The Bases of Association Rules of High Confidence

We develop a new approach for distributed computing of the association rules of high confidence in a binary table. It is derived from the D-basis algorithm in K. Adaricheva and J.B. Nation (TCS 2017), which is performed on multiple sub-tables of a table given by removing several rows at a time. The set of rules is then aggregated using the same approach as the D-basis is retrieved from a larger set of implications. This allows to obtain a basis of association rules of high confidence, which can be used for ranking all attributes of the table with respect to a given fixed attribute using the relevance parameter introduced in K. Adaricheva et al. (Proceedings of ICFCA-2015). This paper focuses on the technical implementation of the new algorithm. Some testing results are performed on transaction data and medical data.Comment: Presented at DTMN, Sydney, Australia, July 28, 201

Qué sabemos sobre las consecuencias a largo plazo de la separación materna temprana y la respuesta neuroendocrina al estrés

Adverse conditions during early life are a risk factor for stress-related diseases. How this early adversity induce long-term effects is not well understood, however there are several evidence that the stress hormones play a determining role. Here we will focus on evidence obtained from the long-term consequences of prolonged maternal separation procedures. The purpose of this article is to review the literature about the influence of early experiences on the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis function and endocrine stress responses in rodents. Early experiences have long-term influences on the behavioral and endocrine responses to stress and the alterations depend mostly on environment conditions and the interaction between mother and offspring. In the rodent, brief periods of separation result in an attenuated adrenal response to stress (reduced secretion of corticosterone). In contrast, longer periods of separation result in an exaggerated response. Besides, it is known that the prevalence of affective and anxiety disorders are significantly higher in women than in men. Emotional reactivity to stress and abnormalities in HPA axis activity have been implicated in the etiology of both depression and anxiety disorders. Therefore sexually dimorphic effects of maternal separation on the HPA axis function are discussed since gender is an important factor influencing the response to stress. The literature clearly demonstrates that early experiences trigger long-term changes in the stress system that may permanently alter brain and behaviour.Fil: Rivarola, María Angélica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Renard, Georgina Maria. Universidad de Valparaíso; Chile. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Discovery of the D-basis in binary tables based on hypergraph dualization

Discovery of (strong) association rules, or implications, is an important task in data management, and it nds application in arti cial intelligence, data mining and the semantic web. We introduce a novel approach for the discovery of a speci c set of implications, called the D-basis, that provides a representation for a reduced binary table, based on the structure of its Galois lattice. At the core of the method are the D-relation de ned in the lattice theory framework, and the hypergraph dualization algorithm that allows us to e ectively produce the set of transversals for a given Sperner hypergraph. The latter algorithm, rst developed by specialists from Rutgers Center for Operations Research, has already found numerous applications in solving optimization problems in data base theory, arti cial intelligence and game theory. One application of the method is for analysis of gene expression data related to a particular phenotypic variable, and some initial testing is done for the data provided by the University of Hawaii Cancer Cente

Gender stereotyping and wage discrimination among Italian graduates

This paper addresses the gender pay gap among Italian university graduates on entry to the labour market and stresses the importance of gender stereotypes on subjective assessment of individual productivity. Our data show that in contexts where the stereotype is most likely to occur, the unexplained component of the gender pay gap is higher. Moreover, we find evidence that being excellent at school does not ensures that a woman will be rewarded as an equivalently performing man, but serves to counteract the gender bias in on-the-job evaluations

Discovery of the D-basis in binary tables based on hypergraph dualization

Discovery of (strong) association rules, or implications, is an important task in data management, and it nds application in arti cial intelligence, data mining and the semantic web. We introduce a novel approach for the discovery of a speci c set of implications, called the D-basis, that provides a representation for a reduced binary table, based on the structure of its Galois lattice. At the core of the method are the D-relation de ned in the lattice theory framework, and the hypergraph dualization algorithm that allows us to e ectively produce the set of transversals for a given Sperner hypergraph. The latter algorithm, rst developed by specialists from Rutgers Center for Operations Research, has already found numerous applications in solving optimization problems in data base theory, arti cial intelligence and game theory. One application of the method is for analysis of gene expression data related to a particular phenotypic variable, and some initial testing is done for the data provided by the University of Hawaii Cancer Cente

Gender stereotyping and wage discrimination among Italian graduates

This paper addresses the gender pay gap among Italian university graduates on entry to the labour market and stresses the importance of gender stereotypes on subjective assessment of individual productivity. Our data show that in contexts where the stereotype is most likely to occur, the unexplained component of the gender pay gap is higher. Moreover, we find evidence that being excellent at school does not ensures that a woman will be rewarded as an equivalently performing man, but serves to counteract the gender bias in on-the-job evaluations.

Crisis and Punishment? Explaining Politicians’ Appetite for Retribution in Post-Crisis Europe

This paper investigates the politics of holding bank executives accountable for banking crises. The aftermath of the 2008 global financial crisis was characterized by a significant variation in the extent to which European countries endorsed this type of retributive justice. In particular, while some countries established special prosecutorial bodies and took steps to facilitate prosecutions, others seemed to consider the crisis “business as usual” and relied on the existing investigative and prosecutorial mechanisms to seek out wrongdoing. We explore the experiences of two European countries, Iceland and Cyprus. We argue that the way a financial crisis unfolds plays a significant role in shaping the appetite of politicians for promoting an agenda of retributive justice. With a banking collapse, politicians will be most proactive, as voters’ demand for justice is high and the risks for the banking industry are minimal. With a severe yet negotiated crisis following a bailout/bail-in, politicians are more reluctant to endorse policies that may risk the recovery of the fragile

Gender stereotyping and wage discrimination among Italian graduates

This paper addresses the gender pay gap among Italian university graduates on entry to the labour market and stresses the importance of gender stereotypes on subjective assessment of individual productivity. Our data show that in contexts where the stereotype is most likely to occur, the unexplained component of the gender pay gap is higher. Moreover, we find evidence that being excellent at school does not ensures that a woman will be rewarded as an equivalently performing man, but serves to counteract the gender bias in on-the-job evaluationsLabour market; Italy; Gender pay gap; Education; Stereotypes

The other voice in the room: restorative justice facilitators’ constructions of justice

Restorative justice represents an approach to managing conflict initiated by a wrongdoing that focuses on restoring the participants materially, psychologically, and relationally. Restorative interventions usually involve facilitators who act as “experts” in helping the parties to manage their conflict restoratively. They also help participants to understand how restorative justice differs from traditional justice and what restorative justice looks like. However, we lack an understanding of how facilitators conceptualize justice in the first place. Drawing on interviews with facilitators, this study identifies facilitators’ justice constructions during victim-offender conferences. Together, these constructions constitute a multi-dimensional, multi-layered model of justice in victim-offender conferences

Effects of Postnatal Stress on the Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Bank Voles (Clethrionomys glareolus)

Wild bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) kept in the laboratory under barren housing conditions develop high incidences of type 1 diabetes mellitus due to beta cell– specific lysis in association with the appearance of GAD65, IA-2, and insulin autoantibodies. Wild-caught and immediately analyzed voles show no histological signs of diabetes, and the disease may therefore be induced by circumstances related to the housing of the animals in captivity. We tested the possibility that postnatal stress by either maternal separation or water immersion at different intervals would induce diabetes in adult bank voles. We found that low-frequent stress during the first 21 days of life increases, whereas high-frequent stress markedly reduces, the incidence of type 1 diabetes in adulthood. These results differentiate the role of early-experienced stress on subsequent type 1 diabetes development and emphasize that the bank vole may serve as a useful new animal model for the disease