8,296 research outputs found
Depinning and dynamics of AC driven vortex lattices in random media
We study the different dynamical regimes of a vortex lattice driven by AC
forces in the presence of random pinning via numerical simulations. The
behaviour of the different observables is charaterized as a function of the
applied force amplitude for different frequencies. We discuss the
inconveniences of using the mean velocity to identify the depinnig transition
and we show that instead, the mean quadratic displacement of the lattice is the
relevant magnitude to characterize different AC regimes. We discuss how the
results depend on the initial configuration and we identify new hysteretic
effects which are absent in the DC driven systems.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Self-dual Chern-Simons solitons in noncommutative space
We construct exact soliton solutions to the Chern-Simons-Higgs system in
noncommutative space, for non-relativistic and relativistic models. In both
cases we find regular vortex-like solutions to the BPS equations which approach
the ordinary selfdual non-topological and topological solitons when the
noncommutative parameter goes to zero.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figure
On 1+1 Dimensional Galilean Supersymmetry in Ultracold Quantum Gases
We discuss a 1+1 dimensional Galilean invariant model recently introduced in
connection with ultracold quantum gases. After showing its relation to a
nonrelativistic 2+1 Chern-Simons matter system, we identify the generators of
the supersymmetry and its relation with the existence of self-dual equationsComment: 12 page
Estimating the cost-effectiveness of fluticasone propionate for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the presence of missing data
Objectives: To explore the cost-effectiveness of fluticasone propionate (FP) for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), we estimated costs and qualityadjusted life-years (QALYs) over 3 years, based on an economic appraisal of a previously reported clinical trial
(Inhaled Steroids in Obstructive Lung Disease in Europe [ISOLDE]).
Methods: Seven hundred forty-two patients enrolled in the ISOLDE trial who received either FP or placebo had data available on health-care costs and quality of life over the period of the study. The SF-36-based utility scores for quality
of life were used to calculate QALYs. A combined imputation and bootstrapping procedure was employed to handle missing data and to estimate statistical uncertainty in the estimated
cumulative costs and QALYs over the study period.
The imputation approach was based on propensity scoring and nesting this approach within the bootstrap ensured that multiple imputations were performed such that statistical estimates included imputation uncertainty.
Results: Complete data were available on mortality within the follow-up period of the study and a nonsignificant trend toward improved survival of 0.06 (95% confidence interval [CI] –0.01 to 0.15) life-years was observed. In an analysis based on a propensity scoring approach to missing data we estimated the incremental costs of FP versus placebo to be £1021 (95% CI £619–1338) with an additional effect of 0.11 QALYs (CI 0.04–0.20). Cost-effectiveness estimates
for the within-trial period of £17,700 per life-year gained (£6900 to ∞) and £9500 per QALY gained (CI £4300–26,500) were generated that include uncertainty due to the imputation process. An alternative imputation approach did
not materially affect these estimates.
Conclusions: Previous analyses of the ISOLDE study
showed significant improvement on disease-specific health status measures and a trend toward a survival advantage for treatment with FP. This analysis shows that joint considerations
of quality of life and survival result in a substantial increase in QALYs favoring treatment with FP. Based on these data, the inhaled corticosteroid FP appears costeffective for the treatment of COPD. Confirmation or refutation
of this result may be achieved once the Towards a
Revolution in COPD Health (TORCH) study reports, a large randomized controlled trial powered to detect mortality changes associated with the use of FP alone, or in combination with salmeterol, which is also collecting resource use and utility data suitable for estimating cost-effectiveness
CP violation in semileptonic tau lepton decays
The leading order contribution to the direct CP asymmetry in tau^{+/-} ->
K^{+/-} pi^0 nu_{tau} decay rates is evaluated within the Standard Model. The
weak phase required for CP violation is introduced through an interesting
mechanism involving second order weak interactions, which is also responsible
for tiny violations of the Delta S= Delta Q rule in K_{l3} decays. The
calculated CP asymmetry turns out to be of order 10^{-12}, leaving a large
window for studying effects of non-standard sources of CP violation in this
observable.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, version published in Phys.Rev.
Particle-vortex dynamics in noncommutative space
We study the problem of a charged particle in the presence of a uniform
magnetic field plus a vortex in noncommutative planar space considering the two
possible non-commutative extensions of the corresponding Hamiltonian, namely
the ``fundamental'' and the ``antifundamental'' representations. Using a Fock
space formalism we construct eigenfunctions and eigenvalues finding in each
case half of the states existing in the ordinary space case. In the limit of
we recover the two classes of states found in ordinary space,
relevant for the study of anyon physics.Comment: 13 pages, no figures, plain LaTeX. References adde
Assessing offensive/defensive strategies in a football match using DEA
Belarmino Adenso Díaz Fernández es el investigador principal del proyecto "Análisis y diseño de redes logísticas eficientes, robustas y sostenibles
Magnetization dynamics: path-integral formalism for the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation
We construct a path-integral representation of the generating functional for
the dissipative dynamics of a classical magnetic moment as described by the
stochastic generalization of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation proposed by
Brown, with the possible addition of spin-torque terms. In the process of
constructing this functional in the Cartesian coordinate system, we critically
revisit this stochastic equation. We present it in a form that accommodates for
any discretization scheme thanks to the inclusion of a drift term. The
generalized equation ensures the conservation of the magnetization modulus and
the approach to the Gibbs-Boltzmann equilibrium in the absence of non-potential
and time-dependent forces. The drift term vanishes only if the mid-point
Stratonovich prescription is used. We next reset the problem in the more
natural spherical coordinate system. We show that the noise transforms
non-trivially to spherical coordinates acquiring a non-vanishing mean value in
this coordinate system, a fact that has been often overlooked in the
literature. We next construct the generating functional formalism in this
system of coordinates for any discretization prescription. The functional
formalism in Cartesian or spherical coordinates should serve as a starting
point to study different aspects of the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of magnets.
Extensions to colored noise, micro-magnetism and disordered problems are
straightforward.Comment: 47 pages + appendix, published versio
Thermal transport in one-dimensional spin heterostructures
We study heat transport in a one-dimensional inhomogeneous quantum spin 1/2
system. It consists of a finite-size XX spin chain coupled at its ends to
semi-infinite XX and XY chains at different temperatures, which play the role
of heat and spin reservoirs. After using the Jordan-Wigner transformation we
map the original spin Hamiltonian into a fermionic Hamiltonian, which contains
normal and pairing terms. We find the expressions for the heat currents and
solve the problem with a non-equilibrium Green's function formalism. We analyze
the behavior of the heat currents as functions of the model parameters. When
finite magnetic fields are applied at the two reservoirs, the system exhibits
rectification effects in the heat flow.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, scheme of the system and comparison with
specific heat added. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
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