8 research outputs found
A political ethnography of rural communities under an authoritarian regime: The case of Belarus
Cet article explicite dâabord les conditions dâune enquĂȘte dâethnographie politique menĂ©e dans les campagnes de BiĂ©lorussie entre 2006 et 2013. Une triple difficultĂ© a Ă©mergĂ© : enquĂȘter principalement auprĂšs des classes populaires ; effectuer cette ethnographie dans un milieu, le monde rural, oĂč lâĂtat, par ses structures Ă©conomiques et administratives, est omniprĂ©sent, et oĂč le contrĂŽle sur les personnes est particuliĂšrement marquĂ© ; travailler sur le politique dans un rĂ©gime autoritaire hĂ©ritĂ© de lâUnion soviĂ©tique qui nâadmet pas de mise en cause et de dĂ©bat critique. Lâarticle caractĂ©rise ensuite les modalitĂ©s de mise en Ćuvre dâune âethnographie en pointillĂ©sâ, qui sâest avĂ©rĂ©e fructueuse pour recueillir du matĂ©riau, et reposant essentiellement sur trois techniques : la âdĂ©cĂ©rĂ©monialisationâ de la situation dâenquĂȘte, la familiarisation avec les enquĂȘtĂ©s et la symĂ©trisation des relations par lâexposition de soi. A noter que cet article est traduit dâun texte intitulĂ© âEnquĂȘter en BiĂ©lorussie. Une ethnographie politique des mondes ruraux en rĂ©gime autoritaireâ. La version originale est accessible librement sur le site du BMS, sous la forme dâun document complĂ©mentaire Ă la version publiĂ©e de lâarticle.This article firstly explains the conditions for a political ethnography survey conducted in rural Belarus between 2006 and 2013. Three difficulties became apparent: conducting a survey primarily among the lower classes; carrying out this ethnographic study in an environment â the rural world â in which the State, via its economic and administrative structures, is omnipresent, and in which there is particularly strong control over the people; and studying politics in an authoritarian regime inherited from the Soviet Union, which does not tolerate challenges to its authority or critical debate. The article then characterizes the implementation procedures for a âdiscrete ethnographyâ, which proved to be a fruitful approach for the collection of material, based primarily on three techniques: the âdeceremonializationâ of the survey situation, familiarization with the subjects of the survey and the symmetrization of relationships by self-exposition. It is worth noting that this article is the translated version of an article called âEnquĂȘter en BiĂ©lorussie. Une ethnographie politique des mondes ruraux en rĂ©gime autoritaireâ. The original version is openly available on the BMS website as a complementary document to this article