Diversidade genética entre acessos de Jatropha sp.

Uma das formas de identificação rápida de genótipos para composição de um banco de germoplasma é por meio da técnica de marcadores isoenzimáticos e moleculares. Com o objetivo de avaliar a variabilidade genética de acessos de Jatropha sp. Utilizou-se a técnica de marcadores isoenzimáticos e moleculares tipo RAPD. Foram utilizados 14 acessos de pinhão manso de diferentes origens, coletadas folhas jovens e procedido a extração (Isoenzimas) e purificação do DNA (RAPD). Para as isoenzimas a revelação foi feita para os sistemas enzimáticos álcool desidrogenase (ADH), esterase (EST), glutamato oxaloacetato transaminase (GOT) e peroxidase (PO), e na amplificação do DNA foram utilizados 14 oligonucleotídeos, sendo os produtos de amplificação separados em gel de agarose 0,8%, corados com brometo de etídio (0,5 µg/mL) e visualizados sob luz UV. As estimativas das similaridades genéticas (Sgij) entre cada par de genótipos foram calculadas pelo coeficiente de Jaccard usando o programa NTSYS-pc versão 2.1. Na análise de isoenzimas, os acessos mais similares foram 1 e 3, com 89% e o mais divergente foi o acesso 13 com 71%. No RAPD houve formação de grupos da espécie Jatropha curcas L. E do gênero Jatropha sp. O acesso 109 obteve 90% de divergência com os demais acessos. Os grupamentos formados apresentaram origens diversas, sendo possível um estudo de melhoramento visando características agronômicas desejáveis. Com os marcadores utilizados é possível a caracerização do banco de germoplasm

Produção, teor e quantidade acumulada de nutrientes em rabanete cultivado em diferentes substratos.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção, teor e quantidade acumulada de nutrientes em rabanete nos substratos areia, fibra de casca de coco (fcc) e mistura de areia com fibra de casca de coco.Resumo 963

Morphological responses, fruit yield, nutritive value and in vitro gas production of forage watermelon genotypes on semi-arid condition.

This study aimed to evaluate morphological, bromatological, in vitro gas production and yield of forage watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) genotypes in semi-arid condition. Seven genotypes were evaluated were BGCIA 228, BGCIA 239, Jojoba, BGCIA 228 x BGCIA239, BGCIA 228 x BGCIA Jojoba, BGCIA 239 x Jojoba and BGCIA 991. The experimental design was a complete randomized block with three replicates. The genotypes presented differences between the characteristics: fruit length (P = 0.01), vertical diameter (P = 0.02), peel thickness (P = 0.01), fruit pulp thickness (P = 0.02), transversal diameter (P = 0.02), in vitro dry matter digestibility (P = 0.003) and the latency time (P < 0.0001). Cumulative in vitro gas production and gas production rate was not affected by genotypes. None of the studied genotypes had production and productivity affected. Among them, Jojoba and BGCIA 991 stood out for having heavier and longer fruits, and a higher peel thickness and pulp length

Diversidade genética de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. no baixo Rio São Francisco, por meio de marcadores RAPD.

Enterolobium contortisiliquum Vell. Morong (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) é uma espécie muito utilizada em programas de recuperação de matas ciliares no Baixo Rio São Francisco, devido ao seu rápido crescimento inicial. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, por meio de marcadores moleculares RAPD, a diversidade genética de oito indivíduos de uma população remanescente dessa espécie, visando contribuir para a definição de estratégias de coleta de sementes. Os indivíduos estão situados em uma área de 100 ha de mata ciliar do Baixo Rio São Francisco. Para a extração do DNA, pelo método CTAB 2%, foram utilizadas folhas tenras dos indivíduos. Testaram-se 20 oligonucleotídios de 10 bases de seqüência arbitrária, cujos produtos foram separados em gel de agarose 0,8%, submetidos à eletroforese horizontal, corados com brometo-de-etídio e visualizados em luz ultravioleta. A similaridade genética entre os indivíduos foi calculada pelo Coeficiente de Similaridade de Jaccard e a construção do dendrograma, realizada utilizando-se o método UPGMA. O valor médio de diversidade genética entre as matrizes foi de 49%, variando de 33 a 85%. Os indivíduos 6 e 7 apresentaram relativa proximidade genética (67%), não sendo indicado o plantio de suas mudas ou semeadura direta para recuperação de área ciliar em locais muito próximos. A partir dos resultados observados, podem-se desenvolver estratégias para a coleta de sementes e produção de mudas, auxiliando, assim, programas de restauração ambiental

New emigration and Portuguese society: Transnationalism and return

This chapter addresses the theme of transnationalism and return in recent Portuguese emigration, namely the flows that occurred after the turn of the century. It starts with a brief theoretical overview on those topics, which constitute two relatively neglected characteristics of Portuguese emigration. Next, based on a survey carried out in 2014–2015 to more than 6000 recent emigrants, it reveals some of the links that they maintain with their home country, as well as their plans for the future, which include settlement in the destination country, return and re-emigration. Lastly, it examines data on returning emigrants – especially those that returned between 2001 and 2011 – extracted from the 2011 Census. The evidence reveals a significant number of returns, including individuals at both working and retirement ages and at all skill levels, thus exposing the unexpected complexity of movements. The results are based on the research project “Back to the future: new emigration and links with Portuguese society” (REMIGR), which aimed to ascertain the extent and characteristics of the new emigration wave. The project included an overview of emigration and return to and from all regions of the world, as well as case studies in UK, France, Luxembourg, Angola, Mozambique and Brazil.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Exercise training decreases the load and changes the content of circulating SDS-resistant protein aggregates in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

BackgroundHeart failure (HF) often disrupts the protein quality control (PQC) system leading to protein aggregate accumulation. Evidence from tissue biopsies showed that exercise restores PQC system in HF; however, little is known about its effects on plasma proteostasis.AimTo determine the effects of exercise training on the load and composition of plasma SDS-resistant protein aggregates (SRA) in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).MethodsEighteen patients with HFrEF (age: 63.4 +/- 6.5 years; LVEF: 33.4 +/- 11.6%) participated in a 12-week combined (aerobic plus resistance) exercise program (60 min/session, twice per week). The load and content of circulating SRA were assessed using D2D SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. Cardiorespiratory fitness, quality of life, and circulating levels of high-sensitive C-reactive protein, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), haptoglobin and ficolin-3, were also evaluated at baseline and after the exercise program.ResultsThe exercise program decreased the plasma SRA load (% SRA/total protein: 38.0 +/- 8.9 to 36.1 +/- 9.7%, p = 0.018; % SRA/soluble fraction: 64.3 +/- 27.1 to 59.8 +/- 27.7%, p = 0.003). Plasma SRA of HFrEF patients comprised 31 proteins, with alpha-2-macroglobulin and haptoglobin as the most abundant ones. The exercise training significantly increased haptoglobin plasma levels (1.03 +/- 0.40 to 1.11 +/- 0.46, p = 0.031), while decreasing its abundance in SRA (1.83 +/- 0.54 x 1011 to 1.51 +/- 0.59 x 1011, p = 0.049). Cardiorespiratory fitness [16.4(5.9) to 19.0(5.2) ml/kg/min, p = 0.002], quality of life, and circulating NT-proBNP [720.0(850.0) to 587.0(847.3) pg/mL, p = 0.048] levels, also improved after the exercise program.ConclusionExercise training reduced the plasma SRA load and enhanced PQC, potentially via haptoglobin-mediated action, while improving cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life of patients with HFrEF.Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030011, Fundação para a Ciências e a Tecnologia (FCT) BEX 0554/14 - 6info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Rabbit derived VL single-domains as promising scaffolds to generate antibody–drug conjugates

© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are among the fastest-growing classes of therapeutics in oncology. Although ADCs are in the spotlight, they still present significant engineering challenges. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop more stable and effective ADCs. Most rabbit light chains have an extra disulfide bridge, that links the variable and constant domains, between Cys80 and Cys171, which is not found in the human or mouse. Thus, to develop a new generation of ADCs, we explored the potential of rabbit-derived VL-single-domain antibody scaffolds (sdAbs) to selectively conjugate a payload to Cys80. Hence, a rabbit sdAb library directed towards canine non-Hodgkin lymphoma (cNHL) was subjected to in vitro and in vivo phage display. This allowed the identification of several highly specific VL-sdAbs, including C5, which specifically target cNHL cells in vitro and present promising in vivo tumor uptake. C5 was selected for SN-38 site-selective payload conjugation through its exposed free Cys80 to generate a stable and homogenous C5-DAB-SN-38. C5-DAB-SN-38 exhibited potent cytotoxicity activity against cNHL cells while inhibiting DNA-TopoI activity. Overall, our strategy validates a platform to develop a novel class of ADCs that combines the benefits of rabbit VL-sdAb scaffolds and the canine lymphoma model as a powerful framework for clinically translation of novel therapeutics for cancer.This work was supported by the Portuguese Funding Agency, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, FCT IP (SAICT/2017/32085, PTDC/QUI-OUT/3989/2021 and Ph.D. fellowship SFRH/BD/131468/2017 to ASA and SFRH/BD/90514/2012 to JD). CIISA has provided support through Project UIDB/00276/2020, funded by FCT and LA/P/0059/2020-AL4AnimalS. Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa) acknowledges the financial support of Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Projects: PTDC/QUI-OUT/3989/2021; UIDB/04138/2020 and UIDP/04138/2020). The NMR spectrometers are part of the National NMR Network (PTNMR) and are partially supported by Infrastructure Project Nº 022161 (co-financed by FEDER through COMPETE 2020, POCI and PORL and FCT through PIDDAC).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio