THE FOOD COMMISSION REPORT

Food Security and Poverty,

Results of recent NASA research on low-speed aerodynamic characteristics of supersonic cruise aircraft

The relatively low values of lift-curve slope produced by highly swept arrow wings, coupled with the low scrape angle of the fuselage, resulted in relatively low values of take-off and approach lift coefficients. Through the use of more efficient high-lift systems and the application of propulsive-lift concepts, it is possible to optimize the engine-airframe design for maximum range potential and also to provide good low-speed performance. Nose strakes provide significant improvements in directional stability characteristics and the use of a propulsive lateral control system provides a solution to problems associated with inherently low levels of lateral control

Summary of information on low-speed lateral-directional derivatives due to rate of change of sideslip beta prime

The results presented show that the magnitudes of the aerodynamic stability derivatives due to rate of change of sideslip become quite large at high angles of attack for swept- and delta-wing configurations, and that such derivatives have large effects on the calculated dynamic stability of these configurations at high angles of attack. The wind-tunnel test techniques used to measure the beta prime derivatives and various approaches used to predict them are discussed. Both the conventional oscillating-airfoil theory and the lag-of-the-sidewash theory are shown to be inadequate for predicting the vertical-tail contribution to the acceleration-in-sideslip derivative; a flow-field-lag theory, which is discussed, appears to give qualitative agreement with experimental data for a current twin-jet fighter configuration

Algebraic Algorithm Design and Local Search

Formal, mathematically-based techniques promise to play an expanding role in the development and maintenance of the software on which our technological society depends. Algebraic techniques have been applied successfully to algorithm synthesis by the use of algorithm theories and design tactics, an approach pioneered in the Kestrel Interactive Development System (KIDS). An algorithm theory formally characterizes the essential components of a family of algorithms. A design tactic is a specialized procedure for recognizing in a problem specification the structures identified in an algorithm theory and then synthesizing a program. Design tactics are hard to write, however, and much of the knowledge they use is encoded procedurally in idiosyncratic ways. Algebraic methods promise a way to represent algorithm design knowledge declaratively and uniformly. We describe a general method for performing algorithm design that is more purely algebraic than that of KIDS. This method is then applied to local search. Local search is a large and diverse class of algorithms applicable to a wide range of problems; it is both intrinsically important and representative of algorithm design as a whole. A general theory of local search is formalized to describe the basic properties common to all local search algorithms, and applied to several variants of hill climbing and simulated annealing. The general theory is then specialized to describe some more advanced local search techniques, namely tabu search and the Kernighan-Lin heuristic

The phytotoxicity of selected herbicides and their residual effects in the establishment of emerald zoysia

Desirable herbicides for aiding the establishment of turfgrasses are those which provide a high level of weed control and are non-phytotoxic to the newly planted turfgrass. Many researchers have reported on the foliage symptoms of herbicidal injury to established turfgrasses. Some workers have studied the effects of herbicides on newly seeded turfgrasses. However, very little work has been conducted to determine the effects of herbicides on vegetatively propagated turfgrasses at the time of their establishment. Extensive research has shown that most of the more commonly used preemergence type herbicides will provide excellent weed control in established turfgrasses if applied properly and at the correct rate. However, many of these same herbicides have caused considerable turfgrass injury. Prior to the use of a preemergence herbicide it is desirable to know the residual life of the chemical for its safe and efficient use. However, information concerning the residual activity of many of these herbicides is quite limited. In the spring of I965, a 2-year study was started at Knoxville, Tennessee to investigate (1) the effectiveness of several preemergence type herbicides in controlling certain weeds, (2) the tolerance of newly plugged \u27Emerald\u27 zoysia (Zoysia japonica x Z. tenuifolia Willd, ex Trin.) to these herbicides, (3) the effects of fresh herbicide treatments and soil herbicide residues on the root regrowth of common Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) sod-plugs grown under greenhouse conditions, and (4) the rate of dissipation or depth of penetration of the herbicides which were applied to the zoysia plots in the field

Protecting the Home: Castle Doctrine in North Carolina

The idea that a person’s home is her castle dates back to at least the seventeenth century in England. This idea can be seen today in a plethora of places throughout American Law, including Fourth Amendment jurisprudence. Part of North Carolina’s self-defense law has been deemed a “castle doctrine,” yet courts have applied its protections inconsistently at best. As it now stands, the North Carolina castle doctrine does not truly afford a homeowner the ability to defend her home from an unlawful intruder. A potential criminal prosecution is the last thing that a homeowner should have to worry about when defending her home from an invasion. This Comment explores the history of the castle doctrine in general, in North Carolina, and in Florida, and offers solutions in the form of amendments to North Carolina General Statutes sections 14-51.2 and 14-51.3