197 research outputs found

    Acoustic emphasis in four year olds

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    Acoustic emphasis may convey a range of subtle discourse distinctions, yet little is known about how this complex ability develops in children. This paper presents a first investigation of the factors which influence the production of acoustic prominence in young children’s spontaneous speech. In a production experiment, SVO sentences were elicited from 4 year olds who were asked to describe events in a video. Children were found to place more acoustic prominence both on ‘new’ words and on words that were ‘given’ but had shifted to a more accessible position within the discourse. This effect of accessibility concurs with recent studies of adult speech. We conclude that, by age four, children show appropriate, adult-like use of acoustic prominence, suggesting sensitivity to a variety of discourse distinctions

    Avaliação preliminar de um processo de compostagem visando solubilização e agregação de valor a agrominerais como fontes de fósforo e potássio.

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    O uso de determinados tipos de rochas como fontes de nutrientes para a agricultura vem sendo estudado como alternativa para a complementação ou a substituição parcial dos fertilizantes convencionais. Neste trabalho, buscou-se uma avaliação preliminar de um processo de compostagem e inoculação com microrganismos solubilizadores visando aumentar o potencial de uso de rochas fosfáticas e potássicas na adubação. Os produtos da compostagem foram estudados quanto à capacidade de liberação de fósforo (P) e potássio (K) em dois cultivos sucessivos de milheto em um experimento de vasos sob casa de vegetação. Os produtos compostados contendo as rochas promoveram bom desenvolvimento e absorção de nutrientes pelas plantas. Contudo, os ganhos de solubilidade pela compostagem e inoculação de microrganismos selecionados não foram claramente evidenciados, sobretudo porque o efeito fertilizante das rochas foi sobrepujado pela fração orgânica dos compostos.bitstream/item/51119/1/bol-33.pd

    Soybean response to NPK fertilization of sowing and potassium at topdressing in soil of improved fertility.

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    The introduction of indeterminate habit soybean cultivars expanded the possibilities of rotation or succession crops in producing areas of the Cerrado region, but it represents a less well-known component in the management of soil fertility. The objective of this work was to verify the agronomic and economic response of indeterminate habit soybean to the variations in NPK fertilization of sowing and potassium at topdressing in an improved fertility Latosol in Campos das Vertentes (MG). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with subdivided plots in three replications. In plots, the treatments consisted of doses of 315 and 485 kg ha-1 of NPK 02-30-10 formulation in the sowing furrow and, in the subplots, the application of 0, 15, 30 and 45 kg ha-1 of K2O in topdressing at 21 days after sowing was tested. There is no significant difference in the variation of sowing fertilization, but grain yield increases linearly by the additional input of potassium at topdressing. Soybean cultivar requires more K2O in maintenance fertilization in soil of improved fertility to express productive potential near 4 t ha-1, which is economically rewarding

    Resposta da soja a variações na adubação de base e cobertura potássica em ambiente de alto potencial produtivo no cerrado.

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    Lavouras conduzidas com elevado nível tecnológico para produção de grãos passam a apresentar solos de alta fertilidade depois de determinado tempo com adubações contínuas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resposta da soja a variações da adubação NPK de base e da adubação de cobertura com potássio numa área de alto potencial produtivo, em fazenda do município de Unaí – MG. Utilizou-se a dose de fertilizante normalmente aplicada na semeadura (303 kg ha-1 do formulado NPK 10-32-10) e uma dose reduzida (143 kg ha-1), combinadas com a aplicação de 0, 15, 30 ou 45 kg ha-1 de K2O em cobertura. Os tratamentos constituíram um fatorial 2 x 4, disposto em blocos casualizados, com parcelas subdivididas e três repetições. Foi avaliada a produtividade de grãos da cultura. Não houve diferença significativa de produtividade da soja em função das variações na adubação de base ou do fornecimento de potássio em cobertura. Tais resultados evidenciam uma oportunidade para economia de fertilizantes, mediante revisão das quantidades de nutrientes utilizadas, ajuste que deverá ser feito a partir de experimentação ao longo de safras sucessivas

    Encoding and maintaining reference in oral discourse.

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    International audienceThis study deals with information management and reference encoding modes in oral discourse production. Three potentially influential factors were the distance between the first occurrence of an item and its later occurrences, a topic change that takes the focus off that item, and the span of the conceptual information available for verbalization. French-speaking adult subjects were asked to tell stories from comic strips to a listener who was unfamiliar with them. The frames in each strip were presented simultaneously or in succession. Four versions were generated for each comic strip: a given version was either short (three frames) or long (eight frames), and either did or did not have a topic change. The results showed that the target character was usually marked as a given, regardless of the version. This was more often true, however, when the topic did not change. When the character was treated as a given, referent accessibility marking was dependent on (1) topic change alone when the frames were presented simultaneously, and (2) topic change and comic strip length when the frames were presented in succession. The discussion analyzes the results in terms of the allocation of cognitive resources to maintaining coreference and to assisting addressees in their processing
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