. C.
Um die Zeit des Vulkanausbruchs von Thera fanden wichtige
VerÀnderungen im Karpatenbecken statt. Diese sogenannte
Koszider Epoche korrespondiert mit der letzten Phase der
mittleren Bronzezeit in der ungarischen Terminologie und
stellt den Ăbergang zur spĂ€ten Bronzezeit dar. Die Untersuchung
dieser Epoche hat sich bisher als kontrovers erwiesen
â sowohl unter ungarischen als auch mitteleuropĂ€ischen Wissenschaftlern.
Erst in den letzten Jahren ist diese Epoche nicht
mehr als kurzer Zeitraum, mit der ein bestimmtes historisches
Ereignis verbunden werden kann, interpretiert worden.
Vielmehr sieht man sie nun als eine lÀnger dauernde Periode
an, welche die BlĂŒtezeit der mittleren Bronzezeit im Karpatenbecken
markiert und die mit einschneidenden VerÀnderungen
endet.
Die Hauptelemente dieses Wandels sind allerdings noch
unklar. Unser Ziel ist es, den Wandel durch den Vergleich verschiedener
Aspekte dreier aufeinanderfolgender Phasen zu
untersuchen. Am Ende sollen einige neue ErwÀgungen stehen,
die die bisherigen Interpretationen dieser VerÀnderungen
erweitern können. | Around the time of the Thera eruption important transformations
occurred in the Carpathian Basin. This is the so-called
Koszider Period, which corresponds to the last phase of the
Middle Bronze Age (MBA) in the Hungarian terminology and
represents a transition to the Late Bronze Age. The assessment
of the period has been controversial among both Hungarian
and central European scholars. In the past few years
this period has been interpreted not as a short »horizon« connected
to a specific historical event, but as a longer period
that represented the heyday of the MBA in the Carpathian
Basin, which ended with significant transformations. The
main elements of this transformation, however, are still unclear.
Our aim is to investigate this transformation through
the comparison of several aspects of three subsequent phases
and to amend the previously offered interpretations of the
changes with a few new considerations
- âŠ