Mobile Adaptive Routing Algorithm for Road-Aware Infrastructure-Assisted Communication in Cognitive Internet of Vehicles

The Internet of Things (IoT) is expanding the capabilities of traditional vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) into the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). However, there are a few challenges that need to be addressed in order to enhance the intelligence of IoV, leading to the development of a new evolving technology called Cognitive Internet of Vehicles (CIoV). In this study, we propose a road-aware infrastructure-assisted and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) adaptive routing system to select the most efficient route for delivering data from the source to the destination vehicle, with the aim of reducing data delivery delay. The performance is measured and evaluated based on packet delivery ratio (PDR), average end-to-end (E2E) delay, and normalised routing overhead using MATLAB. By comparing the proposed mobile adaptive routing algorithm (MARA) with existing protocols, it has been examined and found to outperform the existing ones in terms of performance

Into the Labyrinth: Tales of Organizational Nomadism

Labyrinths and mazes have constituted significant spaces for tales of transformation, from prehistoric designs through the myth of the Minotaur and the pilgrimage design in Chartres cathedral to contemporary novels and pictorial representations. Labyrinths and labyrinthine designs can also commonly be found in present-day organizations. This text, based on an ethnographic study as well as on an analysis of academic discourse, explores their significance as symbol and as physical structure. Drawing upon the notion of transitional space, it presents labyrinths as an indelible part of human experience, an archetype, and a sensemaking tool for understanding and explaining organizational complexity. The unavoidable presence of labyrinthine structures is presented as a counterpoise to the reductionist tendency towards simplification, streamlining and staying on-message, allowing or demanding space for reflection, doubt and uncertainty

Nature

The ability to associate temporally segregated information and assign positive or negative valence to environmental cues is paramount for survival. Studies have shown that different basolateral amygdala (BLA) projections are potentiated following reward or punishment learning1–7. However, we do not yet understand how valence specific information is routed to the BLA neurons with the appropriate downstream projections. Nor do we understand how to reconcile the subsecond timescales of synaptic plasticity8–11 with the longer timescales separating the predictive cues from their outcomes. Here, we demonstrate that neurotensin (NT) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) projecting to the BLA (PVT-BLA:NT) mediate valence assignment by exerting concentration-dependent modulation in BLA during associative learning. We found that optogenetic activation of the PVT-BLA:NT projection promotes reward learning, while PVT-BLA projection-specific Nt gene knockout augments punishment learning. Using genetically encoded calcium and NT sensors, we further revealed that both calcium dynamics within the PVT-BLA:NT projection and NT concentrations in the BLA are enhanced after reward learning and reduced after punishment learning. Finally, we showed that CRISPR-mediated knockout of the Nt gene in the PVT-BLA pathway blunts BLA neural dynamics and attenuates the preference to active behavioral strategies to reward and punishment predictive cues. Taken together, we have identified NT as a neuropeptide that signals valence in the BLA, and showed that NT is a critical neuromodulator that orchestrates positive and negative valence assignment in amygdala neurons by extending valence-specific plasticity to behaviorally-relevant timescales

Differences in access to Emergency Paediatric Intensive Care and care during Transport (DEPICT): study protocol for a mixed methods study

Introduction Following centralisation of UK paediatric intensive care, specialist retrieval teams were established who travel to general hospitals to stabilise and transport sick children to regional paediatric intensive care units (PICUs). There is national variation among these PICU retrieval teams (PICRTs) in terms of how quickly they reach the patient’s bedside and in the care provided during transport. The impact of these variations on clinical outcomes and the experience of stakeholders (patients, families and healthcare staff) is however unknown. The primary objective of this study is to address this evidence gap. Methods and analysis This mixed-methods project involves the following: (1) retrospective analysis of linked data from routine clinical audits (2014–2016) to assess the impact of service variations on 30-day mortality and other secondary clinical outcomes; (2) a prospective questionnaire study conducted at 24 PICUs and 9 associated PICRTs in England and Wales over a 12-month period in 2018 to collect experience data from parents of transported children as well as qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of patients, parents and staff to assess the impact of service variations on patient/family experience; (3) health economic evaluation analysing transport service costs (and other associated costs) against lives saved and longer term measurements of quality of life at 12 months in transported children and (4) mathematical modelling evaluating the costs and potential impact of different service configurations. A final work stream involves a series of stakeholder workshops to synthesise study findings and generate recommendations. Ethics and dissemination The study has been reviewed and approved by the Health Research Authority, ref: 2 18 569. Study results will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, social media, print and broadcast media, the internet and stakeholder workshops

An unusual presentation of pyogenic granuloma of the lower lip

Exophytic growth of the oral cavity often presents a diagnostic challenge because a diverse group of the pathologic process can produce such lesions. Inflammatory hyperplasia is one of the important etiology behind the exophytic growths of the oral cavity. The pyogenic granuloma (PG) is the most common type of inflammatory hyperplasia found in the oral cavity especially in the gingiva. Extragingival occurrence of PG is very rare. This case report has described an extragingival PG which occurred on the lower labial mucosa in a 54-year-old male patient

Propylphosphonic anhydride-catalyzed tandem approach for biginelli reaction starting from alcohols

An efficient and highly convergent route to dihydropyrimidinones (DHPMs) has been developed by one-pot threecomponent oxidative cyclocondensation of a variety of alcohols, β-ketoesters/β-oxodithioester and urea in the presence of T3Pμ/ DMSO. This new approach consistently has the advantage of tandem and good yields (6588%). © 2014 The Chemical Society of Japan

Convenient synthesis of novel N-(5-allyl-7,7-difluoro)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro- 2H-indazol-3-yl)-carboxymides

5-Allyl-7,7-difluoro-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,5,6, 7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo4,3-cpyridine-3-amine represents a fluorinated heterocyclic scaffold, potentially attractive. It was synthesized via Michael addition, Mannich reaction of the difluorinated ethyl bromoacetate with a benzotriazole derivative, followed by a Dieckmann condensation. Starting from simple materials, this efficient route which gives access to novel functionalized N-(5-allyl-7,7-dihalo)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-indazol-3-yl)- carboxymides, was explored and adapted for parallel synthesis, resulting in a compound library

Comprehensive Analysis of Physicochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Hydro Distilled Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Essential Oil

In recent years, there has been a growing need to enhance the quality of essential oils due to their diverse applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and perfumery industries. Rosemary essential oil, derived from the leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis L., has garnered attention for its multifaceted properties, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic attributes, making it a potential therapeutic agent. This study focused on extracting rosemary essential oil using the hydrodistillation method and assessing its physicochemical properties. The physical parameters of the oil, including appearance, odor, solubility, specific gravity, refractive index, and density, were analyzed, revealing its unique characteristics. The chemical parameters, such as acid value, peroxide value, iodine value, saponification value, and ester value, provided insights into the composition and quality of the oil. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of rosemary essential oil was evaluated through DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS assays at various concentrations, demonstrating its significant antioxidant potential. These findings highlight the quality and potential applications of rosemary essential oil in diverse industries, emphasizing its role as a natural source of antioxidants with promising prospects for further exploration and utilization in food industry as a preservative and natural flavorant

One-pot tandem approach for the synthesis of benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles from alcohols

Propylphosphonic anhydride ((R) T3P) has been demonstrated to be an efficient and mild reagent for the one-pot synthesis of benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles from variety of alcohols. Mild conditions, short reaction time, broad functional group tolerance, low epimerization, easy and quick isolation of the products, excellent chemo selectivity, and excellent yields are main advantages of this procedure. Thus, the present method is utilizing alcohols instead of aldehydes. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved