Infestação por Aedes aegypti estimada por armadilha de oviposição em Salvador, Bahia

OBJECTIVE: To assess infestation levels of Aedes aegypti using the oviposition trap (ovitrap) method and to compare these results with data obtained with the use of indices traditionally applied in public programs aimed at fighting this vector. METHODS: Nine sentinel areas in Northeastern, Brazil, were assessed and infestation levels were measured for a nine-month period. Egg density and container indices were estimated and compared with previous results found using the house index and Breteau index. RESULTS: The results indicated that the area studied was infested with this vector during the entire study period and that the infestation was widespread in all areas. Different results were found with the different indices studied. There were areas in which the house index and the Breteau index were negative or close to zero, whereas the container index for the same area was 11% and the egg density index was 8.3%. CONCLUSIONS: The container and egg density indices allow better assessment of infestation rates in a city than the conventionally used indices (house index and Breteau index). At lower operational costs and easier standardization, these indices can be applied as a measurement tool for assessing infestation rates during entomological surveillance in programs to fight Aedes aegypti.OBJETIVO: Estimar os índices de infestação do Aedes aegypti, utilizando ovitrampa com atrativo e comparar esse método com os tradicionalmente utilizados nos programas oficiais de combate ao vetor. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas nove áreas sentinelas de Salvador, Estado da Bahia, durante nove meses. Foram calculados os índices de densidade de ovos e positividade de ovitrampa, e levantamento dos índices de infestação predial e de Breteau para comparação. RESULTADOS: Observou-se que o município apresentou infestação pelo vetor durante todo o período de estudo em todas as áreas sentinelas. Os índices nem sempre apresentaram resultados de infestação semelhantes. Em algumas áreas os índices de infestação predial e de Breteau foram negativos ou próximos de zero, enquanto que o índice de positividade de ovitrampa apresentou valor de 11% e o índice de densidade de ovos 8,3%. CONCLUSÕES: O índice de positividade de ovitrampa e o índice de densidade de ovos permitem avaliar melhor o quadro de infestação de uma cidade com custo operacional bastante reduzido e com maior facilidade de padronização do que os índices tradicionais (infestação predial e de Breteau). Recomenda-se, assim, sua utilização nas fases de levantamento de índices e de vigilância entomológica desenvolvidas pelo programa de combate ao Aedes aegypti

Ocorrência de insetos-praga em girassol, no estado do Pará.

Editado por Ana Claudia Barneche de Oliveira, Ana Paula Afonso Scheneid da Rosa e Márcia Vizzotto

Avaliação de comprimento de raízes de palma de óleo, por meio do método de análise de imagem.

O HIE de palma de óleo é obtido pelo cruzamento do Elaeis guineensis Jacq (dendezeiro) e o Elaeis oleífera (Kunth) Cortés (americano), possuindo um sistema radicular bastante desenvolvido. Vem ganhando a atenção de pesquisadores, devido seu baixo grau de suscetibilidade a doenças e anomalias. Contudo, pouco se conhece acerca do sistema radicular. Este trabalho objetivou estimar o comprimento do sistema radicular de um plantio de palma de óleo de oito anos de idade. A coleta foi realizada no Município de Moju-PA,utilizando-se o método dos monólitos. Quatro plantas foram selecionadas, e delas coletadas raízes em diferentes distâncias e profundidades. Os valores de comprimento obtidos pelo SAFIRA® V1.1 foram corrigidos usando fatores de correção. Com os valores de comprimento da subamostra; peso da subamostra e peso total, foi possível obter, através de regra de três, o valor do comprimento total da amostra. Notou-se que as raízes primárias e secundárias apresentaram, constantemente, valores baixos de comprimento, em diferentes distâncias. Percebeu-se que a planta investe em raízes absorventes, para um melhor aproveitamento dos nutrientes que são depositados no solo. As raízes das classes terciária e quaternária apresentaram maior comprimento, quando comparado às classes primárias e secundárias. Estes dados podem ser de grande importância na tomada de decisão sobre a nutrição e os métodos de adubação realizados no solo

Acoustic rehabilitation of middle twentieth century portuguese churches

This paper analyzes two Catholic churches in Portugal (Our Lady of Conception in Porto, and Our Lady of Assumption in Santo Tirso) with acoustic problems related with a very long Reverberation Time and poor speech intelligibility. Both were built in the middle 20th century with a large reverberant interior (volumes of 10,000 and 12,500 m3). The results of in situ acoustic measurements are presented and also compared to those of other Portuguese churches with similar volumetric dimensions. Proposals for the acoustic rehabilitation for each church with a short cost analysis are presented

Durability assessment of external thermal insulation composite systems in urban and maritime environments

Funding Information: The authors acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) for funding the research project PTDC/ECI-EGC/30681/2017 (WGB_Shield – Shielding building facades for cities revitalization. Triple resistance to water, graffiti and biocolonization of external thermal insulation systems), the research units CERIS ( UIDB/04625/2020 ), CERENA ( UIDB/04028/2020 ) and iBB ( UIDP/04565/2020 ), the Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy – i4HB ( LA/P/0140/2020 ), and the Ph.D. scholarship 2020.05180.BD (J. L. Parracha). The authors also acknowledge CIN, Saint-Gobain and Secil for the material supply and the Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA) for the meteorological data. Funding Information: The authors acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) for funding the research project PTDC/ECI-EGC/30681/2017 (WGB_Shield – Shielding building facades for cities revitalization. Triple resistance to water, graffiti and biocolonization of external thermal insulation systems), the research units CERIS (UIDB/04625/2020), CERENA (UIDB/04028/2020) and iBB (UIDP/04565/2020), the Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy – i4HB (LA/P/0140/2020), and the Ph.D. scholarship 2020.05180.BD (J. L. Parracha). The authors also acknowledge CIN, Saint-Gobain and Secil for the material supply and the Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA) for the meteorological data. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier B.V.External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems (ETICS) are multilayer solutions which provide an enhanced thermal performance to the building envelope. However, significant anomalies can be detected on ETICS facades, in some cases shortly after the application of these systems. This study intends to evaluate and compare the durability of six commercially available ETICS after two years of outdoor exposure at both urban and maritime conditions in Portugal. The systems were characterized by means of non-destructive testing (i.e., visual and microscopic assessment, water transport properties, thermal conductivity, surface roughness), thus allowing to evaluate the performance loss throughout natural aging. The bio-susceptibility and aesthetic properties (color and gloss) were also investigated. Results showed that the performance and durability of the complete system is significantly affected by the rendering system formulation. The lime-based specimens obtained the highest rate of mold development after one year of aging in a maritime environment, becoming considerably darker and with lower surface gloss. Fungal analysis of this darkish stained area indicated the presence of mold species of the genera Alternaria, Didymella, Cladosporium and Epicoccum, and yeasts of the genera Vishniacozyma and Cystobasidium. An increase of both capillary water absorption and water vapor permeability was also registered for the aged lime-based specimens. Acrylic-based systems obtained lower capillary water absorption after aging and greater dirt deposition on their surfaces, especially in urban conditions. These systems had also higher color variation and surface gloss decrease and slightly higher mold growth, when compared with those aged in a maritime environment. Finally, no mold growth was detected on the silicate-based specimens after two years of aging. However, these specimens obtained higher capillary water absorption and lower vapor permeability after aging, possibly leading to moisture accumulation within the system. Results contribute towards the development of ETICS with enhanced performance and durability.publishersversionpublishe