Cytological and histological diagnosis of lung cancer in Sardinia and Italy in the 1990s

Background. Up to 30-50% of all lung cancer cases remain without cyto-histological characterisation. The aim of our study was to evaluate retrospectively the proportion of histological and/or cytological diagnosis in patients with lung cancer in Sardinia. Methods. Data was gathered by consulting the hospital registers and case notes of individual patients released from hospital with a diagnosis of Lung Cancer at all medical centres throughout Sardinia. In gathering patients' data, we focused our attention on cytological and histological procedures through which allowed the lung cancer was diagnosed. Cancer Registries data was utilised to compare our data with national and Sassari province data. Results. From 1991 to 1996 there was a total of 3146 lung cancer patients registered in Sardinia. 1902 patients (60.5%) had a histological diagnosis, 142 patients (4.5%) a cytological diagnosis while in 1102 patients (35%) the diagnosis was performed without any pathological validation. Conclusions. Our study has shown that lung cancer diagnosis is supported by pathological verification in 65% of cases while in remaining 35% of patients the diagnosis is based only on clinical and radiological reports. In Italy data from Cancer Registries report the percentage of cyto- histological diagnosis to be 70% with the percentage of cytological diagnosis being higher than in Sardinia

Linking Soil, Water, and Honey Composition To Assess the Geographical Origin of Argentinean Honey by Multielemental and Isotopic Analyses

The objective of this research was to investigate the development of a reliable fingerprint from elemental and isotopic signatures of Argentinean honey to assess its geographical provenance. Honey, soil, and water from three regions (Córdoba, Buenos Aires, and Entre Rı́os) were collected. The multielemental composition was determined by ICP-MS. δ13C was measured by isotopic ratio mass spectrometry, whereas the 87Sr/86Sr ratio was determined using thermal ionization mass spectrometry. The data were analyzed by chemometrics looking for the association between the elements, stable isotopes, and honey samples from the three studied areas. Honey samples were differentiated by classification trees and discriminant analysis using a combination of eight key variables (Rb, K/Rb, B, U, 87Sr/86Sr, Na, La, and Zn) presenting differences among the studied regions. The application of canonical correlation analysis and generalized procrustes analysis showed 91.5% consensus between soil, water, and honey samples, in addition to clear differences between studied areas. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the correspondence between soil, water, and honey samples using different statistical methods, showing that elemental and isotopic honey compositions are related to soil and water characteristics of the site of origin.Fil: Baroni, María Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Podio, Natalia Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Badini, Raúl G.. Provincia de Córdoba. Ministerio de Ciencia y Técnica. Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Inga, Marcela. Provincia de Córdoba. Ministerio de Ciencia y Técnica. Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Ostera, Hector Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotopica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotópica; ArgentinaFil: Cagnoni, Mariana Celina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotopica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotópica; ArgentinaFil: Gautier, Eduardo Amilcar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Constituyentes; ArgentinaFil: Peral Garcia, Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria ; ArgentinaFil: Hoogewerff, Jurian. University Of Otago; CanadáFil: Wunderlin, Daniel Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; Argentin

Elemental and Isotopic Fingerprint of Argentinean Wheat. Matching Soil, Water, and Crop Composition to Differentiate Provenance

The aim of this study was to investigate if elemental and isotopic signatures of Argentinean wheat can be used to develop a reliable fingerprint to assess its geographical provenance. For this pilot study we used wheat cultivated at three different regions (Buenos Aires, Córdoba, and Entre Ríos), together with matching soil and water. Elemental composition was determined by ICP-MS. δ13C and δ15N were measured by isotopic ratio mass spectrometry, while 87Sr/86Sr ratio was determined using thermal ionization mass spectrometry. Wheat samples from three sampling sites were differentiated by the combination of 11 key variables (K/Rb, Ca/Sr, Ba, 87Sr/86Sr, Co, Mo, Zn, Mn, Eu, δ13C, and Na), demonstrating differences among the three studied regions. The application of generalized Procrustes analysis showed 99.2% consensus between cultivation soil, irrigation water, and wheat samples, in addition to clear differences between studied areas. Furthermore, canonical correlation analysis showed significant correlation between the elemental and isotopic profiles of wheat and those corresponding to both soil and water (r2 = 0.97, p < 0.001 and r2 = 0.96, p < 0.001, respectively). To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the correspondence between soil, water, and wheat samples using different statistical methods, showing that wheat elemental and isotopic compositions are mainly related to soil and irrigation water characteristics of the site of growth.Fil: Podio, Natalia Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Baroni, María Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Badini, Raul G.. Provincia de Córdoba. Ministerio de Ciencia y Técnica. Centro de Excelencia En Productos y Procesos de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Inga, Marcela. Provincia de Córdoba. Ministerio de Ciencia y Técnica. Centro de Excelencia En Productos y Procesos de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Ostera, Hector Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotopica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotópica; ArgentinaFil: Cagnoni, Mariana Celina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotopica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotópica; ArgentinaFil: Gautier, Eduardo Amilcar. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; ArgentinaFil: Peral Garcia, Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Hoogewerff, Jurian. University Of Otago; Nueva ZelandaFil: Wunderlin, Daniel Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; Argentin

Cytological and histological diagnosis of lung cancer in Sardinia and Italy in the 1990s

Background. Up to 30-50% of all lung cancer cases remain without cyto-histological characterisation. The aim of our study was to evaluate retrospectively the proportion of histological and/or cytological diagnosis in patients with lung cancer in Sardinia. Methods. Data was gathered by consulting the hospital registers and case notes of individual patients released from hospital with a diagnosis of Lung Cancer at all medical centres throughout Sardinia. In gathering patients’ data, we focused our attention on cytological and histological procedures through which allowed the lung cancer was diagnosed. Cancer Registries data was utilised to compare our data with national and Sassari province data. Results. From 1991 to 1996 there was a total of 3146 lung cancer patients registered in Sardinia. 1902 patients (60.5%) had a histological diagnosis, 142 patients (4.5%) a cytological diagnosis while in 1102 patients (35%) the diagnosis was performed without any pathological validation. Conclusions. Our study has shown that lung cancer diagnosis is supported by pathological verification in 65% of cases while in remaining 35% of patients the diagnosis is based only on clinical and radiological reports. In Italy data from Cancer Registries report the percentage of cyto- histological diagnosis to be 70% with the percentage of cytological diagnosis being higher than in Sardinia

How Much Do Soil and Water Contribute to the Composition of Meat? A Case Study: Meat from Three Areas of Argentina

The main goal of this study was to propose a reliable method to verify the geographical origin of meat, establishing the influence of soil and water on its isotopic and elemental composition. Thus, beef meat, soil, and water samples were collected from three major cattle-producing regions of Argentina (Buenos Aires, Córdoba, and Entre Ríos). Multielemental composition was determined on these three matrices by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N by isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), and the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). Soil and drinking water samples could be characterized and clearly differentiated by combining the isotopic ratios and elements, demonstrating differences in geology and climatic conditions of three regions. Similarly, meat originating at each sampling area was characterized and differentiated using only five key variables (Rb, Ca/Sr, δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr). Generalized procrustes analysis (GPA), using the three studied matrices (soil, water, and meat) shows consensus between them and clear differences between studied areas. Furthermore, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) demonstrates significant correlation between the chemical-isotopic profile of meat with those corresponding to both soil and water (<i>r</i>² = 0.93, <i>p</i> < 0.001; and <i>r</i>² = 0.83, <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). So far, there are clear coincidences between the meat fingerprint and those from soil/water where cattle grew, presenting a good method to establish beef provenance. To the authors' knowledge this is the first report linking the influence of soil and water all together on the composition of beef, presenting the basis for the authentication of Argentinean beef, which could be extended to meat from different provenances