8,719 research outputs found
Flash of photons from the early stage of heavy-ion collisions
The dynamics of partonic cascades may be an important aspect for particle
production in relativistic collisions of nuclei at CERN SPS and BNL RHIC
energies. Within the Parton-Cascade Model, we estimate the production of single
photons from such cascades due to scattering of quarks and gluons q g -> q
gamma, quark-antiquark annihilation q qbar -> g gamma, or gamma gamma, and from
electromagnetic brems-strahlung of quarks q -> q gamma. We find that the latter
QED branching process plays the dominant role for photon production, similarly
as the QCD branchings q -> q g and g -> g g play a crucial role for parton
multiplication. We conclude therefore that photons accompanying the parton
cascade evolution during the early stage of heavy-ion collisions shed light on
the formation of a partonic plasma.Comment: 4 pages including 3 postscript figure
Bose-Einstein Final State Symmetrization for Event Generators of Heavy Ion Collisions
We discuss algorithms which allow to calculate identical two-particle
correlations from numerical simulations of relativistic heavy ion collisions. A
toy model is used to illustrate their properties.Comment: Talk given at CRIS'98 (Catania, June 8-12, 1998), to appear in
"CRIS'98: Measuring the size of things in the Universe: HBT interferometry
and heavy ion physics", (S. Costa et al., eds.), World Scientific, Singapore,
1998. (10 pages Latex, 1 eps-figure, extended version of conference
proceedings, Fig1 a,b added and corresponding discussion enlarged
Bose-Einstein Correlations in a Space-Time Approach to e+ e- Annihilation into Hadrons
A new treatment of Bose-Einstein correlations is incorporated in a space-time
parton-shower model for e+ e- annihilation into hadrons. Two alternative
afterburners are discussed, and we use a simple calculable model to demonstrate
that they reproduce successfully the size of the hadron emission region. One of
the afterburners is used to calculate two-pion correlations in e+ e- -> Z^0 ->
hadrons and e+ e- -> W+ W- -> hadrons. Results are shown with and without
resonance decays, for correlations along and transverse to the thrust jet axis
in these two classes of events.Comment: 30 pages, Latex, 8 figure
Parton cascade description of relativistic heavy-ion collisions at CERN SPS energies ?
We examine Pb+Pb collisions at CERN SPS energy 158 A GeV, by employing the
earlier developed and recently refined parton-cascade/cluster-hadronization
model and its Monte Carlo implementation. This space-time model involves the
dynamical interplay of perturbative QCD parton production and evolution, with
non-perturbative parton-cluster formation and hadron production through cluster
decays. Using computer simulations, we are able to follow the entwined
time-evolution of parton and hadron degrees of freedom in both position and
momentum space, from the instant of nuclear overlap to the final yield of
particles. We present and discuss results for the multiplicity distributions,
which agree well with the measured data from the CERN SPS, including those for
K mesons. The transverse momentum distributions of the produced hadrons are
also found to be in good agreement with the preliminary data measured by the
NA49 and the WA98 collaboration for the collision of lead nuclei at the CERN
SPS. The analysis of the time evolution of transverse energy deposited in the
collision zone and the energy density suggests an existence of partonic matter
for a time of more than 5 fm.Comment: 16 pages including 7 postscript figure
Criticality for branching processes in random environment
We study branching processes in an i.i.d. random environment, where the
associated random walk is of the oscillating type. This class of processes
generalizes the classical notion of criticality. The main properties of such
branching processes are developed under a general assumption, known as
Spitzer's condition in fluctuation theory of random walks, and some additional
moment condition. We determine the exact asymptotic behavior of the survival
probability and prove conditional functional limit theorems for the generation
size process and the associated random walk. The results rely on a stimulating
interplay between branching process theory and fluctuation theory of random
walks.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000928 in the
Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of
Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Isoscalar-isovector mass splittings in excited mesons
Mass splittings between the isovector and isoscalar members of meson nonets
arise in part from hadronic loop diagrams which violate the Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka
rule.
Using a model for these loop processes which works qualitatively well in the
established nonets, I tabulate predictions for the splittings and associated
isoscalar mixing angles in the remaining nonets below about 2.5 GeV, and
explain some of their systematic features.
The results for excited vector mesons compare favorably with experiment.Comment: 8 RevTeX pages, including 1 LaTeX figure.
CMU-HEP93-23/DOE-ER-40682-4
Analysis of reaction dynamics at RHIC in a combined parton/hadron transport approach
We introduce a transport approach which combines partonic and hadronic
degrees of freedom on an equal footing and discuss the resulting reaction
dynamics. The initial parton dynamics is modeled in the framework of the parton
cascade model, hadronization is performed via a cluster hadronization model and
configuration space coalescence, and the hadronic phase is described by a
microscopic hadronic transport approach. The resulting reaction dynamics
indicates a strong influence of hadronic rescattering on the space-time pattern
of hadronic freeze-out and on the shape of transverse mass spectra. Freeze-out
times and transverse radii increase by factors of 2 - 3 depending on the hadron
species.Comment: 10 pages, 4 eps figures include
Move Forward and Tell: A Progressive Generator of Video Descriptions
We present an efficient framework that can generate a coherent paragraph to
describe a given video. Previous works on video captioning usually focus on
video clips. They typically treat an entire video as a whole and generate the
caption conditioned on a single embedding. On the contrary, we consider videos
with rich temporal structures and aim to generate paragraph descriptions that
can preserve the story flow while being coherent and concise. Towards this
goal, we propose a new approach, which produces a descriptive paragraph by
assembling temporally localized descriptions. Given a video, it selects a
sequence of distinctive clips and generates sentences thereon in a coherent
manner. Particularly, the selection of clips and the production of sentences
are done jointly and progressively driven by a recurrent network -- what to
describe next depends on what have been said before. Here, the recurrent
network is learned via self-critical sequence training with both sentence-level
and paragraph-level rewards. On the ActivityNet Captions dataset, our method
demonstrated the capability of generating high-quality paragraph descriptions
for videos. Compared to those by other methods, the descriptions produced by
our method are often more relevant, more coherent, and more concise.Comment: Accepted by ECCV 201
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