21 research outputs found
Infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae: clinical and economic impact in patients hospitalized in 2 teaching hospitals in Dakar, Senegal
Prevalence and treatment of aerobic vaginitis among non-pregnant women: evaluation of the evidence for an underestimated clinical entity
We sought to evaluate the evidence on the prevalence of aerobic
vaginitis (AV) among symptomatic non-pregnant women, as well as the
treatment administered for this clinical entity. The PubMed and Scopus
databases were systematically searched. Sixteen studies met the
inclusion criteria, 11 of which reported on the prevalence of possible
AV, two on the prevalence of diagnosed AV, and three on the treatment
and outcomes of women with diagnosed AV. The prevalence of diagnosed AV
varied from 5 to 10.5 %. Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and
coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most commonly identified
Gram-positive pathogens among women with possible AV, with prevalences
of up to 58.7, 41.7, and 37.4 %, respectively, while Escherichia coli
was the most common Gram-negative pathogen identified, with a prevalence
of up to 23 % among symptomatic women. Regarding antibiotic treatment
for AV, the antibiotic schemes administered, which mainly consisted of
suppositories of aminoglycosides, showed good effectiveness without
serious adverse events provided by any of the included studies. The
currently available data suggest that the prevalence of AV is not
negligible, while the prevalence of possible AV is considerable.
Well-designed studies comparing the prevalence of aerobic pathogens
between symptomatic and asymptomatic women are warranted
Preventing contamination of PCR‐based multiplex assays including the use of a dedicated biosafety cabinet
Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Microbes Causing Bloodstream Infections in Unguja, Zanzibar
Effect of multiple drug resistance on total medical costs among patients with intra-abdominal infections in China
Faecal colonization of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and plasmid-mediated AmpC in Mozambican university students
Cost attributable to nosocomial bacteremia. Analysis according to microorganism and antimicrobial sensitivity in a University Hospital in Barcelona.
AIM: To calculate the incremental cost of nosocomial bacteremia caused by the most common organisms, classified by their antimicrobial susceptibility. METHODS: We selected patients who developed nosocomial bacteremia caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These microorganisms were analyzed because of their high prevalence and they frequently present multidrug resistance. A control group consisted of patients classified within the same all-patient refined-diagnosis related group without bacteremia. Our hospital has an established cost accounting system (full-costing) that uses activity-based criteria to analyze cost distribution. A logistic regression model was fitted to estimate the probability of developing bacteremia for each admission (propensity score) and was used for propensity score matching adjustment. Subsequently, the propensity score was included in an econometric model to adjust the incremental cost of patients who developed bacteremia, as well as differences in this cost, depending on whether the microorganism was multidrug-resistant or multidrug-sensitive. RESULTS: A total of 571 admissions with bacteremia matched the inclusion criteria and 82,022 were included in the control group. The mean cost was € 25,891 for admissions with bacteremia and € 6,750 for those without bacteremia. The mean incremental cost was estimated at € 15,151 (CI, € 11,570 to € 18,733). Multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa bacteremia had the highest mean incremental cost, € 44,709 (CI, € 34,559 to € 54,859). Antimicrobial-susceptible E. coli nosocomial bacteremia had the lowest mean incremental cost, € 10,481 (CI, € 8,752 to € 12,210). Despite their lower cost, episodes of antimicrobial-susceptible E. coli nosocomial bacteremia had a major impact due to their high frequency. CONCLUSIONS: Adjustment of hospital cost according to the organism causing bacteremia and antibiotic sensitivity could improve prevention strategies and allow their prioritization according to their overall impact and costs. Infection reduction is a strategy to reduce resistance