Comparison of chosen physical fitness characteristics of turkish professional basketball players by division and playing position

The purpose of the present study was to compare chosen physical fitness characteristics of Turkish professional basketball players in different divisions (first and second division) and playing positions. Forty-five professional male basketball players (14 guards, 15 forwards, 16 centers) participated in this study voluntarily. For each player, anthropometric measurements were performed, as well as a multi-stage 20 m shuttle run, isokinetic leg strength, squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), 10-30 meter single-sprint and T-drill agility tests. The differences in terms of division were evaluated by independent t-test and the differences by playing position were evaluated by one-way ANOVA with Post Hoc Tukey test. First division players' CMJ measurements were significantly higher than those of second division players' (p≤0.05), whereas second division players' 10 m sprint times were significantly better than those of first division players' (p≤0.05). In addition, forwards and centers were significantly taller than guards. Centers were significantly heavier and their T-drill test performances were inferior to those of forwards and guards (p≤0.05). Moreover, guards had a significantly higher maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) than centers. Guards and forwards showed significantly better performance in the 10 and 30 m sprint tests than centers (p≤0.05). Forwards and centers had significantly better left leg flexor strength at 180°.s-1(p≤0.05). In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicated that physical performance of professional basketball players differed among guards, forwards and centers, whereas there were not significant differences between first and second division players. According to the present study, court positions have different demands and physical attributes which are specific to each playing position in professional basketball players. Therefore, these results suggest that coaches should tailor fitness programs according to specific positions on the court. © Editorial Committee of Journal of Human Kinetics

Effect of tool path strategies and cooling conditions in pocket machining of AZ91 magnesium alloy

This experimental study aims to investigate the effect of different pocket milling strategies and cooling conditions on milling force, temperature, tool wear, and surface quality when machining AZ91 magnesium alloy. Four tool path strategies have been evaluated contour strategy from inside to outside, contour strategy from outside to inside, hatch+finish strategy with an automatic optimal angle and hatch+finish strategy with a user-defined angle. All pocket milling tests have been conducted in different cooling conditions that are dry, coolant, and air blast. Milling force, temperature, surface topography and tool wear are measured in an experimental study. The experimental results show that the best tool path strategy is hatch+finish strategy with the user-defined angle, while the worst tool path strategy is hatch+finish with the automatic optimal angle.0438-YL-17This work was supported by Commission of Scientific Research Projects of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University (Project No. 0438-YL-17)

Genetic diversity of wheat dwarf virus

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Semptomatik Safra Kesesi Taşı Olan Sirotik Hastalarda Laparoskopik Kolesitektomi

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The relationship between sprint ability, agility and vertical jump performance in young soccer players

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between speed, agility and vertical jump performance in young soccer players Material and methods: Fifteen soccer players (average age 16.0±0.8 years; average height 168.4±4.7cm; average body mass 62.6±7.7kg; average training age 6.0±2.0 years) participated in this study voluntarilyThe sprinting ability of each player was determined using 10-m and 30-m single-sprint times; zigzag agility with the ball (ZAWB) and without the ball (ZAWHB) test times were used to determine their agility; and squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) heights were used for the determination of vertical jump ability Results: The results of Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis indicated moderate to strong correlations between 10-meter sprint times and 30-meter sprint times (r=0.714; P=0.01) and ZAWHB (r=0.567; P=0.02)Similarly, 30-meter sprint times were moderate to strong correlated with CMJ ability (r=-0.599; P=0.02) and ZAWHB (r=0.744; P=0.01)A strong correlation was also found between CMJ ability and SJ ability (r=0.706; P=0.01) and between CMJ ability and ZAWHB (r=-0.769; P=0.01)In addition, SJ ability was strongly correlated with ZAWHB (r=-0.712; P=0.01)Finally, ZAWHB was moderate correlated with ZAWB (r=0.566; P=0.02)In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicated that there is a significant correlation between sprint ability and agilityIn addition, significant correlations were found both between vertical jumping ability and sprinting ability and between vertical jumping ability and ZAWHB test performance in soccer players Conclusion: The results of the study therefore suggest that speed, agility without the ball and vertical jumping ability share common physiological and biomechanical determinants. © 2014

Comparison of chosen physical fitness characteristics of Turkish professional basketball players by division and playing position.

The purpose of the present study was to compare chosen physical fitness characteristics of Turkish professional basketball players in different divisions (first and second division) and playing positions. Forty-five professional male basketball players (14 guards, 15 forwards, 16 centers) participated in this study voluntarily. For each player, anthropometric measurements were performed, as well as a multi-stage 20 m shuttle run, isokinetic leg strength, squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), 10-30 meter single-sprint and T-drill agility tests. The differences in terms of division were evaluated by independent t-test and the differences by playing position were evaluated by one-way ANOVA with Post Hoc Tukey test. First division players' CMJ measurements were significantly higher than those of second division players' (p≤0.05), whereas second division players' 10 m sprint times were significantly better than those of first division players' (p≤0.05). In addition, forwards and centers were significantly taller than guards. Centers were significantly heavier and their T-drill test performances were inferior to those of forwards and guards (p≤0.05). Moreover, guards had a significantly higher maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) than centers. Guards and forwards showed significantly better performance in the 10 and 30 m sprint tests than centers (p≤0.05). Forwards and centers had significantly better left leg flexor strength at 180°.s(-1)(p≤0.05). In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicated that physical performance of professional basketball players differed among guards, forwards and centers, whereas there were not significant differences between first and second division players. According to the present study, court positions have different demands and physical attributes which are specific to each playing position in professional basketball players. Therefore, these results suggest that coaches should tailor fitness programs according to specific positions on the court

Genetic diversity of Wheat dwarf mastrevirus

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Physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of 4-a-side small-sided game in young soccer players: the influence of different team formation methods.

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of different team formation methods on the physiological responses to and time-motion characteristics of 4-a-side small-sided games (SSG4) in young soccer players. Thirty-two young soccer players (age 16.2 ± 0.7 years; height 172.9 ± 6.1 cm; body mass 64.1 ± 7.7 kg) voluntarily participated in this study. Anthropometric measurements, technical tests, and maximum oxygen uptake (V[Combining Dot Above]O2max) tests were carried out on the players. The SSG4 teams were then created using 4 different methods: according to the coaches' subjective evaluation (CE), technical scores (TS), V[Combining Dot Above]O2max (AP), and V[Combining Dot Above]O2max multiplied by TSs (CG). The teams thus created played 4 bouts of SSG4 at 2-day intervals. During the SSG4, heart rate (HR) responses, distance covered, and time spent in HRmax zones were recorded. In addition, rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and blood lactate level (La) were determined at the end of the last bout of each SSG4. Percent of HRmax (%HRmax), La, and RPE responses during SSG4 were significantly higher for teams chosen according to AP and CG compared with that according to CE and TS (p 90% HRmax ) and covered a greater distance in the high-intensity running zone (>18 km·h) than did teams formed according to TS. Moreover, AP teams covered significantly greater total distance than TS teams did (p < 0.05). In conclusion, to spend more time in both the high-intensity HR zone and the high-intensity running zone, the teams in SSG4 should be formed according to the players' V[Combining Dot Above]O2max values or the values calculated using both the V[Combining Dot Above]O2max and technique scores