Dynamic monitoring of the shelf life of Cobia (Rachycentron canadum): a study on the applicability of a smart photochromic indicator.

To ensure the marketing of fresh fish-based products, it is necessary to develop fast methods that assess its freshness in real time. This study therefore evaluated the applicability of a photochromic time?temperature indicator (TTI) to monitor the time and temperature history during the period of validity of the whole fish of the cobia specimen stored in ice. The TTI response was both visibly interpreted as well as adaptable to measurement using suitable equipment. The results showed that the smart indicator activated during 6 s of ultraviolet light showed a similar rate of deterioration of the analysed product visual response, proving to be a dynamic shelf life indicator that can assure consumers the ultimate quality point of the entire cobia easily, cheaply and accurately

Aplicação de tratamentos físicos e químicos em sementes de beterraba importada, na erradicação de Ditylenchus dipsaci (KÜNH, 1857) Filipjev, 1936.

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Mineração de dados para identificar atributos genéticos associados à características de interesse econômico à pecuária.

Pesquisadores da área de melhoramento genético possuem cada vez mais acesso a dados genéticos e genômicos e demandam por um método ou ferramenta robusta que atendam às suas necessidades na descoberta de conhecimento

Diagnose e terapia de Fitopatógenos.

Mini-Curs

Soil organic carbon temperature sensitivity of different soil types and land use systems in the Brazilian semi-arid region.

Quantifying the sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition (SOM) to global warming is critical for predict future impacts of climate change on soil organic carbon stocks (SOC) and soil respiration, especially in semi-arid regions such as northeastern Brazil, where SOC stocks are naturally small. In this study, the responses of the labile and recalcitrant carbon components and soil respiration dynamics were evaluated in three different soil types and land use systems (native vegetation, cropland and pasture) of the Brazilian semi-arid region, when submitted to temperature increase. After 169 days of incubation, the results showed that an increase of 5°C generated an average increase in CO2 emission of 12.0%, but which could reach 28.1%. Overall, the labile carbon (LC) in areas of native vegetation showed greater sensitivity to temperature than in cropland areas. It was also observed that recalcitrant carbon (RC) was more sensitive to warming than LC. Our results indicate that Brazil's semi-arid region presents a substantial vulnerability to global warming, and that the sensitivity of RC and of LC in areas of native vegetation to warming can enhance SOC losses, contributing to positive feedback on climate change, and compromising the productive systems of the region. However, further studies evaluating other types of soil and texture and management systems should be carried out to consolidate the results obtained and to improve the understanding about SOM decomposition in the Brazilian semi-arid region

Changes in soil organic carbon and soil aggregation due to deforestation for smallholder management in the Brazilian semi-arid region.

The Brazilian semi-arid region has currently approximately 33.3 million hectares occupied by agriculture, and the inadequate land use and management practices are still predominant, which have been associated with the soil degradation process. Therefore, the aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of conventional agricultural systems (cropland and pasture) on soil structure using water-stable aggregate and aggregation indexes, and to assess the impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in different soil types and textures in the Brazilian semiarid region. The study was carried out in the municipalities of Delmiro Gouveia, Inhapi and Pariconha, in the Brazilian semi-arid region of the state of Alagoas, Brazil. Arenosols, Acrisols and Regosols soil samples were collected at 0–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm layers. The treatments analyzed were: Cropland with 4, 15 and 30 years and pasture with 10 years. As a reference, native vegetation (Caatinga) was used. Our results show that the maintenance of SOC and structure and soil physical quality in conventional agricultural systems in the Brazilian semi-arid region depend on soil type/texture and climate. In agricultural systems in Acrisols with sandy clay loam texture, a 5.4% non significant increase was observed in SOC stocks after 30 years of use compared to SOC stocks in the native vegetation area; while in soils with sandy texture (Arenosols and Regosols), the SOC stocks were reduced by 16.1% in comparison to areas under native vegetation. The analysis of water-stable aggregate in Acrisols showed great predominance of macroaggregates (>2.0 mm). On the other hand, in sandy soils (Arenosols and Regosols), great predominance of mesoaggregates was observed ( 0.25 mm)

Procedimentos e métodos utilizados no intercâmbio e quarentena de germoplasma vegetal.

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Genome of the Avirulent Human-Infective Trypanosome—Trypanosoma rangeli

Background: Trypanosoma rangeli is a hemoflagellate protozoan parasite infecting humans and other wild and domestic mammals across Central and South America. It does not cause human disease, but it can be mistaken for the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi. We have sequenced the T. rangeli genome to provide new tools for elucidating the distinct and intriguing biology of this species and the key pathways related to interaction with its arthropod and mammalian hosts.  Methodology/Principal Findings: The T. rangeli haploid genome is ,24 Mb in length, and is the smallest and least repetitive trypanosomatid genome sequenced thus far. This parasite genome has shorter subtelomeric sequences compared to those of T. cruzi and T. brucei; displays intraspecific karyotype variability and lacks minichromosomes. Of the predicted 7,613 protein coding sequences, functional annotations could be determined for 2,415, while 5,043 are hypothetical proteins, some with evidence of protein expression. 7,101 genes (93%) are shared with other trypanosomatids that infect humans. An ortholog of the dcl2 gene involved in the T. brucei RNAi pathway was found in T. rangeli, but the RNAi machinery is non-functional since the other genes in this pathway are pseudogenized. T. rangeli is highly susceptible to oxidative stress, a phenotype that may be explained by a smaller number of anti-oxidant defense enzymes and heatshock proteins.  Conclusions/Significance: Phylogenetic comparison of nuclear and mitochondrial genes indicates that T. rangeli and T. cruzi are equidistant from T. brucei. In addition to revealing new aspects of trypanosome co-evolution within the vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, comparative genomic analysis with pathogenic trypanosomatids provides valuable new information that can be further explored with the aim of developing better diagnostic tools and/or therapeutic targets