Structural and Functional Organization of the Vestibular Apparatus in Rats Subjected to Weightlessness for 19.5 Days Aboard the Kosmos-782 Satellite

The vestibular apparatus was investigated in rats subjected to weightlessness for 19.5 days. The vestibular apparatus was removed and its sections were fixed in a glutaraldehyde solution for investigation by light and electron microscopes. Structural and functional charges were noted in the otolith portions of the ear, with the otolith particles clinging to the utricular receptor surface and with the peripheral arrangement of the nucleolus in the nuclei of the receptor cells. It is possible that increased edema of the vestibular tissue resulted in the destruction of some receptor cells and in changes in the form and structure of the otolith. In the horizontal crista, the capula was separated

FOOD QUALITY EVALUATION ACCORDING TO THEIR COLOR CHARACTERISTICS

This paper looks at some of the most important aspects related to sensory characteristics and examples of applications of color characteristics to define the quality of food products. The purpose of the study is exploring the possibilities of combining data from different sensors in order to increase the accuracy of classification of food products. For the assessment of quality there is used probabilistic neural networks. The procedure has been successfully tested to increase the accuracy in data experiments for quality classification citrus juices. The results show the potential of the proposed type of classifiers to be used as a rapid, objective and non-destructive tool for quality assessment on real recognition systems in the near future

Problems and prospects of human capital development in modern Russia

Purpose: In the context of dynamically changing modern labor market there is a need to develop a model of congruence and correlation of the process of building professional competencies provided by educational standards. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was performed using monographic, abstract logical, sociological and statistical methods. However, this approach does not imply the formation of supra-professional competencies, which generally predetermine the success of professional tasks performed by a specialist. Findings: The article discusses the role of human capital as a fundamental factor affecting the increase in the competitiveness of production. Practical implications: The study focusses on the most demanded competencies for the development of digital society. The authors have grouped countries by level of human capital use. Originality/Value: At present, the appropriate parameters for measuring professional and general cultural competencies have been adopted as a system for assessing the quality of education in general and the quality of specialist training.peer-reviewe

Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis of Silicon Carbide and Silicon Nitride Nanopowders Composition using Sodium Azide and Halides

Regularities of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) or combustion synthesis (CS) by using “silicon – sodium azide – ammonium hexafluorosilicate – carbon – aluminum” powder mixture in the nitrogen atmosphere were investigated. The thermodynamic analysis of the combustion synthesis was performed. Experimental investigation of the combustion process: the measurement of linear rates of the combustion front propagation and the maximum combustion temperatures was conducted in a laboratory reactor with working volume 4.5 liters. The influence of the components ratio in the initial mixture on the combustion temperature, combustion rate and composition of reaction product was studied. The phase composition of the product synthesized was determined with an X-ray diffractometer. It was disclosed that the SHS product consists of the composition (mixture) of silicon carbide nanopowder with silicon nitride whiskers and a final halide. Investigation of surface topography and morphology of the product particles was carried out with a scanning electron microscope. Optimal mixture for the synthesis of nanoscale composition based on silicon carbide was determined: “14Si+6NaN3+(NH4)2SiF6+15C+Al”. In this case, the SHS product consists of four phases: silicon carbide (β-SiC) – 48.57 wt.%, α-silicon nitride (α-Si3N4) – 27.04 wt.%, β-silicon nitride (β-Si3N4) – 5.83 wt.%, and sodium hexafluoroaluminate (Na3AlF6) – 18.56 wt.%. The average particle size of the composition was in the range of 70–130 nm. It was shown that the composition of the silicon carbide with silicon nitride and the final halide Na3AlF6 playing a role a flux can be used as a modifier of castable aluminum alloys and as a reinforcing phase of aluminomatrix composites

INTELLIGENT CLASSIFIERS FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE DETERMINATION OF FOOD QUALITY

The paper analyzes the possibilities to non-destructively determine food quality (potatoes, eggs) by means of the spectra of transmission in the visible and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The research includes the creation and testing of a training sample of representative samples and the evaluation of the possibilities for classification using Neural Classifier and Support Vector Machines method (SVM).Key words: non-destructive quality evaluation, pattern recognition, food quality, classifier

Структурные изменения в маточных трубах у больных с эктопической беременностью

Relevance.Ectopic (extrauterine) pregnancy (EP) occupies a leading place in the structure of urgent gynecological morbidity. This pathology poses a threat to the health and life of a woman, being one of the leading causes of maternal mortality during pregnancy during the first trimester. Among emergency gynecological operations, surgical interventions for EP make up about 50%, and in recent years, most operations have been performed by the laparoscopic method. However, up to now, the pathomorphological changes in the fallopian tubes in patients with EP remain poorly understood.Purpose of the study. To study the features of pathomorphological changes in the fallopian tubes in women with tubal pregnancy, operated on by the laparoscopic method, to substantiate the volume of surgery in patients with this pathology.Material and methods. Morphological examination was performed in 100 women operated on for tubal pregnancy using the laparoscopic method. A comprehensive morphological study of the fallopian tubes removed during the operation was carried out.Results and discussion. The implantation of the ovum in the fallopian tube led to significant changes in its macro- and microstructure, which were caused by the invasion of chorionic villi and involved all layers of the tube wall, differing only in the depth of penetration and prevalence. The anatomical features of the structure of the fallopian tubes contributed to the deep invasion of the ovum into the myosalpinx and subserous parts of the tube, creating the possibility of wall rupture in this area.Conclusions. 1. In all cases of ectopic pregnancy, implantation of the ovum was accompanied by invasion of cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast, and it involved all layers of the tube wall, differing only in depth and prevalence. The invasive properties of the cytotrophoblast lead to the development of pronounced degenerative changes in the tube wall, which leads to functional inferiority of the tube after the onset of tubal pregnancy in it.2. The chronic productive endomyosalpingitis diagnosed in most patients with ectopic pregnancy with deformation of the tube lumen against the background of changes in the tube wall caused by cytotrophoblastic invasion is an indication for tubectomy. Performing organ-preserving operations on an anatomically and functionally altered fallopian tube is impractical, since it is a high risk factor for recurrent tubal pregnancy in this tube.Актуальность. Эктопическая (внематочная) беременность (ЭБ) занимает ведущее место в структуре ургентной гинекологической заболеваемости. Данная патология представляет угрозу здоровью и жизни женщины, являясь одной из ведущих причин материнской смертности при беременности в I триместре. Среди экстренных гинекологических операций хирургические вмешательства по поводу ЭБ составляют около 50%, причем в последние годы большинство операций выполняется лапароскопическим методом. Однако до настоящего времени остаются малоизученными патоморфологические изменения маточных труб у больных с ЭБ.Цель исследования. Изучить особенности патоморфологических изменений в маточных трубах у женщин с трубной беременностью, оперированных лапароскопическим методом, для обоснования объема оперативного вмешательства у пациенток с данной патологией.Материал и методы. Морфологическое исследование выполнено у 100 женщин, оперированных по поводу трубной беременности с использованием лапароскопического метода. Проведено комплексное морфо- логическое исследование маточных труб, удаленных во время операции.Результаты и их обсуждение. Имплантация плодного яйца в маточной трубе приводила к значительным изменениям ее макро- и микроструктуры, которые были обусловлены инвазией ворсин хориона и касались всех слоев стенки трубы, отличаясь лишь глубиной проникновения и распространенностью. Анатомические особенности строения маточных труб способствовали глубокой инвазии плодного яйца в миосальпинкс и субсерозные отделы трубы, создавая возможность разрыва стенки в этой зоне.Выводы. 1. Во всех случаях эктопической беременности имплантация плодного яйца сопровождалась инвазией цитотрофобласта и синцитиотрофобласта, причем она касалась всех слоев стенки трубы, отличаясь лишь глубиной и распространенностью. Инвазивные свойства цитотрофобласта приводят к развитию выраженных дегенеративных изменений стенки трубы, что приводит к функциональной неполноценности трубы после возникновения в ней трубной беременности.2. Диагностированный у большинства больных с эктопической беременностью хронический продуктивный эндомиосальпингит с деформацией просвета трубы на фоне изменений стенки трубы, вызванных цитотрофобластической инвазией, является показанием для выполнения тубэктомии. Выполнение органосохраняющих операций на анатомически и функционально измененной маточной трубе нецелесообразно, поскольку является высоким фактором риска возникновения повторной беременности в этой трубе

Role of X-ray diagnostics in children tuberculosis sanatorium

Goal: analysis of X ray diagnostics of tuberculosis in children staying in the specialized sanatorium in 2010-2015.Results. Every year from 19.1 to 66.7% of children suffering from active tuberculosis in Sakha Republic are detected through computer tomography in the specialized sanatorium for children

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ДЕРМАЛЬНОГО АУТОТРАНСПЛАНТАТА ПРИ ЛЕЧЕНИИ ГЛУБОКИХ ОЖОГОВ

The paper examines the results of transplantation of autologous graft and epidermal layer, grown outside the body of a patient, to granulating wounds after deep burns in 18 patients as well as methods which found no practical application due to poor healing abilities. It has been shown that the main cause of poor engraftment of the dermal graft is nutritional deficiency at the cellular level. This conclusion is confirmed by morphological studies of epidermal and dermal autograft. On the views of the authors, the further study of dermal autograft transplantation will put it to the worthy place among the other surgical methods restoring skin lesioned with burns.В работе проанализированы результаты пересадки дермального аутологичного трансплантата и эпидермального пласта, выращенного вне организма больного, на гранулирующие раны после глубоких ожогов у 18 больных. Показано, что основной причиной плохого приживления дермального трансплантата является питательная недостаточность на клеточном уровне. Данный вывод подтвержден морфологическими исследованиями эпидермально-дермального аутотрансплантата. Выражается надежда на то, что дальнейшее изучение метода пересадки дермального аутотрансплантата с привлечением специалистов по клеточным и тканевым технологиям и врачей других специальностей позволит ему в недалеком будущем занять достойное место среди хирургических методов по восстановлению утраченных в результате ожога кожных покровов

Self-directed growth of AlGaAs core-shell nanowires for visible light applications

Al(0.37)Ga(0.63)As nanowires (NWs) were grown in a molecular beam epitaxy system on GaAs(111)B substrates. Micro-photoluminescence measurements and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated a core-shell structure and Al composition gradient along the NW axis, producing a potential minimum for carrier confinement. The core-shell structure formed during the growth as a consequence of the different Al and Ga adatom diffusion lengths.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figure