On-line digital computer control of the NERVA nuclear rocket engine

The problem of on-line digital computer control of the NERVA nuclear rocket engine is considered. Proposed is a method of State Dependent State Variable Feedback (SDSVF) as a practical approach to the control of NERVA and other complex nonlinear and/or time-varying systems. The difficulties inherent in other design methods are avoided by defining the optimal closed loop system in terms of a desired transfer function, rather than a performance index to maximize or minimize

Martian impact basins: Morphology differences and tectonic provinces

Detailed geomorphic and structural mapping of five Martian basins and preliminary study of eleven other basins reveal four characteristic styles of modification that relate to the degree and age of past tectonic activity. Within regions that exhibit no evidence for tectonic activity, the modification style can be used to distinguish areas dominated by different exogenic processes. A framework for understanding these different styles of basin modification is provided

The design of linear multivariable control systems using modern control theory /with applications to coupled core reactor control/

Linear multivariable control system design using modern control theory, and application to coupled core reactor contro

Design of linear and nonlinear control systems via state variable feedback, with applications in nuclear reactor control

Linear and nonlinear control systems via state variable feedback with applications in nuclear reactor contro

The Variable Gradient Method of Generating Liapunov Functions with Application to Automatic Control Systems

The contribution of this thesis is the introduction and development of the variable gradient method of generating Liapunov functions. A Liapunov function, V, is considered to be generated if the form of V is not known before the generating procedure is applied. Two previous attempts at the generation of Liapunov functions to prove global asymptotic stability for nonlinear autonomous systems have been made. These attempts are summarized and evaluated in some detail, as they form the basis for the variable gradient approach proposed in this thesis. It is assumed that the system whose stability is being investigated is represented by n first order, ordinary, nonlinear differential equations in state variable form The particular state variables used throughout the thesis are the phase variables. This was done for convenience. The problem of finding a scalar V(x) to satisfy a particular Liapunov theorem is recast into the problem of finding a vector function, \nabla V, having suitable properties. As the name implies, \nabla V is assumed to be a vector of n elements, \nabla Vi, each of which has n arbitrary coefficients. These coefficients, designated as α ij may be constants or functions of the state variables, In its most general form, the variable gradient is assumed to be V may be determined as a line integral of \nabla V if the following (n-l)n/2 partial differential equations are satisfied. Here \nabla V^ are the elements of the vector \nabla V. The equations (3) are referred to as generalized curl equations. dv/dt may also be determined from \nabla V. An outline of the procedure by which a suitable V and dY/dt may be determined for a particular problem, starting from the variable gradient of (2) is as follows, 1. Assume a gradient of the form (2), 2. From the variable gradient, determine dV/dt by equation (4). 3. In conjunction with and subject to the requirements of the generalized curl equations (3), constrain dV/dt to be at least negative semi- definite, 4. From the now known \nabla V, determine V, 5. Invoke the necessary theorem to establish stability, Numerous examples are worked to illustrate the procedure outlined above, V functions are generated that involve higher order terms in x, integrals, and terms involving three state variables as factors. The problem of determining Hurwitz like criteria for nonlinear systems is considered in some detail. The last chapter attempts to extend .the variable gradient approach to nonautonosnous systems. The results of this chapter, though somewhat marginal, are of interest from the point of view of further researc

Using linked data to calculate summary measures of population health: Health-adjusted life expectancy of people with Diabetes Mellitus

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) from diabetes mellitus (DM) using a population health survey linked to a population-based DM registry. METHODS: The 1996/97 Ontario Health Survey (N = 35,517) was linked to the Ontario Diabetes Database (N = 487,576). The Health Utilities Index (HUI3) was used to estimate health-related quality of life. HALE was estimated using an adapted Sullivan method. RESULTS: Life expectancy at birth of people with DM was 64.7 and 70.7 years for men and women – 12.8 and 12.2 years less than for men and women without DM. The HUI3 was lower for physician-diagnosed DM compared to self-reported DM (0.799 versus 0.872). HALE at birth was 58.3 and 62.8 years for men and women – 11.9 and 10.7 years less than that of men and women without DM. CONCLUSIONS: The linked data approach demonstrates that DM is an important cause of disease burden. This approach reduces assumptions when estimating the prevalence and severity of disability from DM compared to methods that rely on self-reported disease status or indirect assessment of disability severity

Topics concerning state variable feedback in automatic control systems. Part 1 - Specification. Part 2 - Sensitivity. Part 3 - Intentional nonlinearities. Part 4 - Unavailable states

Specifications, sensitivity, intentional nonlinearities, and unavailable states concerned with state variable feedback in automatic control system

Dissipative Taylor-Couette flows under the influence of helical magnetic fields

The linear stability of MHD Taylor-Couette flows in axially unbounded cylinders is considered, for magnetic Prandtl number unity. Magnetic fields varying from purely axial to purely azimuthal are imposed, with a general helical field parameterized by \beta=B_\phi/B_z. We map out the transition from the standard MRI for \beta=0 to the nonaxisymmetric Azimuthal MagnetoRotational Instability (AMRI) for \beta\to \infty. For finite \beta, positive and negative wave numbers m, corresponding to right and left spirals, are no longer identical. The transition from \beta=0 to \beta\to\infty includes all the possible forms of MRI with axisymmetric and nonaxisymmetric modes. For the nonaxisymmetric modes, the most unstable mode spirals in the opposite direction to the background field. The standard (\beta=0) MRI is axisymmetric for weak fields (including the instability with the lowest Reynolds number) but is nonaxisymmetric for stronger fields. If the azimuthal field is due in part to an axial current flowing through the fluid itself (and not just along the central axis), then it is also unstable to the nonaxisymmetric Tayler instability, which is most effective without rotation. For large \beta this instability has wavenumber m=1, whereas for \beta\simeq 1 m=2 is most unstable. The most unstable mode spirals in the same direction as the background field.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figure

Intrinsic Low Temperature Paramagnetism in B-DNA

We present experimental study of magnetization in $\lambda$-DNA in conjunction with structural measurements. The results show the surprising interplay between the molecular structures and their magnetic property. In the B-DNA state, $\lambda$-DNA exhibits paramagnetic behaviour below 20 K that is non-linear in applied magnetic field whereas in the A-DNA state, remains diamagnetic down to 2 K. We propose orbital paramagnetism as the origin of the observed phenomena and discuss its relation to the existence of long range coherent transport in B-DNA at low temperature.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters October 200