Mutagenic and antimutagenic properties of some lichen species grown in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey

All the methanol extracts did not show mutagenic activity in Ames/Salmonella and Z. mays MI test systems. Furthermore, some extracts showed significant antimutagenic activity against 9-AA in Ames test system. Inhibition rates for 9-AA mutagenicity ranged from 25.51 % (P. furfuracea – 0.05 μg/plate) to 66.14 % (C. islandica – 0.05 μg/plate). In addition, all of the extracts showed significant antimutagenic activity against sodium azide (NaN₃) mutagenicity on MI values of Z. mays.Целью работы было изучить мутагенный и антимутагенный потенциал метанольных экстрактов Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach. (Parmeliaceae), Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf (Parmeliaceae) и Xanthoparmelia somloënsis (Gyeln.) Hale (Parmeliaceae) – лишайников из восточной части Турции. Ни один из экстрактов не показал мутагенной активности в тестах Эймса и Z. mays MI. Более того, некоторые экстракты проявляли заметную антимутагенную активность против 9-амино-акридина в тесте Эймса. Уровень ингибирования варьировал от 25,51 % (P. furfuracea) до 66,14 % (C. islandica). Кроме того, все экстракты проявляли значительную антимутагенную активность против азида натрия в Z. mays MI тесте. Все экстракты могут считаться генотоксично безопасными в исследованных концентрациях

Antinociceptive activity of Mentha piperita leaf aqueous extract in mice

Mentha piperita L. (Labiatae) is an herbaceous plant, used in folk medicine for the treatment of several medical disorders.In the present study, the aqueous extract of Mentha piperita leaf, at the i.p doses 200 and 400 mg/kg, showed significant analgesic effects against both acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate-induced thermal stimulation in mice, with protection values of 51.79% and 20.21% respectively. On the contrary, the Mentha piperita leaf aqueous extract did not exhibit anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan induced paw oedema.These findings indicate that Mentha piperita has a potential analgesic effect that may possibly have mediated centrally and peripherally, as well as providing a pharmacological evidence for its traditional use as a pain reliever

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils from the medicinal plant Mentha cervina L. grown in Portugal

Mentha cervina is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Portugal in folk medicine, in different gastric disorders and inflammations of the respiratory tract. In order to validate those traditional uses, M. cervina essential oils (EOs) were characterized by GC and GC–MS and their antimicrobial activity was tested against 23 bacterial strains (including multiresistant strains). The EOs were dominated by the monoterpenes pulegone (52–75%), isomenthone (8–24%), limonene (4–6%), and menthone (1–2%). The antibacterial activity of these EOs was compared to that of the main components standards. The most effective antibacterial activity was expressed by the EOs against the Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumanni, with MIC values of 1 mg/ml. The EOs complex mixtures were more active than the individual aromatic components supporting the hypothesis that the EOs antibacterial activity is a function of the synergistic effect of their different aromatic components. These results show the potential role of M. cervina EOs as antibacterial agents and validate the traditional use of this plant

Investigation of In vitro Mineral Forming Bacterial Isolates from Supragingival Calculus

Aim: Although it is known that bacterial mechanisms are involved in dental calculus formation, which is a predisposing factor in periodontal diseases, there have been few studies of such associations, and therefore, information available is limited. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify aerobic bacteria responsible for direct calcification from supragingival calculus samples. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using supragingival calculus samples from patients with periodontal disease, which was required as part of conventional treatment. Isolations were performed by sampling the supragingival calculus with buffer and inoculating the samples on media on which crystallization could be observed. The 16S recombinant DNA of the obtained pure cultures was then amplified and sequenced. Results: A few bacterial species that have not previously been associated with mineralization or identified on bacterial plaque or calculus were detected. The bacteria that caused mineralization an aerobic environment are identified as Neisseria flava, Aggregatibacter segnis, Streptococcus tigurinus, and Morococcus cerebrosus. Conclusion: These findings proved that bacteria potentially play a role in the etiopathology of supragingival calculus. The association between the effects of the identified bacteria on periodontal diseases and calculus formation requires further studies.Keywords: Bacteria, biomineralization, supragingival dental calculu

Molecular characterization of Rhizobium strains isolated from wild chickpeas collected from high altitudes in Erzurum-Turkey

The fixation of N2 by legumes plays key role in agricultural sustainability. Moreover, the further assessment of rhizobial genetic diversity is contributing both to the worldwide knowledge of biodiversity of soil microorganisms and to the usefulness of rhizobial collections, and it is developing long-term strategies to increase contributions of legume-fixed to agricultural productivity. In the last decades, the use of molecular techniques has been contributed greatly to enhance the knowledge of rhizobial diversity. This study was conducted to determine the phenotypic and genotypic differences in Rhizobium leguminosarum subsp. ciceri strains isolated from perennial wild chickpeas (Cicer anatolicum) from high altitudes (2000-2500 m) in mountains of Erzurum, Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. In this study, rep-PCR (ERIC-, REP- and BOX-PCR) fingerprinting methods were used for the genotypic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Rhizobium leguminosarum subsp. ciceri strains isolated from perennial wild chickpeas. The results showed a high intraspecies diversity among the strains in terms of rep-PCR (ERIC-, REP- and BOX-PCR) profiles. Copyright © 2009 Bucharest University

Removal of some textile dyes from aqueous solution by using a catalase-peroxidase from aeribacillus pallidus (P26)

The textile dyeing wastewater is discharged to the environment in various occasions and causes severe environmental problems. Therefore, more effective treatment methods should be developed to eliminate dyes from the wastewater stream at the source. In this study, catalase-peroxidase enzyme was purified from Aerobacillus pallidus (P26) isolated from the Erzurum-Pasinler spring (Gen Bank NO: EU935591). A catalase-peroxidase (CP) using enzyme was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation, CM-Sephadex ion chromatography and Sephacryl S 200 gel filtration chromatography changing. Optimum pH and temperature values were determined as 7 and 60 C degrees, respectively. In addition, for each substrate pairs, K-m and V-max values were calculated from Lineweaver-Burk graphs. The effect of some metal ions was also investigated on the activity of CP enzyme. Purified catalase-peroxidase from A. pallidus (P26) is then applied in the decolorization of Reactive Black 5, Fuchsine, Allura Red and Acid Red 37 in waste water. CP presents a potential as a viable alternative in the decolorization of textile wastewaters