660 research outputs found
Increasing efficiency of a linear-optical quantum gate using an electronic feed forward
We have successfully used a fast electronic feed forward to increase the
success probability of a linear optical implementation of a programmable phase
gate from 25% to its theoretical limit of 50%. The feed forward applies a
conditional unitary operation which changes the incorrect output states of the
data qubit to the correct ones. The gate itself rotates an arbitrary quantum
state of the data qubit around the z-axis of the Bloch sphere with the angle of
rotation being fully determined by the state of the program qubit. The gate
implementation is based on fiber optics components. Qubits are encoded into
spatial modes of single photons. The signal from the feed-forward detector is
led directly to a phase modulator using only a passive voltage divider. We have
verified the increase of the success probability and characterized the gate
operation by means of quantum process tomography. We have demonstrated that the
use of the feed forward does not affect either the process fidelity or the
output-state fidelities
Translations of Steinhausen's Publications Provide Insight Into Their Contributions to Peripheral Vestibular Neuroscience
The quantitative relationship between angular head movement and semicircular canal function is most often referenced to the well-known torsion-pendulum model that predicts cupular displacement from input head acceleration. The foundation of this model can be traced back to Steinhausen's series of papers between 1927 and 1933 whereby he endeavored to document observations of cupular displacements that would directly infer movement of the endolymph resulting from angular rotation. He also was the first to establish the direct relationship between cupular displacement and compensatory eye movements. While the chronology of these findings, with their successes and pitfalls, are documented in Steinhausen's work, it reflects a fascinating journey that has been inaccessible to the non-German speaking community. Therefore, the present compilation of translations, with accompanying introduction and discussion, was undertaken to allow a larger component of the vestibular scientific community to gain insight into peripheral labyrinthine mechanics provided by this historical account
FORVAL: A computer program for FORest VALuation
FORVAL (FORest VALuation) is a computer program for cash-flow analysis of forestry investments. The FORTRAN 77 program is available from the MAFES Forestry Department for Data General computers using the Advanced Operating System with Virtual Storage, and for IBM-compatible personal computers (send letter of request and 51!.-inch diskette to P.O. Drawer FR, Mississippi State, MS 39762)
Magellan LDSS3 emission confirmation of galaxies hosting metal-rich Lyman-alpha absorption systems
Using the Low Dispersion Survey Spectrograph 3 at the Magellan II Clay
Telescope, we target {candidate absorption host galaxies} detected in deep
optical imaging {(reaching limiting apparent magnitudes of 23.0-26.5 in and filters) in the fields of three QSOs, each of which shows the
presence of high metallicity, high absorption systems in their
spectra (Q0826-2230: =0.9110, Q1323-0021: ,
Q1436-0051: ). We confirm three host galaxies {at
redshifts 0.7387, 0.7401, and 0.9286} for two of the Lyman- absorption
systems (one with two galaxies interacting). For these systems, we are able to
determine the star formation rates (SFRs); impact parameters (from previous
imaging detections); the velocity shift between the absorption and emission
redshifts; and, for one system, also the emission metallicity.} Based on
previous photometry, we find these galaxies have LL. The [O II]
SFRs for these galaxies are in the range M yr
{(uncorrected for dust)}, while the impact parameters lie in the range
kpc. {Despite the fact that we have confirmed galaxies at 50 kpc from the QSO,
no gradient in metallicity is indicated between the absorption metallicity
along the QSO line of sight and the emission line metallicity in the galaxies.}
We confirm the anti-correlation between impact parameter and from
the literature. We also report the emission redshift of five other galaxies:
three at , and two (LL) at not
corresponding to any known absorption systems.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables, accepted to MNRA
A SINFONI Integral Field Spectroscopy Survey for Galaxy Counterparts to Damped Lyman-alpha Systems - VI. Metallicity and Geometry as Gas Flow Probes
The use of background quasars provides a powerful tool to probe the cool gas
in the circum-galactic medium of foreground galaxies. Here, we present new
observations with SINFONI and X-Shooter of absorbing-galaxy candidates at
z=0.7-1. We report the detection with both instruments of the H-alpha emission
line of one sub-DLA at z_abs=0.94187 with log N(HI)=19.38^+0.10_-0.15 towards
SDSS J002133.27+004300.9. We estimate the star formation rate: SFR=3.6+/-2.2
solar masses per year in that system. A detailed kinematic study indicates a
dynamical mass M_dyn=10^9.9+/-0.4 solar masses and a halo mass
M_halo=10^11.9+/-0.5 solar masses. In addition, we report the OII detection
with X-Shooter of another DLA at z_abs=0.7402 with log N(HI)=20.4+/-0.1 toward
Q0052+0041 and an estimated SFR of 5.3+/-0.7 solar masses per year. Three other
objects are detected in the continuum with X-Shooter but the nature and
redshift of two of these objects are unconstrained due to the absence of
emission lines, while the third object might be at the redshift of the quasar.
We use the objects detected in our whole N(HI)-selected SINFONI survey to
compute the metallicity difference between the galaxy and the absorbing gas,
delta_HI(X), where a positive (negative) value indicates infall (outflow). We
compare this quantity with the quasar line of sight alignment with the galaxy's
major (minor) axis, another tracer of infall (outflow). We find that these
quantities do not correlate as expected from simple assumptions. Additional
observations are necessary to relate these two independent probes of gas flows
around galaxies.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
Space and Ground Based Pulsation Data of Eta Bootis Explained with Stellar Models Including Turbulence
The space telescope MOST is now providing us with extremely accurate low
frequency p-mode oscillation data for the star Eta Boo. We demonstrate in this
paper that these data, when combined with ground based measurements of the high
frequency p-mode spectrum, can be reproduced with stellar models that include
the effects of turbulence in their outer layers. Without turbulence, the l=0
modes of our models deviate from either the ground based or the space data by
about 1.5-4.0 micro Hz. This discrepancy can be completely removed by including
turbulence in the models and we can exactly match 12 out of 13 MOST frequencies
that we identified as l=0 modes in addition to 13 out of 21 ground based
frequencies within their observational 2 sigma tolerances. The better agreement
between model frequencies and observed ones depends for the most part on the
turbulent kinetic energy which was taken from a 3D convection simulation for
the Sun.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, ApJ in pres
Asteroseismology across the HR diagram
High precision spectroscopy provides essential information necessary to fully
exploit the opportunity of probing the internal structure of stars using
Asteroseismology. In this work we discuss how Asteroseismology combined with
High Precision Spectroscopy can establish a detailed view on stellar structure
and evolution of stars across the HR diagramme.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures - to appear in Precision Spectroscopy in
Astrophysics, (Eds) L. Pasquini, M. Romaniello, N.C. Santos, and A. Correia,
ESO Astrophysics Symposia, 200
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