Ways to improve the process of designing protective clothing for surgeons

The article deals with improving ergonomics and barrier efficiency of medical clothing by improving its design process in the context of Ukrainian industrial enterprises. The results of the analysis of qualitative characteristics of medical clothing used by surgeons during operations have been presented. In order to create more sophisticated clothing for surgeons, it has been suggested to apply a comprehensive approach to the formation of consumer requirements on a “general to individual” basis at the stage of pre-design studies. The application of the proposed approach in the requirements development to create surgical coats with improved protective properties has been described

Characteristics of adverse side effects of corticosteroid therapy in children with nephrotic syndrome and methods of pharmacological correction

The article discusses the issues of the long-term glucocorticosteroid therapy in children with nephrotic syndrome that results in severe adverse side effect

New methods to detect early manifestations of adverse side effects of glucocorticosteroids in children

The article focuses on the early manifestations of adverse side effects in children with nephrotic syndrome receiving glucocorticosteroids. The search for criteria of early side effect manifestations is a real challenge nowadays. The authors developed new diagnostic criteria for early detection of pharmacotherapeutical side effects in children with nephrotic syndrom

Optimization of Energy Consumption in The Residential Sector, Using Automated Control Systems

With limited energy resources for sustainable and balanced national development it is becoming more and more important to solve tasks of optimization of energy consumption. This optimization is important not only for major Russian companies (which provide major share of tax inflows for the state budget), but also for homes in order toreduce the energy consumption. This article discusses a complex approach in the field monitoring and energy management of apartment buildings as part of the energy management program using an automated thermal and electrical energy management system developed by NGO VEST in Tomsk. It is shown that the power monitoring data allow to make economically effective decisions in reducing energy consumption costs in residential buildings. The creation of the Analytical Center and the use of an automated energy management system give the opportunity to reduce costs of heat consumption in apartment buildings and, as a consequence, increase the efficiency of use of budgetary funds, used for subsidizing the northern regions of Russia

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЗДОРОВОГО СПОСОБУ ЖИТТЯ СТУДЕНТСЬКОЇ МОЛОДІ

Purpose: to develop and assess the conceptual approaches to ensuring a healthy lifestyle of student’s youth. Materials and Methods. The following research methods were applied in the course of study: bibliosemantic, structural and logical analysis, descriptive modeling, expert assessments, statistical. Systematic approach was applied as the methodological basis of the study. The results of previous research and the questionnaires of the assessment of conceptual approaches to providing healthy lifestyle of student’s youth by 25 independent experts. The assessment of independent competent experts’ answers was carried out in 10 scores system, with the subsequent medical and statistical analysis of the obtained results. Results. The proposed conceptual approaches to ensuring a healthy lifestyle of student youth consist of the following sections: problems, causes of problems and ways to solve them. There are eight main problems: students do not lead a healthy lifestyle, lack of state policy to ensure healthy living conditions and student education, insufficient range of health and health-forming services, insufficient development of individual and collective services that ensure a healthy lifestyle, non-systematic work on the formation of a healthy lifestyle, the lack of a healthy lifestyle strategy, the lack of public funding for advocacy, the formation and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle of students, the underdevelopment of the system of return to a healthy lifestyle. The main causes of these problems are identified and ways to eliminate the causes of problems are developed. These ways are comprehensive and relate to management decisions and the implementation of practical measures at all levels of government from the country’s leadership to the level of student government of the educational institution. In order to create conditions for maintaining and strengthening the health of students, we proposed to involve future employers and use the mechanisms of public-private partnership. Conclusions. The conceptual approaches to providing a healthy lifestyle of students are developed and recommended for practical implementation in the fields of health care and higher education in Ukraine.Мета: розробити та оцінити концептуальні підходи до забезпечення здорового способу життя студентської молоді. Матеріали і методи. Під час проведення дослідження використано такі методи: бібліосемантичний, структурно-логічного аналізу, описового моделювання, експертних оцінок, статистичний. Методичною основою дослідження став системний підхід. Матеріалами дослідження є результати попередніх досліджень та анкети оцінки концептуальних підходів до забезпечення здорового способу життя студентської молоді 25 незалежними експертами. Оцінку відповідей незалежних компетентних експертів проводили за 10-бальною системою з наступним медико-статистичним аналізом отриманих результатів. Результати. Запропоновані концептуальні підходи до забезпечення здорового способу життя студентської молоді складаються із таких розділів: проблем, причин виникнення проблем та шляхів їх вирішення. Виділено вісім основних проблем: студенти не ведуть здоровий спосіб життя, відсутність державної політики із забезпечення здорових умов життя та навчання студентів, недостатній спектр здоров’язбережувальних та здоров’яформувальних послуг, недостатня розвиненість системи надання індивідуальних та колективних послуг, які забезпечують здоровий спосіб життя, несистемна робота з формування здорового способу життя, відсутність стратегії здорового способу життя, відсутність державного фінансування пропаганди, формування та забезпечення здорового способу життя студентів, нерозвиненість системи повернення до здорового способу життя. Визначено основні причини виникнення даних проблем та розроблено шляхи усунення причин виникнення проблем. Дані шляхи є комплексними і стосуються прийняття управлінських рішень та запровадження практичних заходів на всіх рівнях управління від керівництва країною до рівня студентського самоврядування закладу освіти. До створення умов для збереження та зміцнення під час навчання здоров’я студентами нами запропоновано залучати майбутніх роботодавців та використовувати механізми державно-приватного партнерства. Концептуальні підходи позитивно оцінено незалежними експертами. Висновки. Розроблені концептуальні підходи до забезпечення здорового способу життя студентської молоді, які рекомендують до практичного впровадження в галузі охорони здоров’я та сфері вищої освіти України

Pathogenetic features of acute naphazoline poisoning in children

Acute poisoning by nasal decongestants is an important issue in pediatrics due to physiological and anatomical characteristics of the child’s body and pharmacokinetics of drugs in early childhoo

Risk Factors for Obesity Development in Different Periods of Childhood

Obesity is an important health problem in many countries. Obesity among the child population is growing steadily, including the Russian Federation. Development of this disease often occurs in childhood and sometimes the origin of obesity goes back to prenatal period. There are a number of endogenous and exogenous factors than play an important role in development of obesity. These are heredity, socioeconomic status of the family, factors which are revealed during pregnancy and child delivery — weight gain, administration of antibacterial drugs and hyperglycemia in mother during her pregnancy, mode of delivery, feeding type and time of complementary food introduction, excessive consumption of calories with food, improper daily routine and lack of sleep, skipping meals, use of gadgets and associated physical inactivity and excessive food intake, marketing of high-calorie foods and others. Prevailing risk factors can be identified for each age period. Study and early identification of risk factors taking into account age of a child is necessary to take timely prevention measures and inform parents and their children about possible reasons and consequences of obesity

The effect of humic substances on test-objects

The complex study of a number of humic substances was conducted with help of bioassay methods using invertebrates (Daphnia, paramecium, earthworms), terrestrial (wheat seeds) and aquatic plants (elodea, duckweed) and algae (Scenedesmus quadricauda). The ranges of concentrations of humates that have a negative and a stimulating effect on biological objects were identified. The efficiency of biological testing methods to evaluate the effect of humic substances on biological objects is shown

Characteristics of blood pressure level in children with different body weight

BACKGROUND: Essential arterial hypertension (AH) develops more often in children with accompanying risk factors — obesity, overweight, positive heredity and genetic predisposition.AIM: Study of peculiarities of arterial hypertension clinical course in adolescents with normal body weight, overweight and obesity.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on children with arterial hypertension who received treatment in two hospitals in Voronezh in 2016–2020. A retrospective analysis of the children’s case histories was carried out taking into account the anamnesis, clinical laboratory and instrumental examination data and the pharmacotherapy. Some children underwent polymerase chain reaction genetic testing to determine pathological alleles of genes regulating blood pressure (BP).RESULTS: 96 patients aged 9 to 17 took part in the study. The group with normal body weight included 38 children (39.6%), median age 16.4 (aged 10.7; 17.9), with overweight — 33 people (34.4%), median age 15.2 (aged 12.0; 17.9), with obesity — 25 children (26.0%), median age 14.5 (aged 9.2; 17.9). Obese children developed arterial hypertension at earlier age (p = 0.023). According to blood pressure daily monitoring (BPDM), pathological values of systolic blood pressure (SBP) during the day (above the 95th percentile) among children with normal body weight were observed in 17 patients (44.7%), with excess body weight — in 14 people (42.4%), with obesity — in 16 people (64%), p = 0.031. Accurate difference values between the groups were obtained in terms of time index (TI) of SBP at night (p = 0.006). Time index of diastolic BP during the day > 50% was observed only in the obese children group — 4 people (16%) (p = 0.042). Pathological alleles of the angiotensinogen gene (AGT: 704 T>C), aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2: -344 C>T) and endothelial nitrogen synthase type 3 (NOS3: -786 T> C) were identified most frequently during genetic testing in some patients.CONCLUSION: Children with obesity developed earlier arterial hypertension compared to the same-age children with normal body weight and more often had unfavorable type of arterial hypertension according to BPDM. These results can be used to choose individual therapy and to develop special attention as regards certain target organs damage

Adverse reactions of high-osmolar and low-osmolar radiographic contrast media in clinical practice

Introduction. Adverse drug reactions (ADR) to administration of radiographic contrast media (RCM) are observed in 10–20 % of patients. Individual tolerability of drugs is affected by RCM properties (ionicity, osmolarity). Aim. Evaluation of ADR in patients during diagnostic studies using high- and low-osmolar RCM. Methods. Analysis of 52 reports of adverse reactions to RCM registered in medical organizations of Voronezh region in 2014–2021 was performed. Group 1 included 21 patients with ADR to high-osmolar RCM (sodium amidotrizoate, yoxitalamic acid), group 2–31 patients with ADR to low-osmolar drugs (yogexol, yopromide, yopamidol, yoversol). Results. Age of patients is 6–82 years, median 48.5 years, children — 8 persons (15.4 %), women — 31 patients (59.6 %), serious reactions — 28 (53.8 %). Since 2017 there has been an increase in the number of ADRs with constant frequency of serious reactions. In 2020–2021 ADRs to low-osmolar drugs were mainly registered. Life-threatening conditions (anaphylactic shock, arterial hypotension, arrhythmia) were observed in 70.2 % of group 2, in 28.6 % of group 1 (p=0.007). One patient with initial renal dysfunction and comorbid pathology was reported to develop nephrotoxicity to yogexol. Pharmacological correction was performed in 92.3 % of cases. In 57.7 % of the patients ADR ended in recovery, in the  other cases — state improvement. Conclusion. Side effects of high-osmolar and low-osmolar RCM mainly had form of hyperergic reactions of immediate type and were reversible. High frequency of serious reactions to lowosmolar RCM against an increase in their use requires a more careful selection of patients for X-ray contrast studies