Nanoparticle Filtration in a RTM Processed Epoxy/Carbon Fiber Composite

Several epoxy matrix composite panels were fabricated by resin transfer molding (RTM) E862/W resin onto a triaxially braided carbon fiber pre-form. Nanoparticles including carbon nanofiber, synthetic clay, and functionalized graphite were dispersed in the E862 matrix, and the extent of particle filtration during processing was characterized. Nanoparticle dispersion in the resin flashing on both the inlet and outlet edges of the panel was compared by TEM. Variation in physical properties such as Tg and moisture absorption throughout the panel were also characterized. All nanoparticle filled panels showed a decrease in Tg along the resin flow path across the panel, indicating nanoparticle filtration, however there was little change in moisture absorption. This works illustrates the need to obtain good nano-particle dispersion in the matrix resin to prevent particle agglomeration and hence particle filtration in the resultant polymer matrix composites (PMC)

P24 75. Resultados a medio plazo de la revascularización transmiocárdica con láser y células madre

ObjetivoAnalizar los resultados a medio plazo de la revascularización transmiocárdica con láser en combinación con células madre en pacientes con angina refractaria.MétodosDesde junio de 2007 hasta diciembre de 2009 se seleccionaron 19 pacientes (16 hombre y 3 mujeres) con enfermedad coronaria difusa y angina refractaria a tratamiento médico (clase III: 12 pacientes, clase IV: 7 pacientes). En todos ellos se realizó cirugía de revascularización transmiocárdica con láser en combinación con implantación de células madre de médula ósea autóloga.ResultadosLa edad media fue de 65 ± 8,5 años. La media de intervencionismos percutáneos por pacientes previos a la cirugía fue de 3,3 (rango 0-7). Ocho pacientes fueron intervenidos previamente de cirugía coronaria. No hubo efectos adversos asociados al procedimiento. No hubo mortalidad quirúrgica. El número medio de canales creados fue de 19, con un recuento celular por mililitro de: células totales mononuclares (1.660 x 106), CD34+ (9,8 x 106), y CD133+ (4,6 x 106). La mediana de estancia hospitalaria fue de 6 días. El seguimiento medio fue de 19 meses (rango 1-30). En el seguimiento un paciente falleció 24 meses tras la cirugía por insuficiencia cardíaca. En el último seguimiento 11 pacientes estaban en clase I, 5 en clase II y 3 en clase III.Tres pacientes requirieron nuevo cateterismo debido a empeoramiento de su angina.ConclusionesLa cirugía transmiocárdica con láser en combinación con inyección de células madre es un procedimiento seguro y clínicamente efectivo en pacientes con enfermedad coronaria difusa y angina refractaria a tratamiento médico

FRECUENCIA EN EL USO DE MEDICAMENTOS POR LAS GESTANTES QUE ACUDEN AL C.S. CIUDAD NUEVA EN EL AÑO 2000

El presente trabajo de Investigación determina la Frecuencia en el Uso de Medicamentos bajo Prescripción por Gestantes que acudieron al Centro de Salud de Ciudad Nueva durante el año 2000. Es una Investigación Descriptiva con un Diseño No experimental Transversal, y se realizó en una población de 475 gestantes, de las cuales se tomó como muestra representativa 190 pacientes, que represente el 40% del universo.   El tratamiento con medicamentos en gestantes presenta características particulares, ya que son dos organismos a los que puede afectar la acción de los medicamentos con distinta sensibilidad.   La administración de medicamentos supone un riesgo para la embarazada y el embrión o el feto. Sin embargo, otro principio importante es que no debe omitirse un tratamiento farmacológico indicado desde el punto de vista médico a la gestante.   El paso de medicamentos desde la madre al embrión o al feto a través de la placenta, podría originar en ciertos casos una afección teratogénica para este último. Es muy importante tener en cuenta el paso de éstos a través de la placenta para evitar su llegada o el uso innecesario, capaces de producir efectos adversos.   En nuestro estudio se encontró que el 57.90% de gestantes tomaron por lo menos un medicamento, valor mayor al encontrado por Whittle en Estados Unidos el año 85 y por Rubin en 1986, menor a los valores encontrados por la International Journal Of Gynecology Obstetrics los 80 y por De Jong Van den Berg, los años 1987-88 ere Holanda.   Se encontró que el 31.58% de gestantes que toman medicamentos son convivientes, el 52.62% del total de gestantes, que acuden al C.S. son convivientes.   Los medicamentos prescritos más tomados por las gestantes son el sulfato ferroso y Amoxicilina en tabletas, con 22.22% y 21.11% respectivamente

Sports mega-events – three sites of contemporary political contestation

This article discusses the contemporary politics of sports mega-events, involving the Olympic Games and Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) Men’s Football World Cup Finals as well as other lower ‘order’ sports megas, taking two main forms: the promotional and the protest. There is a politics in, and a politics of, sports mega-events. The former focuses on the internal politics of the organizing bodies, such as the International Olympic Committee and FIFA. This form of politics has been written about elsewhere, and hence, there is no detailed discussion in this article about it. Instead this article offers a brief discussion of the range and number of sports mega-events since 2000, an assessment of the contemporary politics of sports mega-events, a focus on three main sites of political contestation – rights, legacy and labour, and finally, it offers conclusions about research into the politics of sports mega-events

Potentially toxic metals in historic landfill sites: Implications for grazing animals

Municipal waste disposal is an increasing global problem, frequently solved by the use of landfill sites. Following closure, such sites contain a legacy of pollutants and must be managed to provide a safe and useful end life. The soils and vegetation from four historic landfill sites were analysed to determine the extent of pollution by potentially toxic metals (PTMs). Data were subsequently assessed to determine if post closure uses involving grazing were safe for the animals. The heaviest and widest spread soil contamination was due to Ni. Concentrations at all sites exceeded the 95th percentile value for rural soils, in one case by a factor of 30. Cu and Pb contamination was identified at some sites, but no evidence of Al or Zn contamination was found. Oral bioaccessibility testing showed that the availability of Ni in soil was exceedingly low, whilst that of Cu and Pb was high. Concentrations in plant shoots differed significantly amongst the sites, but interspecific differences in shoot concentration were only significant in the case of Cu. The results indicated that exposure levels to grazers would be at or below tolerable levels, indicating that it is generally safe to graze historic landfill. However, animals could be exposed to higher levels of PTMs than would be expected from rural locations, and grazing under conditions where soil consumption may be high could result in levels of exposure to Al, Ni and Pb exceeding tolerable levels. © Springer International Publishing 2014

Reflective practice applications: "Guided Weekly Reflection Papers" extended from Alcalá University (Spain) to De Montfort University (UK).

Knowledge has to be developed firmly based on reflections and thoughts as much as evidence. Being conscious of this principle, our innovation teaching group from the University of Alcalá has developed a reflective pedagogical approach called Guided Weekly Reflection Papers (GWRP) and implemented it since 2007. In this approach students hand in to the lecturer their “weekly work”, in which they schematically express the most important ideas related with the topic presented during the classes, and their reflections and comments on those aspects which they found especially difficult or interesting. Moreover students have to apply the concepts developed during the week to solve some questions or problems proposed by the lecturers to find solutions to real life situations and to explore beyond the walls of the classroom to discover where in the world around them they can find application of the material presented by the lectures. This innovative pedagogical approach has deeply contributed to the development of the student learning process and consequently be reflected in our teaching practice. The outcomes of the GWRP activity do not depend upon how much students have been studying but upon the level of comprehension of the knowledge we have shared with them. Therefore this strategy is very useful to prove the efficiency and quality of our teaching practice which lead us to continuously improve our way of teaching. When along this years we have shown our results both in internal meetings in our University and in International Conferences, our colleagues have been caught up by our enthusiasm, which promotes their involvement in our model. Thus, different academics and organizations have adopted our reflective tool. The most recent incorporation of this approach has been implemented by selected academic staff at De Montfort University (DMU), Leicester (United Kingdom). This versatile methodology is being tested in a new university educational environment using a student cohort with a different set of characteristics and academic context in the academic course for 2015/16. This communication will describe the adaptation of the GWRP to teaching in the Clinical Biochemistry module delivered as part of two different Bachelor degrees taught at DMU: Biomedical and Medical Sciences. The response of students enrolled in this programmes at DMU will be also analysed