Male breast cancer: is the scenario changing

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The overall incidence of male breast cancer is around 1% of all breast cancers and is on the rise. In this review we aim to present various aspects of male breast cancer with particular emphasis on incidence, risk factors, patho-physiology, treatment, prognostic factors, and outcome.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Information on all aspects of male breast cancer was gathered from available relevant literature on male breast cancer from the MEDLINE database over the past 32 years from 1975 to 2007. Various reported studies were scrutinized for emerging evidence. Incidence data were also obtained from the IARC, Cancer Mondial database.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>There is a scenario of rising incidence, particularly in urban US, Canada and UK. Even though more data on risk factors is emerging about this disease, more multi-institutional efforts to pool data with large randomized trials to show treatment and survival benefits are needed to support the existing vast emerging knowledge about the disease.</p

Complex Network Tools to Understand the Behavior of Criminality in Urban Areas

Complex networks are nowadays employed in several applications. Modeling urban street networks is one of them, and in particular to analyze criminal aspects of a city. Several research groups have focused on such application, but until now, there is a lack of a well-defined methodology for employing complex networks in a whole crime analysis process, i.e. from data preparation to a deep analysis of criminal communities. Furthermore, the "toolset" available for those works is not complete enough, also lacking techniques to maintain up-to-date, complete crime datasets and proper assessment measures. In this sense, we propose a threefold methodology for employing complex networks in the detection of highly criminal areas within a city. Our methodology comprises three tasks: (i) Mapping of Urban Crimes; (ii) Criminal Community Identification; and (iii) Crime Analysis. Moreover, it provides a proper set of assessment measures for analyzing intrinsic criminality of communities, especially when considering different crime types. We show our methodology by applying it to a real crime dataset from the city of San Francisco - CA, USA. The results confirm its effectiveness to identify and analyze high criminality areas within a city. Hence, our contributions provide a basis for further developments on complex networks applied to crime analysis.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, 14th International Conference on Information Technology : New Generation

Padrões de evapotranspiração em área de cerrado para cenários de aquecimento com simulações do modelo SiB2

Trabalho publicado em: Ciência e Natura, Santa Maria, v. esp., p. 147-149, dez. 2013

Ewing's Sarcoma of the Lesser Sac Masquerading as a Pancreatic Tumor

Extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (ES/PNET) is an uncommon, aggressive, and malignant tumor with a poor patient outcome. Its occurrence in the lesser sac is a rare event and to the best of our knowledge, has not been previously described. The present case was clinically and radiologically misdiagnosed as a pancreatic tumor/gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Histopathology revealed a tumor with "small round cells" that were positive for CD99, confirming the diagnosis of ES/PNET. This report highlights the importance of considering Ewing's sarcoma in the differential diagnosis of intraabdominal, extraintestinal masses

Stability and Regularity for Double Wall Carbon Nanotubes Modeled as Timoshenko Beams with Thermoelastic Effects and Intermediate Damping

This research studies two systems composed by the Timoshenko beam model for double wall carbon nanotubes, coupled with the heat equation governed by Fourier's law. For the first system, the coupling is given by the speed the rotation of the vertical filament in the beam $\beta\psi_t$ from the first beam of Tymoshenko and the Laplacian of temperature $\delta\theta_{xx}$, where we also consider the damping terms fractionals $\gamma_1(-\partial_{xx})^{\tau_1}\phi_t$, $\gamma_2(-\partial_{xx})^{\tau_2} y_t$ and $\gamma_3(-\partial_{xx})^{\tau_3} z_t$, where $(\tau_1, \tau_2, \tau_3) \in [0,1]^3$. For this first system we proved that the semigroup $S_1(t)$ associated to system decays exponentially for all $(\tau_1 , \tau_2 , \tau_3 ) \in [0,1]^3$. The second system also has three fractional damping $\gamma_1(-\partial_{xx})^{\beta_1}\phi_t$, $\gamma_2(-\partial_{xx})^{\beta_2} y_t$ and $\gamma_3(-\partial_{xx})^{\beta_3} z_t$, with $(\beta_1, \beta_2, \beta_3) \in [0,1]^3$. Furthermore, the couplings between the heat equation and the Timoshenko beams of the double wall carbon nanotubes for the second system is given by the Laplacian of the rotation speed of the vertical filament in the beam $\beta\psi_{xxt}$ of the first beam of Timoshenko and the Lapacian of the temperature $\delta\theta_{xx}$. For the second system, we prove the exponential decay of $S_2(t)$ for $(\beta_1, \beta_2, \beta_3) \in [0,1]^3$ and also show that $S_2(t)$ admits Gevrey classes $s>(\phi+1)/(2\phi)$ for $\phi=\min\{\beta_1,\beta_2,\beta_3\}, \forall (\beta_1,\beta_2,\beta_3)\in (0,1)^3$, and proving that $S_2(t)$ is analytic when the parameters $(\beta_1, \beta_2, \beta_3) \in [1/2,1]^3$. One of the motivations for this research was the work; Ramos et al. \cite{Ramos2023CNTs}, whose partial results are part of our results obtained for the first system for $(\tau_1, \tau_2, \tau_3) = (0, 0, 0)$.Comment: 27 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2210.1257

Does the combination of resistance training and stretching increase cardiac overload?

OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of combinations of resistance training (RT) and static stretching (SS) on heart rate (HR), systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic pressure (DBP), rate pressure product (RPP), oxygen saturation (SpO2), rating of perceived effort (RPE), and heart rate variability (HRV) in men. METHODS: Twelve normotensive healthy men participated in four protocols: a) SS+RT, b) RT+SS, c) RT, and d) SS. Variables were measured before, immediately after, and 15, 30, and 45 min after the sessions. RESULTS: The combination of SS and RT increased (po0.001) HR when compared to the effects of the noncombined protocols (from 2.38 to 11.02%), and this result indicated metabolic compensation. Regarding DBP, there were differences (po0.001) between the RT and SS groups (53.93±8.59 vs. 67.00±7.01 mmHg). SS has been shown to be able to reduce (po0.001) SpO2 (4.67%) due to the occlusion caused by a reduction in the caliber of the blood vessels during SS compared to during rest. The increase in RPP (6.88% between RT and SS+RT) along with the HR results indicated higher metabolic stress than that reflected by the RPE (combined protocols increased RPE from 21.63 to 43.25%). The HRV analysis confirmed these results, showing increases (po0.01) in the LF index between the combined and noncombined protocols. Compared to the effect of RT, the combination of SS and RT promoted a vagal suppression root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD) index (from 9.51 to 21.52%) between the RT and SS+RT groups (po0.01) and between the RT and RT+SS groups (po0.001). CONCLUSION: Static stretching increases cardiac overload and RPE, reducing oxygen supply, especially when performed in combination with RT

Description of the nest, nestling and broken-wing behavior of Conopophaga aurita (Passeriformes: Conopophagidae)

The Chestnut-belted Gnateater is an Amazonian species with a wide distribution, but few studies exist on its reproductive biology and behavior. In this paper we describe the nest and aspects of the behavioral repertoire employed in nest defense. Observations were made on the Dimona farm, in the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, state of Amazonas. On December 8, 2010, we observed a female Chestnut-belted Gnateater doing a "broken wing" display, suggesting that the parent was trying to distract us away from an active nest nearby. On December 10, we found the nest on a fern at a height of 56 cm, containing a feathered chick; two days later, the chick was no longer in the nest. The height, shape and material of the nest, were similar to those of other Conopophaga species in which the clutch size is two, but commonly producing only one surviving nestling

The Yellow-­crowned Night Heron Nyctanassa violacea (Aves: Pelecaniformes: Ardeidae) in the Azores and Madeira Archipelagos: a new species for the Western Palearctic

This paper presents and describes the first confirmed occurrence of the Yellow-crowned Night Heron Nyctanassa violacea in the Azores, which also represents the first record for Europe and the Western Palearctic. We also present and discuss subsequent reports of the species in Macaronesia. Several hypotheses may help to explain the occurrence of this species in this part of the Atlantic, including disorientation caused by strong winds and increasing observation pressure. However, further studies are necessary to assess the part played by the different factors in the occurrence of new vagrant individuals/species in Macaronesia