31 research outputs found
Introduction of ISO management systems in municipal enterprises providing water supply, water preparation and wastewater treatment in the major cities of the Russian Federation
This article gives information about current situation in the introduction of management systems that comply with ISO standards at water utilities in major Russian cities. Analysis of collected data has shown that the number of plants with international certificates is not large. It might be due to the fact that water and wastewater treatment plants in Russia used to be monopolies on the water services market and worked without any competitors until recently. Constant underfinancing of municipal institutes of water industry also interferes with international certification and other direction of forced development. The article analyses basic reasons for management systems' implementation on municipal water utilities. It compares experience and the results of implementation of Environmental Management Systems complying with ISO 14001 standard on water utilities of Moscow and St. Petersburg. It analyses prospects of international certification of water industry facilities at the current stage of Russian society development. Β© 2017 WIT Press
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ IT -ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
The subject of the research are the companies of the IT sector, as a strategically important sector in the information age. Their development of companies in the IT sector is associated with high risks and requires large volumes of investments, including attracting bank loans. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to develop an adequate sectoral methodology for rating companies in the IT sector by the level of creditworthiness risks using mathematical and statistical tools that make it possible to reliably assess the potential risks of investors. To achieve this goal, the study proposes a methodology for assessing the creditworthiness of IT companies based on a system of risk factors, which makes it possible to quantify the exposure of companies to two generalized risk groups: financial risk and business risks. Based on the cluster analysis, a rating table has been developed, according to which, depending on the calculated score, the category of the companyβs creditworthiness is determined. The study concluded that the key factors affecting the creditworthiness of companies are: indicators of financial stability, return on assets, liquidity ratio, online advertising market size, as well as the share of intangible assets in the structure of assets and the amount of research costs. development and capital investments. The constructed scoring model was tested on the Mail.ru Group company (from 12.10.2021 β VK). Practical significance of the research results includes in the fact that the developed model can be applied not only for assessing creditworthiness, but also as one of the express methods of risk management in an organization.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡ
Ρ IT-ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ². Π ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ IT-ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ IT-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ-ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ²: ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Ρ-ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΈΡΠ°, Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Π»Π»Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ: ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ-ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΠΌΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Mail.ru Group (c 12.10.2021 Π³. β VK). ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ
Impact of Controlling the Site Distribution of Al Atoms on Catalytic Properties in Ferrierite-Type Zeolites
Zeolites with the ferrierite (FER) topology are synthesized using a combination of tetramethylammonium
(TMA) cations with differently sized cyclic amines (pyrrolidine (Pyr), hexamethyleneimine (HMI), and 1,4-
diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DAB)). Using these organic structure-directing agents (SDAs), low Si/Al ratios
and concentrated synthesis mixtures favor the crystallization of FER materials. Increasing the size of the
cyclic amine or decreasing the aluminum content leads to the crystallization of other phases or the creation
of excessive amounts of connectivity defects. TMA cations play a decisive role in the synthesis of the FER
materials, and their presence allows the use of HMI to synthesize FER. Proton MAS NMR is used to quantify
the accessibility of pyridine to acid sites in these FER samples, where it is found that the FER + HMI + TMA
sample contains only 27% acid sites in the 8-MR channels, whereas FER + Pyr and FER + Pyr + TMA
contain 89% and 84%, respectively. The constraint index (CI) test and the carbonylation of dimethyl ether
(DME) with carbon monoxide are used as probe reactions to evaluate how changes in the aluminum distribution
in these FER samples affect their catalytic behavior. Results show that the use of Pyr as an SDA results in
the selective population of acid sites in the 8-MR channels, whereas the use of HMI generates FER zeolites
with an increased concentration of acid sites in the 10-MR channels
Electroencephalograms features of the early stage Parkinsonβs disease
Β© 2014, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. A new method for analyzing the time-frequency dynamics of brainβs background electrical activity is described. It is used to detect at least three main features of Parkinsonβs disease (PD) in its early stages: (1) hemispheric asymmetry in the time-frequency characteristics (EEG) in the central recording areas of the motor cortex, (2) the emergence in these recording areas of EEG rhythms in the frequency range of 4β6 Hz and its relation to electromyograms (EMG) and the mechanical tremor of contralateral limbs in the case of tremor-dominant PD, and (3) the disruption of the dominant rhythm corresponding to views generally held on the disorganization of different systems in PD
Cold-induced changes in gene expression in brown adipose tissue, white adipose tissue and liver
Cold exposure imposes a metabolic challenge to mammals that is met by a coordinated response in different tissues to prevent hypothermia. This study reports a transcriptomic analysis in brown adipose tissue (BAT), white adipose (WAT) and liver of mice in response to 24 h cold exposure at 8Β°C. Expression of 1895 genes were significantly (P<0.05) up- or down-regulated more than two fold by cold exposure in all tissues but only 5 of these genes were shared by all three tissues, and only 19, 14 and 134 genes were common between WAT and BAT, WAT and liver, and BAT and liver, respectively. We confirmed using qRT-PCR, the increased expression of a number of characteristic BAT genes during cold exposure. In both BAT and the liver, the most common direction of change in gene expression was suppression (496 genes in BAT and 590 genes in liver). Gene ontology analysis revealed for the first time significant (P<0.05) down regulation in response to cold, of genes involved in oxidoreductase activity, lipid metabolic processes and protease inhibitor activity, in both BAT and liver, but not WAT. The results reveal an unexpected importance of down regulation of cytochrome P450 gene expression and apolipoprotein, in both BAT and liver, but not WAT, in response to cold exposure. Pathway analysis suggests a model in which down regulation of the nuclear transcription factors HNF4Ξ± and PPARΞ± in both BAT and liver may orchestrate the down regulation of genes involved in lipoprotein and steroid metabolism as well as Phase I enzymes belonging to the cytochrome P450 group in response to cold stress in mice. We propose that the response to cold stress involves decreased gene expression in a range of cellular processes in order to maximise pathways involved in heat production
Development of Competent Mathematical Speech of Students at Technical University
The development of literate speech of students, including mathematics, as one of the areas of communicative component of learning outcomes, is a requirement of higher education standards. The authors have analysed the educational standards for the content of the requirements to the general education of a graduate related to the development of literate speech, as well as the works of domestic and foreign teachers-researchers on the development of mathematical literacy. The literature review and the authorsβ own experience of teaching mathematics to engineering students at technical University showed that the ability of students to use logically correct, reasoned and clear oral and written speech is developed insufficiently to apply the mathematical apparatus in their educational and professional activities. The authors have identified the criteria of competent speech and theoretical and methodological conditions of the educational process which enable the ensure the organizational and methodological support of educational process aimed at the development of competent mathematical speech of students. The main applied methods of teaching are advanced self-directed work of students, lecture-discussion, mutual dictation, interchange of tasks, interchange of themes, study of the text fragments, repetition training-game, etc. The effectiveness of educational activities is achieved through the use of active and interactive forms of teaching. The prepared organizational and methodological support of teaching, the systemic educational work allow students to improve their speech skills and skills of active use of mathematical language as a universal language of science, to develop logical, algorithmic and mathematical thinking, the ability to apply methods of mathematical analysis and modeling, theoretical and experimental research in solving professional problems
Some peculiarities of time-frequency dynamics of spike-wave discharges in humans and rats
Contains fulltext :
56663.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)Objective - Timeβfrequency dynamics of spikeβwave discharges (SWDs) were investigated in patients with absence seizures and in WAG/Rij rats, a genetic model of absence epilepsy using a specially developed wavelet transform.
Methods - Two types of SWDs were analyzed in both species: the most frequently occurring discharges (of minimal 3.6β4.0 s or more) and shorter ones recorded from various cortical regions.
Results - The more prolonged discharges had two phases: during the initial part (from tenth of seconds to 1 s) of the seizure the frequency decreased quickly from 5 to 3.5 Hz in patients and from about 15 to 10 Hz in rats. A slower frequency decrease with periodical fluctuations was observed in both species during the second part of the discharge: the frequency decreased towards the end of the discharge to 3 Hz in patients and to 6β7 Hz in rats. The frequency of the short discharges decreased fast during the whole discharge: from 5 to 2β2.5 Hz and from about 15 to 5 Hz in patients and rats, respectively.
Conclusions - Comparison of data obtained in patients with typical absence epilepsy and WAG/Rij rats with genetic absence epilepsy revealed that the timeβfrequency dynamics of SWDs had similar properties but in a different frequency range.
Significance - The study of timeβfrequency dynamics using this specially developed wavelet transform revealed two different types of SWDs, which most likely represent different dynamics in the cortico-thalamo-cortical loop during shorter and more prolonged discharges.8 p