STRATEGIC TEACHING PLAN FOR THE TRAINING OF STUDENTS TOWARDS THE CREATION AND MANAGEMENT OF FAMILY BUSINESSES IN BARCELONA, SPAIN

Las empresas familiares son uno de los principales impulsores de la economía, de ahí la relevancia de estudiarlas. Hay varias contribuciones de especialistas nacionales en el tema de las empresas familiares, pero los estudios y las herramientas desarrolladas con el fin de profesionalizar a este tipo de empresas son insuficientes. Por lo tanto, el objetivo principal de esta investigación es diseñar un plan de enseñanza estratégico con características interdisciplinarias para la formación de estudiantes hacia la creación y gestión de empresas familiares en Barcelona, ​​España, respondiendo a las necesidades y demandas de la sociedad. La metodología utilizada es de naturaleza cuantitativa, con un alcance de acuerdo con el nivel de conocimiento obtenido con dicha investigación: exploratorio-descriptivo. También requería un tipo transaccional descriptivo no experimental, todo para investigar la incidencia y proporcionar una visión de la comunidad de estudio. La unidad de análisis utilizada fue el profesorado del área de Organización de empresas. Con base en el plan de enseñanza estratégico propuesto, se pretende que los maestros adquieran primero las mismas habilidades que los estudiantes deben administrar y dirigir las empresas familiares

LA IMPORTANCIA DEL DISEÑO DE ESTRATEGIAS CONGRUENTES CON EL CONTEXTO LOCAL PARA INCREMENTAR LA INSERCIÓN LABORAL DE JÓVENES: UN ANÁLISIS DEL IMPACTO DE REDES SOCIALES EN EL SURESTE DE MÉXICO

Each day world statistics on youth unemployment increase and there is an apparent lack of clear agreement on strategies to curb the current trends. The International Labour Organisation reported in 2013 that were more than 73 million unemployed youths between 15 and 24 years old. We argue in this paper that public policy is not always best adapted to local contexts when it comes to actions to raise workplace insertion amongst this segment of the population. With reference to a study of university graduates in a public university in the southeast of Mexico, we evaluate the impact of national public policy which takes pertinence and quality of higher education programmes as the key factors that influence school to work transition; but we also evaluate the impact of a well-known and highly used local factor which is ignored by the public policy models, namely horizontal social networks. Alternative strategies are proposed on the basis of the results of this study and we close by generalising the lessons learned in this study to the problems of youth unemployment in general

Challenges and progresses made on the microkinetic description of lignin liquefaction: Application of group contribution methods

In this presentation a comprehensive microkinetic modelling framework and experimental tools are used to describe product yield and composition of direct lignin liquefaction processes with and without solvents (See Figure 1). With the framework proposed we aim to develop a unified theory and models capable of describing both dry (pyrolysis) and wet (hydrothermal and solvolysis) lignin liquefaction processes. An important phenomenon that has been shown to occur during lignin pyrolysis (as well as cellulose) is the formation of a liquid intermediate phase, and subsequent ejection of heavy products (\u3e~250 Da) as aerosols from this intermediate. In our presentation we will focus on the nature of lignin pyrolysis liquid intermediate through analysis of phase change equilibria temperatures for relevant lignin fragments, using group contribution methods. Specifically, estimation of boiling (Tb) and melting (Tm) points of lignin fragments was done using ARTIST software (Dortmund Data Bank Software & Separation Technology, GmbH). In total, 50 different lignin fragments were drawn, and their boiling and melting temperatures were calculated. The 50 fragments include monomers, dimers, trimers and tetrameters, with a variety of H, G and S units and inter-unit linkages. Figure 2 shows the calculated phase-change equilibria temperatures plotted against the number of aromatic units in a given lignin fragment. The dotted line at 400 °C is included as the approximate temperature at which both rupture of aliphatic linkages and conversion of short aromatic ring substituents occurs, but is less than the temperature for rearrangement of polycyclic structures. The collection of lignin fragments, such that Tm \u3c 400 \u3c Tb, make up the set of molecules that can exist as a liquid intermediate during pyrolysis, and are therefore the ones that have potential to be ejected as aerosols. The average lignin fragment in this range has 2.50 (± 0.11, standard error) aromatic units, molecular weight of 414 (± 20) Da, melting point of 292 (± 13) °C, and boiling point of 573 (± 19) °C. Relying solely on this analysis, one would expect these to be characteristics of an average molecule ejected as a liquid-phase aerosol during pyrolysis of lignin. Based on the quantification of phase equilibria temperatures, this liquid state can contain dimers and trimers, but typically not tetrameters or larger (they will preferentially depolymerize), or monomers (they will vaporize). It is these dimer and trimer products that should make up the majority of the heavy liquid products collected as aerosols. In order to validate this model, comparison was made with previously published work from Pecha, et al. (Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 56, 2017, 9079-9089) and Bai, et al. (Fuel, 128, 2014, 170-179), who analyzed lignin pyrolysis oil with FT-ICR-MS. There is good agreement between the weights of species detected experimentally in these studies and those determined in this work based on group contribution calculations. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

Innovación y Emprendimiento : Innovación y emprendimiento de los pequeños y medianos productores agroindustriales en Nicaragua

El presente trabajo de investigación, es el resultado de una minuciosa investigación documental, que permite conocer las innovaciones que están realizando las agroindustrias en Nicaragua. Este documento hace referencia a las iniciativas que tienen los productores para agregar valor y transformar su producción, los logros a través de las asistencias brindadas por el gobierno de Nicaragua y por otros Organismos no gubernamentales, quienes han sido los promotores de impulsar el fomento al emprendedurismo de las familias productoras, también los han ayudado a superar algunos de los retos y limitantes a los que se enfrentan. Para fortalecer la investigación se realizó un trabajo de campo en el parque nacional de feria, donde se aplicaron encuestas a los pequeños productores que asisten a ofertar sus productos ya transformados. Esta feria es impulsada por la Dirección del Parque de Ferias del Ministerio de Economía Familiar, institución que trabaja bajo los ejes de los programas de Gobierno, tales como el Programa Nacional de Agroindustria Rurales (PNAIR), quinen tiene como objetivo promover las innovaciones y las transformación de productos procesados. El presente estudio se realizó con la finalidad de conocer de qué manera las familias productoras están innovando y emprendiendo nuevas actividades dentro de su proceso productivo. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron conocer las distintas formas en que las familias productoras están innovando. Sobresaliendo entre ellos productos como mermeladas, cajetas, vinos y medicina natural, los cuales han venido mejorando la presentación de sus productos, que les da una mejor presentación, al igual que el envasado, entre otros

An Intervention to Promote Navajo Gardening, Nutrition, and Community Wellness

The rates of diabetes and obesity in Navajo communities are higher than national rates. A healthy diet of fresh fruits and vegetables will help to prevent and reduce such rates. So the project focuses on promoting gardening to make vegetables and fruits more accessible at the comfort of one’s own home. Previous research in this area shows that gardeners consume 2 more servings of fruits and vegetables than nongardeners. Thirty participants were recruited by flyer distribution at chapter houses, senior centers, and community centers, from four Navajo targeted areas: Shiprock, NM; Tsaile, AZ; Lukachukai, AZ, and Hogback, NM. With the involvement of the participants, we build gardens at each home. Once the garden is complete, the participants will independently maintain it, and monthly check ups will be conducted. Workshops on gardening techniques will be provided so that participants will be able to independently sustain their garden. Each participant had to sign a consent form prior to conducting any gardening activity. In addition, an interview and a survey was conducted with each participant. The survey questioned the participants’ eating habits, focusing on the regularity of fruit and vegetable consumption, the consumption of sodas and other sugary drinks, etc. An additional two surveys will be conducted, one taken midway of the project and the other at the conclusion of the project. The three surveys dispersed throughout the project will document changes in the participants’ eating habits. Our long term goal is increasing servings of vegetables and fruits consumed, and to ensure sustainable gardens at homes