55 research outputs found
The fate and behavior of selected endocrine disrupting chemicals in full scale wastewater and sludge treatment unit processes
Endocrine disrupting chemicals are discharged into the environment
mainly through wastewater treatment processes. There is a need for
better understanding of the fate of these compounds in the unit
processes of treatment plant to optimize their removal. The fate of
oestrone, 17ÎČ-estradiol, 17α-ethinyestradiol and nonylphenol
in the unit processes of full scale wastewater treatment plants in the
UK, including activated sludge plant, oxidation ditch, biofilter and
rotating biological contractor were investigated. The overall removal
efficiencies of all the compounds ranged from 41 % to 100 %. The
removals were predominantly during the secondary biological treatment
with the rates of removal related to the nitrification rates and the
sludge age. The removal efficiency of the treatment processes were in
the order activated sludge > oxidation ditch > biofilter >
rotating biological contractors. Activated sludge plant configured for
biological nutrient removal showed better removal of the endocrine
disrupting chemicals compared to conventional activated sludge plant
effluents. Tertiary treatment was also significant in the removal
process through solids removal. Overall mechanisms of removal were
biodegradation and sorption unto sludge biomass. Phytoremediation was
also significant in the removal processes. The endocrine disrupting
chemicals persisted in the anaerobic sludge digestion process with
percentage removals ranging fro 10-48 %. Sorption of the endocrine
disrupting chemicals onto the sludge increased with increasing values
for the partitioning coefficients and the organic carbon contents of
the sludge
Distribution d'estrogĂšnes et de bĂȘtabloquants dans les stations d'Ă©puration des eaux rĂ©siduaires et dans l'eau de surface
Estrogens and beta blockers are daily excreted by human beings and wastewater treatmentplants are recognised as the main pathway of these emerging micropollutants to the aquaticenvironment. This study aims at analyzing 5 estrogens (estrone, 17α- and 17ÎČ-estradiol, estriol, 17α-ethynylestradiol) and 10 beta blockers (acebutolol, atenolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol, nadolol, oxprenolol, propranolol, sotalol et timolol) in urban wastewater treatment plants and surface waters.First of all, methods were developed for the analysis of target molecules in sewage sludge and suspended particulate matters. Then, estrogens and beta blockers were studied in urban wastewater treatment plants. Generally, wastewater treatments are efficients to remove estrogens fromwastewater with mean removal rates above 90%. For beta blockers, acebutolol and nadolol areefficiently removed (mean removal rates of about 80%), while sotalol and propranolol are hardlyimpacted by wastewater treatment (mean removal rates below 20%). Other studied beta blockerspresent intermediate removal rates (between 40 and 70%). Except propranolol which is the lesshydrophilic molecule among the different studied beta blockers, target molecules are not adsorbed onsuspended particulate matters (mean proportion of 90% of the target molecules are present in the dissolved phase) and are not concentrated into sludge. So, calculated removal rates correspond,except for propranolol, to biodegradation and not to transfer into sludge. Residual molecules which are not removed by wastewater treatment reach the aquatic environment. The impact of wastewater treatment plants on the receiving rivers was studied showing a clear increase of target molecules concentrations near the wastewater treatment plants outfall. However, only propranolol presented an environmental risk ratio in the range or above 1 showing a possible environmental risk in 4 studied receiving waters out of 15. Never the less, even if no specific toxic effects are pointed out, each molecule contributes to the overall toxic potential of the substances present in the aquatic environment.Les estrogĂšnes et les bĂȘtabloquants transitent quotidiennement par les rĂ©seaux dâassainissement et les stations dâĂ©puration des eaux rĂ©siduaires urbaines. Une premiĂšre partie de ce travail a consistĂ© Ă dĂ©velopper des mĂ©thodes pour analyser ces micropolluants Ă©mergents dans les boues de station dâĂ©puration et les matiĂšres en suspension. LâefficacitĂ© des traitements Ă©puratoires a ensuite Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©e vis-Ă -vis de lâĂ©limination de ces molĂ©cules. En rĂšgle gĂ©nĂ©rale, les 5 estrogĂšnes Ă©tudiĂ©s (estrone, 17α- et 17ÎČ-estradiol, estriol, 17α-Ă©thinylestradiol) sont plutĂŽt bien Ă©liminĂ©s par les stations dâĂ©puration avec des efficacitĂ©s dâĂ©limination gĂ©nĂ©ralement supĂ©rieures Ă 90%. Pour les 10bĂȘtabloquants analysĂ©s (acĂ©butolol, atĂ©nolol, bĂȘtaxolol, bisoprolol, mĂ©toprolol, nadolol, oxprĂ©nolol,propranolol, sotalol et timolol), des comportements diffĂ©rents ont Ă©tĂ© observĂ©s. Alors que lâacĂ©butololet le nadolol sont Ă©liminĂ©s (abattements moyens supĂ©rieurs Ă 80%), dâautres molĂ©cules comme lesotalol et le propranolol ne sont que peu impactĂ©es par les traitements Ă©puratoires (abattements moyens infĂ©rieurs Ă 20%). Pour les autres bĂȘtabloquants Ă©tudiĂ©s, des abattements intermĂ©diaires (entre 40 et 70%) sont observĂ©s. ExceptĂ© le propranolol, qui est le plus hydrophobe des bĂȘtabloquants Ă©tudiĂ©s, les molĂ©cules ciblĂ©es dans cette Ă©tude sâadsorbent peu sur les matiĂšres en suspension (en moyenne 90% des molĂ©cules se trouvent dans la phase dissoute) et ne sont pas concentrĂ©es dans les boues ; les abattements mesurĂ©s correspondent donc, sauf pour le propranolol,Ă une biodĂ©gradation et pas Ă un transfert des micropolluants vers les boues. Les molĂ©cules rĂ©siduelles non Ă©liminĂ©es par le traitement Ă©puratoire rejoignent le milieu aquatique rĂ©cepteur. Les rejets de station dâĂ©puration reprĂ©sentent en effet une source de contamination pour les milieux aquatiques et lâimpact de ces rejets est visible, notamment en termes dâaugmentation des concentrations de micropolluants mesurĂ©es dans le milieu. NĂ©anmoins, les faibles concentrations mesurĂ©es ne semblent pas individuellement reprĂ©senter de risque environnemental majeur ; seul le propranolol a prĂ©sentĂ© sur 4 des 15 sites Ă©tudiĂ©s un quotient de risque supĂ©rieur Ă 1 ce qui indique un risque environnemental probable. Cependant, mĂȘme si le risque associĂ© Ă une molĂ©cule est faible,chaque molĂ©cule prĂ©sente dans lâenvironnement contribue au potentiel toxique global des substances prĂ©sentes dans lâenvironnement
Distribution d'estrogĂšnes et de bĂȘtabloquants dans les stations d'Ă©puration des eaux rĂ©siduaires et dans les eaux de surface
Estrogens and beta blockers are daily excreted by human beings and wastewater treatment plants are recognised as the main pathway of these emerging micropollutants to the aquatic environment. This study aims at analyzing 5 estrogens (estrone, 17α- and 17ÎČ-estradiol, estriol, 17α-ethynylestradiol) and 10 beta blockers (acebutolol, atenolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol, nadolol, oxprenolol, propranolol, sotalol et timolol) in urban wastewater treatment plants and surface waters. First of all, methods were developed for the analysis of target molecules in sewage sludge and suspended particulate matters. Then, estrogens and beta blockers were studied in urban wastewater treatment plants. Generally, wastewater treatments are efficients to remove estrogens from wastewater with mean removal rates above 90%. For beta blockers, acebutolol and nadolol are efficiently removed (mean removal rates of about 80%), while sotalol and propranolol are hardly impacted by wastewater treatment (mean removal rates below 20%). Other studied beta blockers present intermediate removal rates (between 40 and 70%). Except propranolol which is the less hydrophilic molecule among the different studied beta blockers, target molecules are not adsorbed on suspended particulate matters (mean proportion of 90% of the target molecules are present in the dissolved phase) and are not concentrated into sludge. So, calculated removal rates correspond, except for propranolol, to biodegradation and not to transfer into sludge. Residual molecules which are not removed by wastewater treatment reach the aquatic environment. The impact of wastewater treatment plants on the receiving rivers was studied showing a clear increase of target molecules concentrations near the wastewater treatment plants outfall. However, only propranolol presented an environmental risk ratio in the range or above 1 showing a possible environmental risk in 4 studied receiving waters out of 15. Nevertheless, even if no specific toxic effects are pointed out, each molecule contributes to the overall toxic potential of the substances present in the aquatic environment.Les estrogĂšnes et les bĂȘtabloquants transitent quotidiennement par les rĂ©seaux d'assainissement et les stations d'Ă©puration des eaux rĂ©siduaires urbaines. Une premiĂšre partie de ce travail a consistĂ© Ă dĂ©velopper des mĂ©thodes pour analyser ces micropolluants Ă©mergents dans les boues de station d'Ă©puration et les matiĂšres en suspension. L'efficacitĂ© des traitements Ă©puratoires a ensuite Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©e vis-Ă -vis de l'Ă©limination de ces molĂ©cules. En rĂšgle gĂ©nĂ©rale, les 5 estrogĂšnes Ă©tudiĂ©s (estrone, 17α- et 17ÎČ-estradiol, estriol, 17α-Ă©thinylestradiol) sont plutĂŽt bien Ă©liminĂ©s par les stations d'Ă©puration avec des efficacitĂ©s d'Ă©limination gĂ©nĂ©ralement supĂ©rieures Ă 90%. Pour les 10 bĂȘtabloquants analysĂ©s (acĂ©butolol, atĂ©nolol, bĂȘtaxolol, bisoprolol, mĂ©toprolol, nadolol, oxprĂ©nolol, propranolol, sotalol et timolol), des comportements diffĂ©rents ont Ă©tĂ© observĂ©s. Alors que l'acĂ©butolol et le nadolol sont Ă©liminĂ©s (abattements moyens supĂ©rieurs Ă 80%), d'autres molĂ©cules comme le sotalol et le propranolol ne sont que peu impactĂ©es par les traitements Ă©puratoires (abattements moyens infĂ©rieurs Ă 20%). Pour les autres bĂȘtabloquants Ă©tudiĂ©s, des abattements intermĂ©diaires (entre 40 et 70%) sont observĂ©s. ExceptĂ© le propranolol, qui est le plus hydrophobe des bĂȘtabloquants Ă©tudiĂ©s, les molĂ©cules ciblĂ©es dans cette Ă©tude s'adsorbent peu sur les matiĂšres en suspension (en moyenne 90% des molĂ©cules se trouvent dans la phase dissoute) et ne sont pas concentrĂ©es dans les boues ; les abattements mesurĂ©s correspondent donc, sauf pour le propranolol, Ă une biodĂ©gradation et pas Ă un transfert des micropolluants vers les boues. Les molĂ©cules rĂ©siduelles non Ă©liminĂ©es par le traitement Ă©puratoire rejoignent le milieu aquatique rĂ©cepteur. Les rejets de station d'Ă©puration reprĂ©sentent en effet une source de contamination pour les milieux aquatiques et l'impact de ces rejets est visible, notamment en termes d'augmentation des concentrations de micropolluants mesurĂ©es dans le milieu. NĂ©anmoins, les faibles concentrations mesurĂ©es ne semblent pas individuellement reprĂ©senter de risque environnemental majeur ; seul le propranolol a prĂ©sentĂ© sur 4 des 15 sites Ă©tudiĂ©s un quotient de risque supĂ©rieur Ă 1 ce qui indique un risque environnemental probable. Cependant, mĂȘme si le risque associĂ© Ă une molĂ©cule est faible, chaque molĂ©cule prĂ©sente dans l'environnement contribue au potentiel toxique global des substances prĂ©sentes dans 'environnement
Fate of estrogens and beta blockers in wastewater treatment plants and surface waters
Les estrogĂšnes et les bĂȘtabloquants transitent quotidiennement par les rĂ©seaux dâassainissement et les stations dâĂ©puration des eaux rĂ©siduaires urbaines. Une premiĂšre partie de ce travail a consistĂ© Ă dĂ©velopper des mĂ©thodes pour analyser ces micropolluants Ă©mergents dans les boues de station dâĂ©puration et les matiĂšres en suspension. LâefficacitĂ© des traitements Ă©puratoires a ensuite Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©e vis-Ă -vis de lâĂ©limination de ces molĂ©cules. En rĂšgle gĂ©nĂ©rale, les 5 estrogĂšnes Ă©tudiĂ©s (estrone, 17α- et 17ÎČ-estradiol, estriol, 17α-Ă©thinylestradiol) sont plutĂŽt bien Ă©liminĂ©s par les stations dâĂ©puration avec des efficacitĂ©s dâĂ©limination gĂ©nĂ©ralement supĂ©rieures Ă 90%. Pour les 10bĂȘtabloquants analysĂ©s (acĂ©butolol, atĂ©nolol, bĂȘtaxolol, bisoprolol, mĂ©toprolol, nadolol, oxprĂ©nolol,propranolol, sotalol et timolol), des comportements diffĂ©rents ont Ă©tĂ© observĂ©s. Alors que lâacĂ©butololet le nadolol sont Ă©liminĂ©s (abattements moyens supĂ©rieurs Ă 80%), dâautres molĂ©cules comme lesotalol et le propranolol ne sont que peu impactĂ©es par les traitements Ă©puratoires (abattements moyens infĂ©rieurs Ă 20%). Pour les autres bĂȘtabloquants Ă©tudiĂ©s, des abattements intermĂ©diaires (entre 40 et 70%) sont observĂ©s. ExceptĂ© le propranolol, qui est le plus hydrophobe des bĂȘtabloquants Ă©tudiĂ©s, les molĂ©cules ciblĂ©es dans cette Ă©tude sâadsorbent peu sur les matiĂšres en suspension (en moyenne 90% des molĂ©cules se trouvent dans la phase dissoute) et ne sont pas concentrĂ©es dans les boues ; les abattements mesurĂ©s correspondent donc, sauf pour le propranolol,Ă une biodĂ©gradation et pas Ă un transfert des micropolluants vers les boues. Les molĂ©cules rĂ©siduelles non Ă©liminĂ©es par le traitement Ă©puratoire rejoignent le milieu aquatique rĂ©cepteur. Les rejets de station dâĂ©puration reprĂ©sentent en effet une source de contamination pour les milieux aquatiques et lâimpact de ces rejets est visible, notamment en termes dâaugmentation des concentrations de micropolluants mesurĂ©es dans le milieu. NĂ©anmoins, les faibles concentrations mesurĂ©es ne semblent pas individuellement reprĂ©senter de risque environnemental majeur ; seul le propranolol a prĂ©sentĂ© sur 4 des 15 sites Ă©tudiĂ©s un quotient de risque supĂ©rieur Ă 1 ce qui indique un risque environnemental probable. Cependant, mĂȘme si le risque associĂ© Ă une molĂ©cule est faible,chaque molĂ©cule prĂ©sente dans lâenvironnement contribue au potentiel toxique global des substances prĂ©sentes dans lâenvironnement.Estrogens and beta blockers are daily excreted by human beings and wastewater treatmentplants are recognised as the main pathway of these emerging micropollutants to the aquaticenvironment. This study aims at analyzing 5 estrogens (estrone, 17α- and 17ÎČ-estradiol, estriol, 17α-ethynylestradiol) and 10 beta blockers (acebutolol, atenolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol, nadolol, oxprenolol, propranolol, sotalol et timolol) in urban wastewater treatment plants and surface waters.First of all, methods were developed for the analysis of target molecules in sewage sludge and suspended particulate matters. Then, estrogens and beta blockers were studied in urban wastewater treatment plants. Generally, wastewater treatments are efficients to remove estrogens fromwastewater with mean removal rates above 90%. For beta blockers, acebutolol and nadolol areefficiently removed (mean removal rates of about 80%), while sotalol and propranolol are hardlyimpacted by wastewater treatment (mean removal rates below 20%). Other studied beta blockerspresent intermediate removal rates (between 40 and 70%). Except propranolol which is the lesshydrophilic molecule among the different studied beta blockers, target molecules are not adsorbed onsuspended particulate matters (mean proportion of 90% of the target molecules are present in the dissolved phase) and are not concentrated into sludge. So, calculated removal rates correspond,except for propranolol, to biodegradation and not to transfer into sludge. Residual molecules which are not removed by wastewater treatment reach the aquatic environment. The impact of wastewater treatment plants on the receiving rivers was studied showing a clear increase of target molecules concentrations near the wastewater treatment plants outfall. However, only propranolol presented an environmental risk ratio in the range or above 1 showing a possible environmental risk in 4 studied receiving waters out of 15. Never the less, even if no specific toxic effects are pointed out, each molecule contributes to the overall toxic potential of the substances present in the aquatic environment
Ălimination de micropolluants des eaux rĂ©siduaires urbaines par ozonation : retour dâexpĂ©rience de la station dâĂ©puration de Sophia Antipolis
RĂŽle de la photodĂ©gradation dans lâĂ©limination des micropolluants organiques au sein dâune zone de rejet vĂ©gĂ©talisĂ©e de type bassin
A new analytical method for the determination of beta-blockers and one metabolite in the influents and effluents of three urban wastewater treatment plants
Development and validation of an analytical method by LC-MS/MS for the quantification of estrogens in sewage sludge
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