Pattern of DAP12 Expression in Leukocytes from Both Healthy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

DAP12 is an ITAM-bearing transmembrane adaptor originally identified on the surface of Natural Killer cells. A broad expression among other immune cells was later found in myeloid and lymphoid cells. However, data on DAP12 expression pattern rely only on immunoblot and microarray analysis. Here, we describe the generation and the characterization of an anti-DAP12 monoclonal antibody. Using this novel reagent, we show that DAP12 expression is restricted to innate immune cells in basal condition. Since a decreased expression of DAP12 has been suggested in NK cells of systemic lupus erythematosus patients, we have further investigated the NK cell receptor repertoire and leukocyte expression of DAP12 in these patients and no major changes were detectable when compared to controls

RF and ELF electromagnetic field exposure of children in the french ELFE birth cohort

Background: Knowledge on Radiofrequency (RF) and Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) exposure of children remains scarce, despite their growing use and their potential health effects. There is a need for studies taking into account every source of children exposure, including emerging ones, with longitudinal design to capture changes while growing, from in-utero to the adolescence. Aims: to characterize and follow RF and ELF exposure in children of the French ELFE birth cohort. Methods: 18918 children born in 2011 have been included. RF and ELF exposure will be assessed by questionnaires. Jobs and company activity will be coded with international classifications, and a job-exposure matrix will be applied to assess maternal occupational exposure during pregnancy. Domestic uses (Wi-Fi, cordless phone, mobile phone, electrical appliances, transportation means...) will be collected on questionnaires. Residential exposure will be assessed by using geocoded residential addresses and mapping of EMF sources. An exposure study will be performed in a subgroup of 400 children (when 3 yrs old). Housing and household characteristics and a time-activity diary will be completed, and numerous RF bands and ELF 50Hz will be measured at different places in each room and during 24 h in the living room. Results: questionnaires at birth, 2 months and 1 year of life have been already administered, and follow-up at 2 years is scheduled in 2013. Perspectives: Interactions between EMF and other radiations or chemical exposures will be studied, in relation with health outcomes collected at each follow-up. Other factors influencing children's health and development (social, psychological, medical and familial factors), also collected will allow an accurate assessment of the etiology of health events. Future collaboration with other international birth cohorts to better understand the etiology of rare diseases such as pediatric cancers will be considered

Molecular description of meningeal solitary fibrous tumors/hemangiopericytomas compared to meningiomas: two completely separate entities

International audienceIntroduction: Meningeal solitary fibrous tumors (SFT), like all SFT, are defined by NAB2-STAT6 fusion and share clinicopathologic similarities with meningiomas, the most frequent meningeal tumors. Our aim is to establish the molecular identity of meningeal SFT and seek molecular prognostic factors.Methods: RNA sequencing and whole exome sequencing were performed in STAT6-positive SFT and grade 2-3 meningiomas, and data concerning other soft tissues tumors was obtained from the local database. Uniform manifold approximation and projection, individual gene expression and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were performed.Results: RNA clustering shows that SFT share a common molecular signature, different from any other type of tumoral tissue. Meningeal SFT aggregate with other SFT, with no clinical or histological subgroup. Comparison of genes expressions suggests significant over-expressions of ZIC2, ZIC3, ZIC5, GABBR2, TP53 in CNS-SFT. The pathogenic TP53 c.743G>T variant, previously undescribed in SFT, was found in one sample of meningeal SFT during malignant progression.Conclusions: Meningeal SFT are molecular counterparts of extra-meningeal SFT, completely separate from meningiomas. They might develop from the same tissues and benefit from the same treatments as SFT

Antimicrobial activity of zinc oxide particles on five micro-organisms of the Challenge Tests related to their physicochemical properties

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Trends in probabilities of death owing to cancer and owing to other causes in patients with colon cancer

IF 2.014 (2017)International audienceBACKGROUND: It is of interest to both the clinicians and patients to estimate the probability of death owing to cancer in the presence of other causes as time elapses since diagnosis. The objective of this study was to depict for patients diagnosed with colon cancer between 1990 and 2010 in France, the probability of surviving up to 10 years after diagnosis and to disentangle the probability of death owing to cancer from that of death owing to other causes.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Individuals with cancer were described, up to 10 years after diagnosis, as belonging to one of three categories: those who died owing to a cause related to cancer, those who died owing to another cause and those who survived. Net survival, crude probabilities of death related to colon cancer, death related to another cause and survival were estimated by modeling excess mortality hazard.RESULTS: In women of all ages, 5 and 10-year net survival improved over calendar time. The 10-year probability of survival decreased when age increased in both sexes. It was higher in women than in men, and this difference increased with age. Crude probabilities of death related to colon cancer decreased between 1990 and 2010 for men and women, although this was not observed in the eldest men.CONCLUSION: Crude probability of death related to colon cancer is an important indicator for patients and health policy makers. Results of cancer screening should be faced to trends in probability of death related to colorectal cancer

The Seasonal Modulation of Organic Matter Utilization by Bacteria in the Danube–Black Sea Mixing Zone

The bacterial utilization of organic matter was investigated during two cruises made in the north-western Black Sea in the summer of 1995 and in the winter-spring transition period (April-May 1997). Bacterial biomass and activities (enzymatic activity and production) as well as direct (dissolved and particulate organic carbon) and indirect (primary production) sources of organic carbon for bacteria were measured along high resolution salinity gradients and a spatial grid in the Danube-Black Sea mixing zone and in the Black Sea marine waters. Despite little change in bacterial biomass, bacterial activity displayed significant spatio-temporal variations. Bacterial production was maximal in the Danube-Black Sea mixing zone in July 1995. In this area, the source of organic matter for heterotrophic bacteria can be derived from autochtonous production and/or from allochtonous inputs. Total potential organic carbon sources were always higher in the Danube-Black Sea mixing zone than in the Black Sea marine waters, particularly due to high primary production and particulate organic carbon concentrations recorded in this mixing zone. Interestingly, dissolved organic carbon concentrations along the salinity gradients were uniform. A seasonal constant accumulation of DOC was, however, observed in the whole area investigated from 2000 mgC m -3 in April 1997 to 3000 mgC m -3 in July 1995. The relative contribution of the various sources of organic carbon to the bacterial carbon demand was analysed. In April 1997, the bacterial carbon demand could be satisfied only by the allochtonous sources of organic matter discharged by the Danube. In May 1997, the contribution of autochtonous phytoplankton-derived organic carbon was expected to increase due to the general enhancement of biological activity. In July 1995, direct sources of organic carbon were barely enough to satisfy the bacterial needs. The excess of dissolved organic carbon accumulated during the winter-spring period is assumed to support the high bacterial carbon demand of summer. Indirect evidence suggests that this delayed utilization of dissolved organic matter could be due to PO4 limitation of bacterial growth. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Outcomes following polypectomy for malignant colorectal polyps are similar to those following surgery in the general population

IF 16.658International audienceOBJECTIVE:Population-based studies on colorectal malignant polyps (MPs) are scarce. The aim of this study was to describe time trends in the incidence of colorectal MPs before and after the introduction of a colorectal mass-screening programmein 2003 and to assess outcomes (survival and recurrence) after endoscopic or surgical resection in patients with MPs.DESIGN:We included 411 patients with MPs diagnosed between 1982 and 2011 in a well-defined population. Age-standardised incidence rates were calculated. Univariate and multivariate 5-year recurrence and net survival analyses were performed according to gross morphology.RESULTS:Age-standardised incidence of MPs in patients aged 50-74 years doubled from 5.4 in 1982-2002 to 10.9 per 100 000 in 2003-2011. Pedunculated MPs were more frequently resected endoscopically (38.2%) than were sessile MPs (19.1%; p<0.001). For patients with pedunculated MPs and a pathological margin ≥1 mm, the 5 -year cumulative recurrence rate did not differ significantly between surgical and endoscopic resection (8.2% and 2.4%, respectively). For patients with sessile MPs, it was 3.0% after first-line or second-line surgical resection, 8.6% after endoscopic resection and 17.9% after transanal resection (p=0.016). The recurrence rate decreased dramatically for patients with sessile MPs from 11.3% (1982-2002) to 1.2% (2003-2009) (p=0.010) and remained stable for pedunculated MPs at 4.6% and 6.7%, respectively. Five-year net survival was 81.0% when pathological margins were <1 mm and 95.6% when ≥1 mm (p=0.024).CONCLUSION:Outcomes following polypectomy in patients with a pathological margin ≥1 mm are similar to those following surgery in the general population. Endoscopic resection needs to be completed by surgery if pathological margins are less than 1 mm.© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted