Model Sistem Multi Agen Linear Dengan Formasi Segitiga

In this paper, a linear model of multi agent movement in equilateral triangle formation is considered. The agents have initial and final state in triangular formation. Along the motion, all agents can not move far away and collide. The agents are steered from initial position to final position in fixed time. For this goal, optimal control with Pontryagin Maximum Principle is applied and the classic difficulty in the optimal control problem is appear. To solve the classic difficulty above, the steepest descent method is used

Peningkatan Aktivitas Belajar Mahasiswa melalui Lesson Study pada Mata Kuliah Anatomi dan Morfologi Tumbuhan

Tujuan yang ingin dicapai pada kegiatan lesson study ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas belajar mahasiswa di Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi pada mata kuliah Anatomi dan Morfologi Tumbuhan. Hasil akhir yang diharapkan adalah semua kompetensi dasar dan standar kompetensi bisa dicapai. Aktivitas belajar yang diharapkan meningkat terutama adalah (1) kemampuan berpikir kritis, (2) kemampuan berkomunikasi lisan, (3) kemampuan bekerja sama dalam tim, (4) kedisiplinan. Lesson Study dilakukan dengan menerapkan problem solving dalam perkuliahan dan dilakukan dalam 4 kali siklus yang masing-masing terdiri dari kegiatan Plan, Do dan See. Plan dilakukan oleh dosen model dan observer untuk menganalisis kebutuhan dan permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam perkuliahan dan mempersiapkan semua instrumen dan perangkat kuliah yang diyakini mampu membelajarkan mahasiswa secara efektif serta membangkitkan partisipasi aktif mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran. Produk dalam kegiatan plan adalah jadwal pelaksanaan plan, do dan see, RPP, materi, media, dan alat evaluasi. Kegiatan selanjutnya adalah kegiatan open class, yaitu kegiatan tatap muka di kelas yang diampu oleh dosen model dan dimonitor keterlaksanaannya oleh para observer. Setelah itu dosen model dan para observer melakukan refleksi berdasarkan open class yang baru saja dilakukan, mendiskusikan masalah dan cara penanggulangannya agar siklus selanjutnya lebih baik pencapaiannya. Berdasarkan hasil pelaksanaan lesson study selama 4 siklus didapatkan bahwa penggunaan model problem solving melalui lesson study pada pembelajaran Anatomi dan Morfologi Tumbuhan dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar mahasiswa pada setiap tahapan siklus, yang ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya (1) kemampuan berpikir kritis, (2) kemampuan berkomunikasi lisan, (3) kemampuan bekerja sama dalam tim, dan (4) kedisiplinan. Selain itu juga terdapat peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh dosen, baik dalam persiapan pembelajaran maupun keterampilan melaksanakan pembelajaran. Walaupun demikian, lesson study ini masih perlu dilanjutkan dan ditingkatkan agar pembelajaran yang berkualitas tetap terjaga

Effects of initial-state dynamics on collective flow within a coupled transport and viscous hydrodynamic approach

We evaluate the effects of preequilibrium dynamics on observables in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. We simulate the initial nonequilibrium phase within A MultiPhase Transport (AMPT) model, while the subsequent near-equilibrium evolution is modeled using (2+1)-dimensional relativistic viscous hydrodynamics. We match the two stages of evolution carefully by calculating the full energy-momentum tensor from AMPT and using it as input for the hydrodynamic evolution. We find that when the preequilibrium evolution is taken into account, final-state observables are insensitive to the switching time from AMPT to hydrodynamics. Unlike some earlier treatments of preequilibrium dynamics, we do not find the initial shear viscous tensor to be large. With a shear viscosity to entropy density ratio of $0.12$, our model describes quantitatively a large set of experimental data on Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider(LHC) over a wide range of centrality: differential anisotropic flow $v_n(p_T) ~(n=2-6)$, event-plane correlations, correlation between $v_2$ and $v_3$, and cumulant ratio $v_2\{4\}/v_2\{2\}$.Comment: 10 pages, v2: minor revisio

Cattle manure and the spread of bovine tuberculosis

Department of Agriculture, Food and the MarineTeagascDeposited by bulk impor

Additional file 3: Figure S2. of Ancient bacteria of the Ötzi’s microbiome: a genomic tale from the Copper Age

Cytosine to thymine substitution frequency at the 5′ end of the sequenced reads. The plot displays the cytosine deamination pattern of the Clostridium sp. CADE, C. algidicarnis CALG, C. perfringens CPER, P. fluorescens PFLU, and P. veronii PVER selected reads from the Ötzi’s metagenomic samples. The y axis reports the C to T substitution frequency, while the x axis indicates the distance from the 5′ end of the sequence reads

Additional file 1: of Ancient bacteria of the Ötzi’s microbiome: a genomic tale from the Copper Age

Tables S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5

Additional file 7: Figure S4. of Global transcriptional landscape and promoter mapping of the gut commensal Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003

B. breve sRNA expression. Artemis plot showing the sRNA transcription in B. breve of a) Ribonuclease P, b) tmRNA, and c) 4.5S SRP RNA. In all cases tiling array signals of forward (red) and reverse (blue) strand are indicated. (PDF 701 kb

Additional file 7: Figure S6. of Ancient bacteria of the Ötzi’s microbiome: a genomic tale from the Copper Age

Comparative genomic analysis of Clostridium sp. CADE, C. algidicarnis CALG, and C. perfringens CPER with other fully sequenced strains. Panel a displays the circular genome atlas of Clostridium sp. CADE (red circle) with mapped orthologues (defined as reciprocal best BLASTp hits with more than 50% identity over at least 50% of both protein lengths) in public available Clostridium sp. Ade.TY genome (orange circle). Internal circles illustrate GC% deviation and GC skew (G − C/G + C). Panel b and c shows the same circular genome atlas of C. algidicarnis CALG and C. perfringens CPER, respectively

Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Ancient bacteria of the Ötzi’s microbiome: a genomic tale from the Copper Age

Bacterial abundance in Ötzi’s gut. Panel a displays a bar plot with the abundance of the major species identified in the Tyrolean Iceman gut using MEGAN5 software. The x axis represents the identified bacterial species, while the y axis represents the number of reads. Each color reflects a specific sample, i.e., B0625 (lower part of the large intestine), C1824 and C1825 (upper part of the large intestine), and B0621 (small intestine). Panel b visually displays the observed abundance of the identified species

MOESM1 of Cloning, expression and characterization of a β-d-xylosidase from Lactobacillus rossiae DSM 15814T

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Effect of pH (A) and temperature (B) on the β-xylosidase activity of Lactobacillus rossiae DSM 15814T; Table S1. Gene sequences BLAST alignment