106 research outputs found
Different postharvest conditions modulate ripening and ethylene biosynthetic and signal transduction pathways in Stony Hard peaches.
Stony hard (SH) peaches are characterized, at ripening, by the maintenance of flesh firmness and the lack of ethylene production due to a reduced expression of Pp-ACS1. In a trial comparing melting flesh (MF, cv. ‘Summer Rich’) and SH (‘IFF331’ selection) fruit at two different postharvest temperatures (10 and 20 ◦C), unexpected behaviour was observed in SH peaches that displayed an increase in ethylene production and a decrease in flesh firmness when stored at 10 ◦C, a temperature regime basically ineffective in delaying ripening in MF fruit. This appeared to be the result of an induction of Pp-ACS1 transcription, making this genotype of particular interest for studying temperature stress physiology and ethylene-related ripening processes in peaches. Comparative expression analyses of genes involved in cell wall metabolism pointed out the presence of a negative (Pp-EG4), positive (Pp-endoPG) or no (one member of the PL family) relationship with ethylene at ripening. Results clearly showed that the last stage of firmness decrease (melting) only occurs in fruit producing ethylene and is associated with Pp-endoPG transcript accumulation. The expression of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and signalling pathways was evaluated using QRT-PCR. Pp-ACO1 appeared to be induced in SH kept at 10 ◦C but not at 20 ◦C. Transient increases in Pp-CTR1 and Pp-EIN2like gene expression have only been detected at the early stages of ripening in samples producing ethylene, indicating that a causal relationship might exist between ethylene and elements of its transduction pathway during peach fruit ripening
Molecular Marker Linkage Map for Apple
Linkage maps for two apple clones, White Angel and Rome Beauty, were constructed using isozyme and DNA polymorphisms segregating in a population produced from a Rome Beauty × White Angel cross. The linkage map for White Angel consists of 253 markers arranged in 24 linkage groups and extends over 950 cM. The Rome Beauty map contains 156 markers on 21 linkage groups. The White Angel map was taken as the standard, and we were able to identify linkage groups in Rome Beauty homologous to 13 White Angel linkage groups. The location of several genes not segregating in the Rome Beauty × White Angel population could be determined on the basis of known linkages with segregating markers. Hence, the standard map for apple now contains about 360 markers, with most linkage groups saturated at 10-15 cM. The double pseudotestcross format of the mapping population permitted the comparison of recombination frequencies in male and female parents in certain regions of the genome where appropriate markers were available. The recombination frequencies observed for the approximately 170 cM that were comparable gave no indication that a sex-related difference in recombination rate was characteristic of appl
Polimorfismo isozimático e potencial de utilização das isozimas como marcadores genéticos em aceroleira
Evaluation of the significance of cell wall polymers in flax infected with a pathogenic strain of Fusarium oxysporum
A remarkable synergistic effect at the transcriptomic level in peach fruits doubly infected by Prunus necrotic ringspot virus and Peach latent mosaic viroid
[EN] Background: Microarray profiling is a powerful technique to investigate expression changes of large amounts of
genes in response to specific environmental conditions. The majority of the studies investigating gene expression
changes in virus-infected plants are limited to interactions between a virus and a model host plant, which usually is
Arabidopsis thaliana or Nicotiana benthamiana. In the present work, we performed microarray profiling to explore
changes in the expression profile of field-grown Prunus persica (peach) originating from Chile upon single and
double infection with Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) and Peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd), worldwide
natural pathogens of peach trees.
Results: Upon single PLMVd or PNRSV infection, the number of statistically significant gene expression changes
was relatively low. By contrast, doubly-infected fruits presented a high number of differentially regulated genes.
Among these, down-regulated genes were prevalent. Functional categorization of the gene expression changes
upon double PLMVd and PNRSV infection revealed protein modification and degradation as the functional category
with the highest percentage of repressed genes whereas induced genes encoded mainly proteins related to
phosphate, C-compound and carbohydrate metabolism and also protein modification. Overrepresentation analysis
upon double infection with PLMVd and PNRSV revealed specific functional categories over- and underrepresented
among the repressed genes indicating active counter-defense mechanisms of the pathogens during infection.
Conclusions: Our results identify a novel synergistic effect of PLMVd and PNRSV on the transcriptome of peach
fruits. We demonstrate that mixed infections, which occur frequently in field conditions, result in a more complex
transcriptional response than that observed in single infections. Thus, our data demonstrate for the first time that
the simultaneous infection of a viroid and a plant virus synergistically affect the host transcriptome in infected
peach fruits. These field studies can help to fully understand plant-pathogen interactions and to develop
appropriate crop protection strategies.We thank Drs M.A. Perez-Amador y J. Gadea for helping in the result analysis. This work was supported by grant BIO2011-25018 from the Spanish granting agency Direccion General de Investigacion Cientifica for the transcriptomic analyses and from the grant 2009CL0020 from the bilateral project INIA-Chile/CSIC-Spain for the phytosanitary evaluation. MC Herranz was the recipient of a contract from the Juan de la Cierva program of the Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of Spain.Herranz Gordo, MDC.; Niehl, A.; Rosales, M.; Fiore, N.; Zamorano, A.; Granell Richart, A.; Pallás Benet, V. (2013). A remarkable synergistic effect at the transcriptomic level in peach fruits doubly infected by Prunus necrotic ringspot virus and Peach latent mosaic viroid. Virology Journal. 10:11-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-10-164S111510Pallas V, Garcia JA: How do plant viruses induce disease? Interactions and interference with host components. 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TRATAMENTO COM CLORETO DE CÁLCIO NA PÓS-COLHEITA RETARDA O DESVERDECIMENTO E A PERDA DE FIRMEZA DO MAMÃO UENF/CALIMAN01
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