Program-targeted regulation of the regional consumer market

The primary strategic tasks for development of the Russian Federation and its regions are the increase of the level and quality of life and increase of the share of the middle class on the basis of modernization and restructuring the economy, the growth of entrepreneurial and innovative activities and competitiveness. For the solution of these problems the development of the consumer market should play an important role, performing important economic and social functions. In the article the results of the study of scientific views of foreign and national scientists on the category "consumer market" are shown from the perspective of the principle of historical and logical unity, theoretical and conceptual approaches to its formation and development are systematized, positive trends in its development are revealed; negative social consequences associated with excessive consumption growth and the formation of a consumer society are proved (violation of the ecological balance, people health aggravation, change of people’s attitudes). The necessity of government regulation of the consumer market on all the levels is proved (federal, regional and municipal) based on the prospective vision and its development strategy in the context of globalization, Russia's accession to WTO and the implementation of the sanctions against Russia by the United States, several European and Asian countries. As a methodological approach to solve identified problems on the regional level it is proposed to use the program-targeted regulation of the consumer market, which allows connecting the objectives with the resources and deadlines for their implementation by particular executives. Its use also allows authorities to develop alternative solutions for the tasks on the basis of the justification of priorities in the development of the consumer market and assessment of the risks associated with the implementation of program activities.peer-reviewe

Steam-Air conversion of heavy oil in the presence of nanosized metal oxide particles

© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media New York.The effect of suspended nanosized magnetite and hematite particles on the thermal degradation of heavy oil at 360°C in a steamair atmosphere was studied at various pressures. The highmolecularweight components of the oil were found to undergo degradation, leading to reduced oil viscosity. The effect of aluminum and zinc oxides used as additives to initiate hydrocarbon bond dissociation on this process was also investigated. The mechanisms for how change in composition components alters the conversion products relative to the initial oil were studied. Carrying out the process in the presence of additives at 11 MPa leads to reduced yield of aromatic end products with increased yield of oil hydrocarbons and the formation of gaseous products. Asphalticresin materials are also found to be reduced due to conversion in the presence of the additives. Rheological curves were determined for the conversion products and were used to show the change in the viscositytemperature characteristics

Steam – Air Conversion of Heavy Oil in the Presence of Nanosized Metal Oxide Particles

© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media New YorkThe effect of suspended nanosized magnetite and hematite particles on the thermal degradation of heavy oil at 360°C in a steamair atmosphere was studied at various pressures. The highmolecularweight components of the oil were found to undergo degradation, leading to reduced oil viscosity. The effect of aluminum and zinc oxides used as additives to initiate hydrocarbon bond dissociation on this process was also investigated. The mechanisms for how change in composition components alters the conversion products relative to the initial oil were studied. Carrying out the process in the presence of additives at 11 MPa leads to reduced yield of aromatic end products with increased yield of oil hydrocarbons and the formation of gaseous products. Asphalticresin materials are also found to be reduced due to conversion in the presence of the additives. Rheological curves were determined for the conversion products and were used to show the change in the viscositytemperature characteristics

Trust in Technologies of Teenagers and Parents: Personal Experience and Technophobia

Исследование посвящено анализу феномена доверия к технологиям (программам, приложениям и голосовым помощникам) у подростков и родителей, роли пользовательской активности и отношения к технологиям у представителей разных поколений. Полученные результаты показывают ведущую роль личного опыта взаимодействия с гаджетами для построения осознанной позиции их использования.The study is devoted to the analysis of the phenomenon of trust in technologies (programs, applications and voice assistants) among adolescents and parents, the role of user activity and attitudes towards technology among representatives of different generations. The results obtained show the leading role of personal experience of interaction with gadgets for building a conscious position of their use.Исследование выполнено при поддержке Российского научного фонда, проект № 18-18-00365

Psychological Characteristics of Victims and Aggressors in Cyberstalking Situations

Исследование посвящено сравнительному анализу психологических особенностей жертв и преследователей в ситуации киберсталкинга в подростковой среде. Полученные результаты показывают, что для жертв характерен более выраженный уровень экстраверсии, доброжелательности и открытости новому опыту, в то время как для агрессоров менее выраженная способность к сопереживанию. Различий по уровню агрессии у жертв и киберсталкеров не обнаружено.The study is devoted to the comparative analysis of psychological features of victims and stalkers in the situation of cyberstalking in adolescence. The results show that victims are characterized by a more pronounced level of extraversion, agreeableness and openness to experience, while aggressors have a less pronounced ability to empathize. No differences in the level of aggression are found between victims and cyberstalkers.Исследование выполнено при поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований, проект 20-013-00857

Chronotropic action of immobilized subtilisins during the perfusion of an isolated rat heart

The pharmacological experiments on isolated organs (ex vivo) are the preferred method for assessing the primary pharmacodynamics of the studied drugs, since this method is completely excluded the systemic influence of neurohumoral regulation. In the last decade, a new group of thrombolytic drugs based on immobilized subtilisins has been formed. At the stage of registrational preclinical and clinical studies, their pleiotropic pharmacological effects have not been studied. Meanwhile, there is a reason to consider that their pharmacological activity in the bloodstream is not limited to thrombolytic action, but may be extended to a systemic effect on the cardiovascular system. The aim of the study was to investigate the chronotropic effects of an isolated heart during its perfusion with solutions of immobilized subtilisins at different concentrations. Material and methods. The isolated rat heart model according to Langendorff was used in the study. The experiment included 50 Wistar rats, which were divided into 5 groups: isolated hearts perfused only with Krebs – Henseleit solution (control) or with immobilized subtilisins in 4 concentrations (170, 340, 510 и 1020 U/l). Results and discussion. The immobilized subtilisins have a negative chronotropic effect. The onset of the effect depends on the drug concentration in the solution: the higher concentration, the earlier effect. From 5 to 10 minutes of perfusion, a negative chronotropic effect is observed using of immobilized subtilisins at any dose. The duration of its increase is manifested up to 10–20 minutes, depending on the drug concentration in solution. After 20 minutes of perfusion, the achieved negative chronotropic effect remains at a plateau level up to 40 minutes. Conclusion. The immobilized subtilisins have an independent pharmacological effect on heart rate

Modelling of regulatory factor and managerial impact assessment in the regional economy sectors: a case-study of the Kaliningrad region (Russia)

This article discusses the methodology of developing tools for assessing regulatory factors and managerial impacts on the regional economy and individual sectors and businesses. The potential of projection models is investigated, including balance models, convergence of regional and sectoral projection and compiling reliable and representative data sets capable of describing the current economic situation. An attempt was made to develop a series of models for several regional economies; to that end, the modelling of managerial and regulatory impact assessment was used in combination with the well-known value chain approach. In the interests of effective public administration, one of the requirements is to create sectoral model formats compatible with the regional projection models. Results of pilot modelling managerial and regulatory impacts on Kaliningrad region’s economies are presented through examples of agribusiness, transport, industry, tourism and recreation. Implementation of regulatory impact modelling in the framework of the suggested approach is proved for other regions. The main advantage of the developed models for the regional management is their ability to reduce uncertainty in decision-making due to obtaining estimates of the impact of the decisions on the changing situation and the conditions for the development of sectors and industries

Requirements Analysis for an Open Research Knowledge Graph

Current science communication has a number of drawbacks and bottlenecks which have been subject of discussion lately: Among others, the rising number of published articles makes it nearly impossible to get an overview of the state of the art in a certain field, or reproducibility is hampered by fixed-length, document-based publications which normally cannot cover all details of a research work. Recently, several initiatives have proposed knowledge graphs (KGs) for organising scientific information as a solution to many of the current issues. The focus of these proposals is, however, usually restricted to very specific use cases. In this paper, we aim to transcend this limited perspective by presenting a comprehensive analysis of requirements for an Open Research Knowledge Graph (ORKG) by (a) collecting daily core tasks of a scientist, (b) establishing their consequential requirements for a KG-based system, (c) identifying overlaps and specificities, and their coverage in current solutions. As a result, we map necessary and desirable requirements for successful KG-based science communication, derive implications and outline possible solutions.Comment: Accepted for publishing in 24th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries, TPDL 202

Reading performance with various lamps in age-related macular degeneration

The purpose of this study was to determine if there was an objective difference in reading between four commonly available lamps, of varying spectral radiance, for 13 subjects with age-related maculopathy (ARM) or non-exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) - logMAR visual acuity between 0.04 and 0.68. At a constant illuminance of 2000 lux, there was no interaction between ARM and AMD subgroups and no statistically significant difference between the lamps: standard (clear envelope) incandescent, daylight simulation (blue tint envelope) incandescent, compact fluorescent and halogen incandescent, for any reading outcome measure (threshold print size p = 0.67, critical print size p = 0.74, acuity reserve p = 0.84 and mean reading rate p = 0.78). For lamps typically used in low-vision rehabilitation, a clinically significant effect of spectral radiance on reading for people with ARM or non-exudative AMD is unlikely. © 2007 The College of Optometrists

The Future of Fundamental Science Led by Generative Closed-Loop Artificial Intelligence

Recent advances in machine learning and AI, including Generative AI and LLMs, are disrupting technological innovation, product development, and society as a whole. AI's contribution to technology can come from multiple approaches that require access to large training data sets and clear performance evaluation criteria, ranging from pattern recognition and classification to generative models. Yet, AI has contributed less to fundamental science in part because large data sets of high-quality data for scientific practice and model discovery are more difficult to access. Generative AI, in general, and Large Language Models in particular, may represent an opportunity to augment and accelerate the scientific discovery of fundamental deep science with quantitative models. Here we explore and investigate aspects of an AI-driven, automated, closed-loop approach to scientific discovery, including self-driven hypothesis generation and open-ended autonomous exploration of the hypothesis space. Integrating AI-driven automation into the practice of science would mitigate current problems, including the replication of findings, systematic production of data, and ultimately democratisation of the scientific process. Realising these possibilities requires a vision for augmented AI coupled with a diversity of AI approaches able to deal with fundamental aspects of causality analysis and model discovery while enabling unbiased search across the space of putative explanations. These advances hold the promise to unleash AI's potential for searching and discovering the fundamental structure of our world beyond what human scientists have been able to achieve. Such a vision would push the boundaries of new fundamental science rather than automatize current workflows and instead open doors for technological innovation to tackle some of the greatest challenges facing humanity today.Comment: 35 pages, first draft of the final report from the Alan Turing Institute on AI for Scientific Discover