Transformation, partitioning and flow–deposit interactions during the run-out of megaflows

Funded by BG Brasil E&P LtdaPeer reviewedPostprin

Cytogenetic Tools to Study the Biodiversity of Neotropical Fish: From the Classic to the Advent of Cell Culture

Neotropical Ichthyofauna is considered the richest and most diverse in the world. All this biodiversity has attracted attention from researchers from different areas of study, including the cytogenetics. Many cytogenetics studies have search to understand the evolution of macro and micro karyotype structure of these different groups of fish, and classical and molecular cytogenetics techniques have contributed significantly for all knowledge of this karyotypic diversity. Recently, the use of cell cultures as an alternative to obtaining mitotic chromosomes opening up new opportunities to study groups that have not been explored or have not yet been cytogenetically investigated. In this work, we take a chronological overview of the advances of different cytogenetic techniques (“in vivo” and “in vitro” methods to obtain the chromosome, C-banding, the detection of nucleolar organizer regions (Ag-RON), fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with several repetitive probes and paint chromosome) over the decades and how these techniques helped elucidate questions of the organization and function of the fish genome

Efficient Identification of HIV Serodiscordant Couples by Existing HIV Testing Programs in South Brazil.

ObjectiveTo examine the feasibility of identifying HIV negative at risk individuals in HIV serodiscordant couples, during voluntary HIV testing in South Brazil.MethodsWe surveyed HIV testers at 4 public testing sites in Rio Grande do Sul. We obtained information on risk behaviors and sexual partnerships. HIV testing and testing for recent infection were performed; HIV prevalence and risk behaviors were assessed among subjects who reported having a steady partner who was HIV positive (serodiscordant group) and compared with the general testing population.ResultsAmong 3100 patients, 490 (15.8%) reported being in a steady relationship with an HIV positive partner. New HIV infections were diagnosed in 23% of the serodiscordant group (vs. 13% in the general population, p = 0.01); among newly positive subjects, recent HIV infections were more frequent (23/86, 26.7%) among testers with positive partners than among the general testing group (52/334; 15.6%; p = 0.016). Less than half of the serodiscordant testers reported having used a condom during the last sexual intercourse with their HIV-positive partner. Participants with inconsistent condom use with steady partner were four times more likely to test positive for HIV compared to those who reported always using condoms with the steady partner (OR: 4.2; 95% CI: 2.3 to 7.5).ConclusionIt is highly feasible to identify large numbers of HIV susceptible individuals who are in HIV serodiscordant relationships in South Brazil testing sites. Condom use within HIV serodiscordant couples is low in this setting, suggesting urgent need for biomedical prevention strategies to reduce HIV transmission

Identification of Salmonella clonal groups and enterobacteria quantification in different risk areas of manufacturing process in four Brazilian feed mills

Identification of critical points for contamination of feed and spread of Salmonella may contribute to the development of control plans. A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify Salmonella clonal groups in feed mill facilities. A total of 1,322 samples were collected in four swine feed manufacturing facilities. Samples were taken from ingredients and from dust deposited on the floor and on the inner surface of storage bins, bucket elevators, mills, mixers, scales, pelleting chamber and cooler

Avaliação de clones de Lotus uliginosus Schkuhr., em Blocos de policruzamento.

RESUMO - Quarenta e dois clones de Lotus uliginosus Schkuhr., foram avaliados em blocos de policruzamento sob diferentes aspectos morfológicos, fisiológicos, quantitativos, qualitativos e fenológicos, no período de março de 1978 a maio de 1979, na Estação Experimental Agronômica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (E.E.A. UFGRS), Guaíba, RS, Brasil. Neste trabalho foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: taxa de crescimento médio em diâmetro e em altura das plantas, diâmetro médio de enraizamento das plantas, início médio de florescimento, rendimento médio de sementes, rendimento médio total de matéria seca da rebrota após um período de estiagem, e percentagens de proteína bruta e digestibilidade "in vitro" da matéria seca. A análise da variância mostrou significância estatística (P < 0,05) para a diferença entre clones em algumas observações realizadas. Correlações significativas foram encontradas entre algumas variáveis estudadas. ABSTRACT - Forty-two clones of Lotus uliginosus Schkuhr., were evaluated in a polycross nursery for different rnorphologic, physiologic, guantitative, qualitative and phenological characters during the period of March 1978 to May 1979 at the Agricultural Experiment Station of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Guaíba, RS, Brazil. The following parameters were evaluated in this work: mean rate of growth in diameter and in height of plants, mean diameter of rooting of plants, mean of flowering time in days after planting, average yield of seed, average of total dry matter yield of regrowth after a period of drought, and percentage of crude protein and "in vitro" digestibility of dry matter. The analysis of variance showed statistical significance (P < 0.05) for some differences in parameters evaluated among clones. Significant correlations were found between some of the variables studied.Título em inglês: Evaluation of clones of Lotus uliginosus Schkuhr., in a polycross nursery

Interação pesquisa-ensino como parte da elaboração do atlas ambiental escolar da Região Metropolitana de Campinas.

bitstream/item/57528/1/026-11.pd

Detection of salmonella heidelberg resistant to colistin in the intestinal content of pigs at slaughter.

Abstract : Salmonella Heidelberg has increasingly been reported as cause of human salmonellosis worldwide. In Brazil, S. Heidelberg has been reported in poultry but it is infrequently isolated from pigs. Here, we describe the isolation of S. Heidelberg resistant to colistin from slaughter pigs. Five pigs and their carcasses belonging to a same slaughter batch in ten consecutive days were sampled for fragment of intestine in the ileocecal region and sponges rubbed on the carcass surface (400 cm2 ) before chilling. Salmonella detection was performed according to the ISO 6579:2002. Intestinal content was also subjected to Salmonella enumeration by a miniaturized Most Probable Number (MPN) protocol. Salmonella isolates were characterized by antimicrobial resistance by the disk diffusion test, the minimum inhibitory concentration to colistin determination and to gene mcr-1 investigation by PCR. Salmonella was isolated from the intestinal content of 64% (32/50) of the pigs, in amounts that varied from 2.7 to >1,400 MPN/g. Salmonella Heidelberg was the most frequent serovar identified in the intestinal content samples (20/50; 40%), and this serovar was present in eight of the ten pig batches sampled. At the prechill, Salmonella was isolated from 8% of carcasses, and S. Heidelberg was not detected. Salmonella Heidelberg strains were resistant against ampicillin (n=9), tetracycline (n=8), sulfonamide (n=8) and gentamicin (n=5). Nine multi-drug resistant strains were detected; among them four strains were positive for the gene mcr-1. In these strains the MIC value was 8 µg.mL-1 , while in the strains without the mcr-1 gene it ranged from 2 µg.mL-1 to 4 µg.mL-1 . Therefore, humans in contact with carrier pigs or their environment may be exposed to S. Heidelberg, including strains harboring the gene mcr-1.SafePork 2017

Frequência de isolamento de Salmonella sp. e de enterobactérias em fábricas de ração para suínos.

Projeto/Plano de Ação: 16.00.30.004-00

Avaliação de imagens multiespectrais LANDSAT/TM5 em radiância e reflectância de superfície na utilização do software CompPlexus.

O software CompPlexus vem sendo utilizado com o propósito de avaliar a complexidade de padrões espectrais e texturais de imagens multiespectrais por meio das métricas: Variabilidade He/Hmax e SDL (Shiner, Davison e Landsberg), embasadas em entropia informacional. Sabe-se que, para a manipulação e interpretação correta dos dados, é necessário o uso dessas imagens convertidas para grandezas físicas como radiância e reflectância. O trabalho em questão objetiva testar a utilização dessas imagens com variações sazonais e, por meio da análise de variância dos dados obtidos, definir qual seria a grandeza mais adequada a ser utilizada no software. Os resultados mostram que, em decorrência das diferenças não muito significativas das variâncias entre as amostras, ambas as grandezas podem ser utilizadas. Porém, para estudos multitemporais com alta variação de condições climáticas, é recomendável o uso de dados em reflectância de superfície (correções atmosféricas aplicadas) como forma de minimizar a eventual soma de valores espúrios ao cálculo das métricas

Antecedents and outcomes of consumer environmentally friendly attitudes and behaviour

With the intensification of problems relating to the environment, a growing number of consumers are becoming more ecologically conscious in their preferences and purchases of goods. This paper presents the results of a study conducted among 500 Cypriot consumers, focusing on the factors that shape consumer environmental attitudes and behaviour, as well as on the resulting outcomes. The findings confirmed that both the inward and outward environmental attitudes of a consumer are positively influenced by his/her degree of collectivism, long-term orientation, political involvement, deontology, and law obedience, but have no connection with liberalism. The adoption of an inward environmental attitude was also found to be conducive to green purchasing behaviour that ultimately leads to high product satisfaction. On the other hand, an outward environmental attitude facilitates the adoption of a general environmental behaviour, which is responsible for greater satisfaction with life. The findings of the study have important implications for shaping effective company offerings to consumers in target markets, as well as formulating appropriate policies at the governmental level to enhance environmental sensitivity among citizens