Trastornos de la comunicación en el autismo

[Resumen] El autismo es un trastorno generalizado del desarrollo caracterizado, entre otros rasgos, por una falta de interés y/o capacidad para la comunicación y para la interacción social. En este artículo hemos querido dar una visión general de los distintos rasgos que caracterizan el espectro autista, así conceptualizado por la gran variabilidad en la gravedad de sus síntomas. Entre estos, hemos descrito las deficiencias en la interacción social, las respuestas atípicas a los estímulos sensoriales, las deficiencias motoras y conductas atípicas, los trastornos afectivos, el repertorio limitado de actividades e intereses y las deficiencias cognitivas. Nos hemos centrado en los trastornos del lenguaje y en los síndromes principales, para finalmente, proporcionar una visión general de las principales intervenciones encaminadas al desarrollo y mejora de la comunicación en el autism

Portland cement pastes analysed by synchrotron and laboratory X-ray imaging

Portland Cement (PC) is the most used construction material and the derived building materials have very complex hierarchical microstructures. Quantitative characterization of their microstructures is of paramount importance for assessing the performance and durability of the final products. As cement performance is controlled by its phase composition and microstructure, in particular, the pore network plays a critical role in the mechanical properties and durability. The chemical and hydration changes in PC binders affect their performances mainly because of the binding properties of the main component, the so-called C-S-H gel. Here, we analyse porosity in PC pastes using laboratory and synchrotron X-ray micro-tomography with different water to cement mass ratios (w/c) after 28 days of hydration. Monochromatic synchrotron X-ray microtomography is used for reference and the main aim is determining volume percentage of different components with focus on porosity. It will be shown, as expected, that higher amount of water (that increases fluidity of pastes) results in higher porosities at 28 days of hydration. Therefore, in the histogram and tomograms more pores, hydrated materials, and less anhydrous materials would appear with increasing w/c (see Figure 1). The excellent spatial resolution (and slightly better contrast) of synchrotron experiments serve as reference for data analysis. Despite 0.2-0.3 m voxel-sizes in all the used experimental setups (see Figure 2), the laboratory tomograms show some limitations that will be discussed. In this work, a two-steps approach is followed. Firstly, we will report the analysis of the histograms by classifying in the three types of components based on grey-levels: i) pores, ii) hydrated components; and iii) unreacted cement phases. Secondly, segmented pore contribution will be further analyzed and the results from laboratory tomograms will be compared with the reference values derived from synchrotron data.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Relationship between Parenting Styles and Aggressiveness in Adolescents

Abstract Introduction. Physical and verbal aggressive behavior that children and adolescents sho

Occupational therapy and professional identity: narratives of professionals through life history. study protocol

[Abstract] Project title: Occupational therapy and professional identity: narratives of professionals through life history. Study Protocol. Design: Qualitative research, using a socio-critical paradigm and biographical-narrative method where participants were selected through theoretical sampling and snowball sampling strategy. Data collection techniques were life stories, constructed through biograms, self-reports and biographical interviews. Abductive reasoning was used along with structural analysis techniques, narrative analysis, and ATLAS. ti software. Objective: To describe and analyze the occupational construct of the professional identity of occupational therapists in Spain. Specific Objectives: (1) Analyze life events, transitions, and turning points that contribute to the outlining of the life journey of professional identity. (2) Explore the management of professional tasks. (3) Analyze the nature of the knowledge required to carry out the role. (4) Examine in detail the strategies applied to the personal engagement of occupational therapists. Study Population and Total Number of Participants: The study population consisted of professionals who are currently working as occupational therapists in Spain. The number of participants was established when data saturation was reached, with a total of nine informants

Analysis of occupational therapy students’ pedagogical practices for the forging of professional identity and development of professional intelligence: a scoping review

Review[Abstract] Pedagogical practices contribute to enhancing professional intelligence which is an indicator of maturity and development of professional identity. The research guiding question was: What are the pedagogical practices involved in occupational therapy students' professional identity formation? A scoping review using a six-stage methodological framework was used to capture a variety of evidence describing how professional identity has been conceptualised and integrated into the occupational therapy curriculum while noticing a link to professional intelligence. Databases included were: Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ProQuest ERIC, Scopus, Web of Science, CSIC, Dialnet, PubMed, Pubmed Central, OTDBASE and Scielo. Qualitative content analysis was used to categorise learning outcomes into five components of professional identity that were associated with the pedagogical practices identified in the studies. n = 58 peer-reviewed journal articles were recorded. The articles were classified as intervention studies (n = 31; 53.4%), reviews (n = 12; 20.7%) and theoretical articles (n = 15; 25.9%). To ensure the feasibility of collecting and reporting results, we narrowed the focus to n = 31 intervention studies that provided information on pedagogical practices and learning outcomes on professional identity forging in students. This scoping review illustrates the variety of contexts in which students learn, the multiple dimensions of identity establishment, and the variety of pedagogical practices. These findings can be used to adapt and design focused formative curricula that support the development of professional identity

Belite calcium sulfoaluminate cement early hydration: citric acid sensitivity.

Three buckets, corresponding to three selected samples, of the same type of belite calcium sulfoaluminate (BCSA) cements have been studied. These cements show very similar elemental and mineralogical compositions, and textural properties. Mortars, for mechanical strength characterisation at 3 and 24 hours, were prepared by two different methodologies: i) with w/c of 0.40 without citric acid and ii) with w/c=0.40 and adding 0.375 wt% by weight of cement (bwc) of citric acid used as a retarder. On the one hand, the mechanical strengths, at 24 hours, obtained by the three mortars prepared by both methodologies are almost coincident, 61(5) MPa without citric acid and 61(4) MPa for the mortars prepared with citric acid. On the other hand, the early mechanical strengths at 3 hours for the mortars prepared without citric acid are also almost coincident among the three cements, i.e. ~49(3) MPa. However, when the citric acid is added, the mechanical strengths at 3 hours are quite different among the three buckets, i.e. 34(1), 42(1) and 48(1) MPa, respectively. The main aim of this study is to understand the reasons causing the different early mechanical strengths. First of all, a full characterization of the three cements has been performed: textural properties, elemental composition by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and mineralogical composition, including the amorphous content, by Laboratory X-Ray Powder Diffraction (LXRPD) combined with the Rietveld method. Moreover, the soluble sulphate contents within the first minutes of hydration are being determined. An isothermal calorimetry study at 20ºC for pastes without and with different amounts of citric acid will be presented as well as in situ X-Ray powder diffraction data analysis. The results will be discussed to give a picture of the early hydration behaviour of these BCSA cements.CTS cement corporation, CSA research Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Historical exploratory mapping on mentoring and occupational therapy in the journals of occupational therapy included in the journal citation reports: scoping review

[Resumen] Realizar una revisión para identificar y describir la literatura publicada en revistas con factor de impacto sobre mentoría y terapia ocupacional, desde el año 1980 hasta el año 2019. Por ese motivo enmarcamos el artículo en un scoping review y más concretamente dentro de un mapeo exploratorio histórico sobre mentoría y terapia ocupacional con el objeto de conocer las líneas de investigación en las revistas de terapia ocupacional incluidas en Journal Citation Reports. En la revisión tuvimos en cuenta las pautas PRISMA en cinco etapas. Hicimos una búsqueda en la base de datos Web Of Science (WOS) y Medline (Pubmed) y una búsqueda de la literatura. Se clasificaron los datos atendiendo a título, persona autora, características de la publicación, objetivos del estudio y diseño del estudio. Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión, de las 617 referencias recuperadas, 63 fueron los artículos seleccionados a texto completo. En el año 2016 hubo una mayor producción científica un 11,1%, la American Journal of Occupational Therapy es la que más número de artículos aglutina un 57,1%, seguida de la Australian occupational Therapy Journal con 19%. La mayoría de las publicaciones son artículos originales un 75,6% los cuales exploran la relación entre la mentoría y el desarrollo profesional, la gestión de la mentoría y la formación de mentoría en estudiantes y profesionales. Podemos concluir que el volumen de publicación tuvo un crecimiento no lineal desde 1980 hasta el año 2019, habiendo un equilibrio entre la investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa. Sin embargo, la naturaleza de las revistas Journal Citation Reports de terapia ocupacional hace que predominen las investigaciones de habla anglosajona situación que coincide con la procedencia de las personas autoras.[Abstract] Identify and describe the literature published in journals with an impact factor on mentoring and occupational therapy through a review, from 1980 to 2019. The article is framed in a scoping review and more specifically within a historical exploratory mapping on mentoring and occupational therapy. In order to know the lines of research in the journals of occupational therapy included on the Journal Citation Reports. The review was made according the five stages of the PRISMA guidelines. The research was made in the Web Of Science (WOS) and Medline (Pubmed) database and a literature search. Data were classified according to title, author, publication characteristics, study objectives and study design. After applying the inclusion criteria, 617 references were retrieved, 63 articles were selected in full text. In 2016 the scientific production was increased by 11.1%. The highest number of articles are been by the the American Journal of Occupational Therapy with a 57.1% followed by the Australian Occupational Therapy Journal with a 19%. Most of the publications are original articles a 75.6% explore the relationship between mentoring and professional development, mentoring management and mentoring training in students and professionals. Between 1980 to 2019 there were a non-linear growth of the the volume of publications in balance between quantitative and qualitative research. However, the predominant research are Anglo-Saxon-speaking that coincides with the origin of the authors

Many-particle Brownian and Langevin Dynamics Simulations with the Brownmove package

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Brownian Dynamics (BD) is a coarse-grained implicit-solvent simulation method that is routinely used to investigate binary protein association dynamics, but due to its efficiency in handling large simulation volumes and particle numbers it is well suited to also describe many-protein scenarios as they often occur in biological cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Here we introduce our "brownmove" simulation package which was designed to handle many-particle problems with varying particle numbers and allows for a very flexible definition of rigid and flexible protein and polymer models. Both a Brownian and a Langevin dynamics (LD) propagation scheme can be used and hydrodynamic interactions are treated efficiently with our recently introduced TEA-HI ansatz [Geyer, Winter, JCP 130 (2009) 114905]. With simulations of constrained polymers and flexible models of spherical proteins we demonstrate that it is crucial to include hydrodynamics when multi-bead models are used in BD or LD simulations. Only then both the translational and the rotational diffusion coefficients and the timescales of the internal dynamics can be reproduced correctly. In the third example project we show how constant density boundary conditions [Geyer et al, JCP 120 (2004) 4573] can be used to set up a non-equilibrium simulation of diffusional transport across an array of fixed obstacles. Finally, we demonstrate how the agglomeration dynamics of multiple particles with attractive patches can be analysed conveniently with the help of a dynamic interaction network.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Combining BD and LD propagation, fast hydrodynamics, a flexible protein model, and interfaces for "open" simulation settings, our freely available "brownmove" simulation package constitutes a new platform for coarse-grained many-particle simulations of biologically relevant diffusion and transport processes.</p

Efectos del entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad durante el periodo transitorio en jugadores de fútbol sub-19

Actualmente existe un creciente interés por la aplicación del entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad (HIIT) en fútbol (Buchheit et al. 2013). La eficacia mostrada por esta metodología de entrenamiento para mejorar las variables del rendimiento ha provocado una mayor aplicación en deportes colectivos (Iaia et al. 2009). Sin embargo, es escasa la literatura científica acerca de su impacto en fútbol. Por ello, el objetivo del trabajo es comparar los efectos sobre el rendimiento del HIIT versus entrenamiento tradicional durante el periodo transitorio invernal en jugadores de fútbol sub-19

Effect of alkanolamines in kaolinitic calcined clays pozzolanic reactivity.

Five kaolinitic clays with different amounts of kaolinite, ranging between ~70 wt% and ~30 wt%, have been studied to unravel the possible activation effect of alkanolamines on the aluminate fraction of calcined clays. This is of interest for enhancing the reactivity of LC3 binders. These clays were calcinated at 860ºC for 4 h and ground to particle sizes of DV,50 ~10 μm. Three alkanolamines were selected: triisopropanolamine (TIPA), triethanolamine (TEA) and methyldiethanolamine (MDEOA), added in two dosages, 0.025 and 0.050 wt% (by weight of calcined clay, bwcc). The role of alkanolamines as activators in calcined clays was assessed following the ASTM c1897 standard bases on R3-tests. Concretely, first by measuring the heat evolved due to the pozzolanic reaction of the calcined clay and Ca(OH)2 (i.e. R3 mixture) by isothermal calorimetry at 40ºC during 7 days, and second, the bounded water by measuring the weight loss of R3 mixture after heating them at 350ºC.This study concludes that there is no significant activation of the pozzolanic activity of kaolinitic calcined clays just by adding alkanolamines. However, a mild activation was observed, i.e., higher heat evolved up to 7 days, by adding 0.05 wt% bwcc of TIPA, TEA and MDEOA to a high kaolinite content disordered metakaolin with high specific surface area calcined clay.PID2020-114650RB-I00 CTS cement corporation Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech